The Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Qinbaohong Zhike Oral Liquid in Treatment of Acute Bronchitis and Acute Attack of Chronic Bronchitis （GS/CACM 337-2023） was released by the China Association of Chinese Medicine on December 13^th， 2023. This expert consensus was developed by experts in methodology， pharmacy， and Chinese medicine in strict accordance with the development requirements of the China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） and based on the latest medical evidence and the clinical medication experience of well-known experts in the fields of respiratory medicine （pulmonary diseases） and pediatrics. This expert consensus defines the application of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid in the treatment of cough and excessive sputum caused by phlegm-heat obstructing lung， acute bronchitis， and acute attack of chronic bronchitis from the aspects of applicable populations， efficacy evaluation， usage， dosage， drug combination， and safety. It is expected to guide the rational drug use in medical and health institutions， give full play to the unique value of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid， and vigorously promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese patent medicines.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally,with only one Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug for its treatment.Given MASLD's complex pathophysiology,ther-apies that simultaneously target multiple pathways are highly desirable.One promising approach is dual-modulation of the famesoid X receptor(FXR),which regulates lipid and bile acid metabolism.However,FXR agonists alone are insufficient due to their limited anti-inflammatory effects.This study aimed to dto identify natural products capable of both FXR activation and inflammation inhibition to provide a comprehensive therapeutic approach for MASLD.Potential FXR ligands from the Natural Product Library were predicted via virtual screening using the Protein Preparation Wizard module in Schrodinger(2018)for molecular docking.Direct binding and regulation of candidate compounds on FXR were analyzed using surface plasmon resonance(SPR)binding assay,reporter gene ana-lysis,and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The anti-inflammatory properties of these compounds were eval-uated in AML12 cells treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α).Dual-function compounds with FXR agonism and inflamma-tion inhibition were further identified in cells transfected with Fxr siRNA and treated with TNF-α.The effects of these dual-function compounds on lipid accumulation and inflammation were evaluated in cells treated with palmitic acid.Results revealed that 17 natural products were predicted via computational molecular docking as potential FXR agonists,with 15 exhibiting a strong affinity for FXR recombinant protein.Nine isoflavone compounds significantly enhanced FXR reporter luciferase activity and the mRNA expressions of Shp and Ostb.Structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that introducing isopropyl or methoxy groups at the C7 position or a methoxy group at the C6 position could enhance the agonistic efficacy of isoflavones.Three compounds(2,6,and 8)were identified as dual-function natural products functioning as FXR agonists and inflammatory inhibitors,while one compound(12)acted as an FXR agonist to inhibit inflammation.These natural products protected hepatocytes against palmitic acid-induced lipid accumulation and in-flammation.In conclusion,compounds 2,6,and 8(genistein,biochanin A,and 7-methoxyisoflavone,respectively)were identified as dual-function bioactive products that transactivate FXR and inhibit inflammation,serving as potential candidates or lead compounds for MASLD therapy.

Objective:To comprehensively evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of pulse radiofrequency therapy for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) with cardiovascular disease (CVD).Methods:A total of 132 patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from March 2022 to February 2024 were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method. Group A (65 cases) received ultrasound-guided pulse radiofrequency treatment of the hidden nerve, while group B (67 cases) received oral etoposide tablets and intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate. Basic data such as age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), knee joint function grading (K-L grading), and distribution of cardiovascular disease types were recorded between the two groups. The degree of knee joint pain [Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score] and Knee Joint Function Score (OKS), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) scores and incidence of complications. were compared between the two groups at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment.Results:The VAS score of group A showed a slow decreasing trend from 1 week to 6 months after treatment. The VAS score of group B decreased to the lowest level one week after treatment and gradually increased within 6 months after treatment. The VAS scores of both groups improved after 1 week of treatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months of treatment compared to preoperative levels ( F=703.955, P<0.001), and the degree of postoperative pain improvement in the group A was better than that in the group B ( F=106.575, P<0.001). The OKS of both groups decreased significantly after 1 week of treatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months of treatment, and the time effect was statistically significant ( F=2 233.447, P<0.001). The OKS of the group A was lower than that of group B after 1 week of treatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months of treatment, and the difference was statistically significant ( F=141.214, P<0.001). The AIS scores improved significantly after 6 months of treatment compared to preoperative levels ( F=1 044.424, P<0.001), and the group A had better AIS scores than the group B at 1, 3, and 6 months of treatment, with statistically significant differences ( F=124.864, P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Ultrasound guided pulsed radiofrequency treatment of KOA with CVD can significantly alleviate postoperative pain, improve joint mobility and sleep quality, and is more effective than traditional conservative treatment of oral etoposide tablets combined with intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate.

