Objective:To investigate the prehension status of outpatients for oral health care knowledge.Methods:Refering to scheme of oral health propaganda in West-Pacific area instituted by World Health Organization,self-designed questionnaire was used and 478 outpatients with diferent education levels were interviewed about the prehension for oral health care knowledge. The results were analyzed.Result:There was no difference among patients with different sexes in basic oral health care knowl- edge,but with regard to the question that there is association between cigarette and periodontal diseases,the prehension status of female patients was better than that of the male patients.Meanwhile,The prehension status of the patients with university e- ducation was better than that of the patients without university education,but generally,the correct rate was not high.Conclu- sion:The education level will affect the prehension status.The prehension status of outpatients for oral health care knowledge is not ideal.We must emphasize the importance of the oral health care and the oral health care knowledge education.

AIM:To study the effect of chronic corticosterone ( CORT) injection on the depression-like behav-iors and the brain glycogen level in mice.METHODS:Male C57BL/6N mice (n=40) were randomly divided into nor-mal control group and model group.The mice in model group were subcutaneously consecutively injected with CORT for 4 weeks.The mouse model of chronic stress depression was constructed.The forced swim test and open field experiment were conducted to prove chronic stress model.The serum level of CORT in the mice was measured by radioimmunoassay.The protein levels of hippocampal synaptophysin ( SYP) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF) were detected by West-ern blot.Hippocampus glycogen, glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase were determined by indirect fluorescence measurement.RESULTS:Compared with normal control group, the immobility time of the forced swim test in model group was significantly lengthened (P<0.01), and the ability of spontaneous activity was reduced (P<0.01), indicating that chronic CORT injection induced depression-like behaviors in mice.The CORT level increased significantly (P<0.01) in model group.CORT injection decreased the protein expression of hippocampal SYP and BDNF (P<0.01), reduced hipp-ocampal glycogen level (P<0.05) and glycogen synthase activity (P<0.05), and increased glycogen phosphorylase ac-tivity (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Chronic CORT injection causes hippocampal neuron damage and induces the depres-sion-like behaviors of mice, which may be associated with decreasing hippocampal glycogen level by CORT.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of total knee arthroplasty(TKA)in patients of osteo-arthris with valgus knee deformity after lateral meniscectomy(LMT). Methods Twenty six cases of osteo-arthris with valgus knee deformity after lateral meniscectomy were treated with total knee arthroplasty. Operation evaluations including the range of motion(ROM),the tibial and femur angle(T-F angle),Knee Society Score System(KSS)and the function score were performed as follow-up. Results The median follow-up periods was 22 months and ranged from 5 months to 3 years. The average ROM improved from 96° preoperatively to 116° at postoperatively. The average KSS improved from 22. 5 points preoperatively to 84. 4 points postoperatively. The average function score improved from 25. 5 points preoperatively to 84. 4 points postoperatively,and the average T-F angle was corrected from 22°( 13° - 31°) of valgus preoperatively to 7. 6°( 0° - 9°) of valgus postoperatively. Conclusion The TKA can provide excellent in patients undergoing osteo-arthris with valgus knee deformity after lateral meniscectomy.

Objective To study the effects of long-term injection of corticosterone (CORT) on the hippocampal astrocytes and synaptic plasticity in mice.Methods Male C57BL/6N mice (n=40) were randomly divided into control group and model group.Mice in the model group were treated with subcutaneous injection of CORT for 4 weeks to generate chronic stress depression model.Chronic stress model was proved to be established by tail suspension test and sucrose preference test and serum level of CORT was determined by radioimmunoassay.Protein expression levels of hippocampal synaptophysin (SYP) and postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) were detected by Western blot.Somal volume and protrusion length of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes were assayed by immunocytochemistry and quantitative stereological techniques.Results Immobility time in model group ((137.95±6.22) s) was significantly extended in comparison with that in the control group ((114.05 ± 4.12) s) (P＜ 0.01).Sucrose preference in the model group (62.42 ± 6.75)％ was lower than that in the control group (86.52±5.08)％ (P＜0.01).CORT levels in model group ((11.48±0.62) ng/ml) was significantly increased compared with that in the control group ((1.11±0.05) ng/ml) (P＜0.01).Hippocampal SYP (0.54±0.04) and PSD-95 (0.57±0.07) expression levels in model group were lower than those in the control group (0.99±0.14),(1.03±0.10) (P＜0.01).Somal volume in the model group ((132.04±9.23) μm3) and protrusion length ((1.39± 0.05) × 107 μm) was lower than that in the control group ((168.49±9.01)μm3),(1.77±0.10) × 107 μm) (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).SYP and PSD-95 expression level was found to be positively correlated with the reduction of the protrusion length(r=0.660,P＜0.01;r=0.614,P＜0.01)in astrocytes.Conclusion The results suggest that depression-like behavior-in-duced by long-term CORT treatment is possibly caused by the alternation of the synaptic plasticity associated with the reduction of the reducing the protrusion length.