Objective To evaluate the effects of Baihe Gujin Decoction on long-term survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)receiving radiotherapy(RT)in the real world.Methods Retrospective data from patients with NSCLC receiving RT in the Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)and data from patients in the Surveillance,Epidemiology and End Results(SEER)database were collected and grouped as the TCM+conventional Western medicine(CWM)cohort and CWM cohort,respectively.Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to balance confounders between groups.Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression model were used to estimate the effects of Baihe Gujin Decoction on survival outcomes of patients receiving RT.Results Totally 190 samples with a balance between groups were obtained using PSM.Overall survival(OS)analysis showed that the TCM+CWM cohort had significantly longer OS than the CWM cohort(P=0.004).Subgroup analysis showed that the Baihe Gujin Decoction was more advantageous in the characteristic population of age≥65 years(P=0.027),male(P=0.010),T3-T4 stage(P<0.001),N2-N3 stage(P=0.026),M1 stage(P<0.001),not receiving chemotherapy(P<0.001),and not undergoing surgery(P<0.001).Multivariate Cox regression confirmed that treatment group(P=0.003),T(P=0.003)and M stages(P=0.002)may be the independent prognostic factors for OS of NSCLC patients treated with RT.Conclusion Baihe Gujin Decoction probably can improve the long-term prognosis in NSCLC patients treatment with RT.

The reprogramming of lipid metabolism is a significant factor influencing various aspects of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,including its occurrence,development,metastasis,and resistance to radio-chemotherapy.There is a considerable elevation in the expression levels of enzymes and genes related to lipid metabolism in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues.This up-regulation is associated with both treatment resistance and a poor prognosis.This review focuses mainly on alterations in lipid metabolism in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.It systematically explores the atypical expression and clinical significance of lipid metabolism-related enzymes,evaluates their influence on treatment resistance,elucidates the underlying mechanisms of this resistance,and discus-ses current and potential targeted therapeutic approaches.The comprehensive analysis comprises four pivotal aspects:de novo lipogene-sis,fatty acid oxidation,glycerophospholipids metabolism,and mevalonate and cholesterol synthesis pathways.Feasible strategies,such as the adjustment of dietary structure,the administration of multi-target drugs,and the utilization of combination treatment thera-pies,are deliberated as potential interventions to modulate lipid metabolism,reverse treatment resistance,and enhance the efficacy of anti-cancer treatments.

Head and neck cancer is the seventh most common cancer in the world,accounting for about 10%of all malignant tumors.Radiotherapy is an important treatment for head and neck cancer.Osteonecrosis of the jaws(ORNJ)is a refractory complication after ra-diotherapy for head and neck cancer,which often manifests as osteonecrosis of the jaw and soft tissue exposure.The current pathogene-sis of ORNJ has not been fully clarified and its treatment remains challenging.The traditional treatment for this disease is partial resec-tion of necrotic jaw bone and reconstruction with osteocutaneous flap.However,in recent years,some new techniques and ideas have been used to treat the disease.For mild osteoradionecrosis of the jaw,the treatment concept tends to be conservative.This article mainly summarizes the latest research progress at home and abroad,and reviews the pathogenesis,clinical manifestations and treatment strate-gies for osteoradionecrosis of the jaws.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided pulse radiofrequency(PRF)treatment of the saphenous nerve for knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Methods A total of 289 KOA patients were followed up from March 2021 to October 2023 and divided into PRF group(group A,n=142)and conservative treatment group(group B,n=147)according to different treatment methods.Pain degree(VAS),knee function(OKS),and sleep quality(AIS)of the two groups were recorded before treatment and at 1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months after treatment;the occurrence of complications was recorded for comparison between the two groups.Results After treatment,VAS,OKS and AIS scores in both groups decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.001).In addition,the scores of group A showed a gradual downward trend 6 months after surgery,while the scores of group B showed an overall upward trend 6 months after surgery.The scores of VAS and OKS were significantly lower in group A than in group B from 1 week to 6 months after surgery(P＜0.001).The AIS score of group A was much lower than that of group B from 1 month to 6 months after surgery(P＜0.001).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P=0.236).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided PRF treatment of the saphenous nerve is better than conservative treatment because it can better reduce pain and improve knee joint mobility and sleep in patients with KOA.

[Objective] To compare the clinical efficacy of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) in patients with acute herpes zoster neuralgia (AHN) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). [Methods] A retrospective analysis was made on 287 patients with thoracic herpes zoster related pain. The patients were divided into acute herpes zoster neuralgia group (group AHN, within 3 months) and PHN group (group PHN, over 3 months) according to the onset time of herpes zoster. Pain degree (VAS), sleep quality (AIS), anxiety and depression (GAD-7 and PHQ-9) at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after the procedure were analyzed and compared between the two groups. [Results] The scores of VAS, AIS, GAD-7 and PHQ-9 significantly decreased in both groups after surgery (P<0.001). The four scores decreased more in AHN group than in PHN group from 1 to 12 months after surgery (P<0.001). After 12 months of follow-up, there were fewer cases of taking oral pregabalin and opioids in the former group than in the latter group (P=0.001). [Conclusion] PRF has a good therapeutic effect on herpes zoster related pain and is better than PHN in relieving pain, improving sleep and anxiety and depression in AHN, or can prevent PHN.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with lower cervical fracture is often categorized into unstable fracture, with a high incidence of neurological injury and a high rate of disability and morbidity. As factors such as shoulder occlusion may affect the accuracy of X-ray imaging diagnosis, it is often easily misdiagnosed at the primary diagnosis. Non-operative treatment has complications such as bone nonunion and the possibility of secondary neurological damage, while the timing, access and choice of surgical treatment are still controversial. Currently, there are no clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture with or without dislocation. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate Clinical guidelines for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis combined with lower cervical fracture in adults ( version 2024) in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine, scientificity and practicality, in which 11 recommendations were put forward in terms of the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, typing and treatment, etc, to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture.

Objective To investigate the activity of Acorus tatarinowii extracts against dust mites, and to isolate and characterize active ingredient of A. tatarinowii extracts. Methods The essential oil components were extracted from A. tatarinowii rhizome powder by rotary evaporation with methanol as solvents, followed by petroleum ether extraction and rotary evaporation. The essential oil was mixed with Tween-80 at a ratio of 1:1 and diluted into concentrations of 1.000 00%, 0.500 00%, 0.250 00%, 0.125 00%, 0.062 50% and 0.031 25%, while diluted Tween-80 served as controls. A. tatarinowii essential oil at each concentration (200 μL) was transferred evenly to filter papers containing 100 adult mites, with each test repeated in triplicate, and controls were assigned for each concentration. Following treatment at 25 °C and 75% relative humidity for 24 h, the mean corrected mortality of mites was calculated. The essential oil components were separated by silica gel column chromatography, and the essential oil was prepared in the positive column of medium pressure; and then, each component was collected. Silica gel column chromatography was run with the mobile phase that consisted of petroleum ether solution containing 10% ethyl acetate and pure ethyl acetate, detection wavelength of 254 nm, positive silica gel column as the chromatography column, and room temperature as the column temperature. Each component of the purified A. tatarinowii essential oil was diluted into 1.000 00% for acaricidal tests. The components with less than 100% acaricidal activity were discarded, and the remaining components were diluted into 50% of the previous-round tests for subsequent acaricidal tests. The components with acaricidal activity were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and pulsed-Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The structure of active monomer compounds was determined by standard spectral library retrieval and literature review. Results A. tatarinowii essential oil at concentrations of 1.000 00%, 0.500 00%, 0.250 00% and 0.125 00% killed all dust mites, and the corrected mortality was all 100%. Exposure to A. tatarinowii extracts at an effective concentration of 0.062 50% for 24 hours resulted in 94.33% mortality of dust mites. Six components (A to F) were separated using gel column chromatography, and components D and E both showed a 100% acaricidal activity against dust mites at a concentration of 0.50000%. In addition, Component D was identified as isoeugenol methyl ether, and Component E as β-asarinol. Conclusion The extract of A. tatarinowii essential oil has acaricidal activity, and the isoeugenol methyl ether shows a remarkable acaricidal activity against dust mites.