Objective To study the effects of dexamethasone (DEX), recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP2), and combined application of rhBMP2 and DEX on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) in vitro. Methods HDPCs were cultured by tissue block method and identified. Effects of DEX, rhBMP2, and combined application of both on ALP activity of HDPCs were determined by a modified enzyme dynamical method. Results DEX could enhance ALP activity, reaching the peak value at the concentration of 0.01 nmol/ml. rhBMP2 could enhance ALP activity in a dose-dependent manner. ALP activity was significantly higher under the condition of combined application of DEX and rhBMP2 than single application of DEX or rhBMP2 only. Conclusion Both DEX and rhBMP2 can enhance ALP activity of HDPCs. However, combined application of DEX and rhBMP2 can greatly enhance ALP activity of HDPCs.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of preoperative use of high-dose simvastatin on the pulmonary artery pres-sure in congenital heart disease with left-to-right shunt. METHODS:86 patients with left-to-right shunt congenital heart disease who were planned to implement interventional occlusion therapy were randomly divided into control group(43 cases)and observa-tion group(43 cases). Patients in both groups were given digitalis,diuretics,anticoagulants and other basic treatments;On this basis, control group received Sildenafil citrate tablet,25 mg,3 times a day,orally given 1 h before a meal;observation group received Simvastatin tablet 80 mg,once every evening,orally. The treatment course for both groups was 7 d. Mean pulmonary hypertension (mPAP),N terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP),arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2),arterial oxygen ten-sion(PaO2),pulmonary blood circulation ratio(Qq/Qs),pulmonary pressure variation(Rp/Rs),pulmonary vascular resistance in-dex(PVRi)before and after treatment in 2 groups were observed,and related indicators of liver functions [alanine aminotransfer-ase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)] and myocardial enzymes [lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),creatine kinase MB(CK-MB)] were detected. The incidence of adverse reactions were deteted. RESULTS:Before treatment,there were no significant differ-ences in mPAP,NT-proBNP,SaO2,PaO2,Qq/Qs,Rp/Rs,PVRi,ALT,AST,LDH and CKMB levels in 2 groups(P>0.05). Af-ter treatment,mPAP,NT-proBNP,Rp/Rs and PVRi levels were significantly lower than before,SaO2,PaO2,and Qq/Qs levels were significantly higher than before and Qq/Qs level in observation group was higher than these in control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was 1 patient showed severe liver injury in observation group and exited the test;the other 85 patients showed no obvious adverse reactions,with successful surgery and good prognosis. CONCLUSIONS:The preoper-ative use of high-dose simvastatin shows obvious effect on controlling mean pulmonary hypertension,reducing mPAP,NT-proB-NP,Rp/Rs and PVRi levels and increasing SaO2,PaO2,and Qq/Qs levels before operation,with good safety.

BACKGROUND:Rehabilitation training equipments play an important role in the rehabilitation treatment. Because of poor muscle strength and joint mobility in patients, we must guarantee the safety of rehabilitation training equipments.
OBJECTIVE:To design a new suitable man-machine interface that ensures patients can use rehabilitation equipments and even parts of fitness equipments safely.
METHODS:Through user experience research, we found the flaws of the existing rehabilitation equipment. Depending on the principles of ergonomics, we designed a new man-machine interface for upper limb exercise through survey and computer-aided design.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The new man-machine interface program achieves the rapid wear and discharge between patients and rehabilitation training equipment, and importantly, it can automatical y separate people from the equipment when the patient's body discomforts or equipment failure appears. What’s more, this man-machine interface can be promoted to other fitness equipments. As a result, rehabilitation training for patients wil be more convenient.

A large number of literatures at home and abroad in recent years about Schisandrin B were viewed and its pharmacological effects were summarized. Schisandrin B has a variety of pharmacological activities, which can reduce transaminase activity in liver cells, inhibit lipid peroxidation, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotection, anti-tumor and so on. Its pharmacological effects are accurate and worthy of research and development as a potential drug.

BACKGROUND: The conical telescopic crown denture has a better long-term effect on dentition defects of few remaining teeth than the traditional removable denture. However, there are few studies to analyze the application of these two kinds of repair methods using the finite element method. OBJECTIVE: To compare the stress distribution of the isolated abutment tooth repaired using the conical telescopic crown denture and traditional removable denture. METHODS: Two-dimensional images of the mandible and dentition in healthy adults were scanned by CT. Three-dimensional finite element models of conical telescopic crown denture and traditional removable denture were established in the mandible only with the bilateral canines. Under the same vertical and oblique loadings, the maximum equivalent stress of the abutment, periodontal membrane or edentulous alveolar ridge was compared between two repair methods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under the vertical and oblique loadings, the total stress of abutment and periodontal membrane in the traditional removable denture was higher than that in the conical telescopic crown denture and the stress in the corresponding ring was concentrated obviously; the total stress of edentulous alveolar ridge in the conical telescopic crown denture was slightly larger than that in the traditional removable denture, but the stress was wel -distributed and concentrated in a smal area. Under the oblique loading, the total stress of abutment, periodontal membrane and edentulous alveolar ridge was higher than that under the vertical loading in these two dentures, and the stress was concentrated in the periodontal membrane of lingual neck, but the total stress in the traditional removable denture was larger, with a wider concentration range. These findings indicate that the stress on the supporting tissue of conical telescopic crown denture is more evenly distributed within a smal er range than that of traditional removable denture, and the former is more fit for the health of abutment, periodontal tissues and edentulous alveolar ridge.

Objective To review pharmacological mechanism, pharmacokinetics, clinical research progress and prospects of pradefovir, a liver targeted medicine for hepatitis B.Methods The studies of pradefovir were summarized by searching literature databases of Web of Science,Elsevier ScienceDirect,Springer Link,Wiley Online Library, Pubmed, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP datebase.Results Pradefovir is a prodrug that targets to the liver, which absorbs rapidly by oral administration.Pradefovir could be quickly converted to adefovir with hepatic drug metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4. Compared with adefovir dipivoxil, it has shown smaller nephrotoxicity and larger liver targeting.Conclusion Pradefovir has shown favorable safety and effectiveness in the clinical study and has no durg resistance to be found.The approval Ⅲ clinical trial has been acquired of pradefovir in USA and has enteredⅠ clinical trial currently in our country, which has good prospects for clinical application in future.