In allusion to the defects of traditional electronic sphygmomanometer in deflation process,this paper puts forward an innovative way which accomplishes the measure of blood pressure during charge process based on oscillometric method.It is proved to be more energy-saving,more subminiature,less measuring time and more stable for individual.

In this paper,the mechanism,instrument design and clinical applications of interference electrotherapy in promoting bone healing are described.A new kind of electrotherapeutical instrument for bone injury is developed.With the variety of waveform and characterisics of easy operation,high intelligence and reliability,the instrument is improved obviously with the use of Single Chip Microcomputer.At the same time ,60cases with fracture were treated by interfere current stimulation in clinical research.It is achieved in accelerating bone healing,detumescence,comeback of tonicity.

Objective To apply the techniques of CAD/CAM in the repair of defects and correction of deformity on the jaw bones so as to improve the accuracy and controllability of operations.Methods With CAD techniques,3D bone model was reconstructed based on CT images.Then,a repairing model was created with mirror operation on original model.The physical models of original model and repairing model were fabricated through rapid prototyping.Based on physical models,operation plan and model surgery with pre-forming plate could be designed.Results The designed operation plan and pre-forming plate techniques of CAD/CAM were successfully applied in eight patients,with satisfactory results.Conclusions With techniques of CAD/CAM,reconstructing and fabricating the original bone model and mirror repair model are very helpful for designing operation plan for maxillofacial surgery.It also can improve the surgery accuracy and save operation time obviously.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality creteria of Dendrobium denneanum cultivated in Sichuan.METHODS: The reference substance had been isolated and identified.HPLC and TLC were applied for determination and identification respectively.RESULTS: The coumarin control had been successfully isolated and the TLC spots were clear.The linear range of coumarin was 0.096～0.480 ?g with an average recovery of 99.1%(RSD=1.44%,n=6).CONCLUSION: The results can overall reflect the internal quality of D.denneanum cultivated in Sichuan and provide basis for quality evaluation and development of D.denneanum from Sichuan.

AIM: human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is the catalytic subunit of telomerase, and hTERT mRNA expression contributes to telomerase activity. We therefore assessed the significance of hTERT expression in the biological behavior of giant cell tumor(GCT) of bone. METHODS: In situ hybridization was used to identify the expression of hTERT mRNA in 27 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded clinical specimens from human GCT. RESULTS: 8 cases (8/27)displayed positive hTERT mRNA signal, positive hTERT mRNA signal located in the cytoplasms of mononuclear stromal cells and some multinuclear giant cells. CONCLUSION: The expression of telomerase in paraffin-embedded tissue can be evaluated efficiently and effectively by in situ hybridization, and the results suggest that there may be a neoplastic multinuclear giant cell type in human GCT.

OBJECTIVE:To study the chemical constitutes of Ligusticum chuanxiong and to establish the method for the content determination of ligustilide. METHODS:The compounds were extracted and percolated by ethanol. Then the samples were separated using silica gel and identified by 1H-NMR,13C-NMR data.HPLC was used to assay the contents of ligustilide. RESULTS:Three compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as Z-ligustilide,Z-6,8',7,3'-diligustilide and Z,Z'-6,6',7,3'a-diligustilide. The contents of ligustilide were no less than 0.70%.CONCLUSION:The separation method can be used to prepare high-purity ligustilide reference substance. And the determination method can be used for quality control of L. chuanxiong.

[Objective]This study was designed to construct a recombinant adenovirus vector contains LMP-1 gene,and investigate the osteoinductive activity of MSC which were transfected recombinated adenoviral vector carrying LMP-1 gene.[Methods]Total RNA was extracted from mt osteoblast and the LMP-1 gene was acquired by RT-PCR,the LMP-1 gene and entry vector pENTR/D-TOPO were used to create the entry clone with the directional TOPO clone technology,then the entry clone and the expression vector were used to create the expression clone throush the LR recombination reaction.The adenovirus expression clone was linearized by PacI and transfected to the 293A cell line to harvest a high titer.Ad-LMP-1 was infected into the 3rd passage MSC,the expression of LMP-1 was detected by Western blot.The osteogenic activity of MSC was evaluated by the expression of collagen Ⅰ,ALP,osteocalcin and the formation of bone nodule.[Result]The LMP-1 gene was successfully acquired and confirmed,the entry clone and the expression clone were both verified by enzymes digestion,and the expression clone was further confirmed by sequenced.The expression of LMP-1 was detected successfully in MSC.The increasing expression of collagen Ⅰ,osteocalcin.ALP and bone nodule were observed by comparing to the control group.[Conclusion]Gateway technology not only make construction of the pAd-LMP-1 recombination adenovirus vector simple and fast,but also get a high transfection efficacy in MSC.LMP-1 gene can induce the osteoblast differention of MSCs,and improve its osteogenic activity.The adenovirus vector is reliable to be used in further gene therapy research.

Objective To study the incidence and prognosis of avascular necrosis after talus fracture. Methods A retrospective survey was performed in 12 patients ( 13 feet) with talus fractures admitted into hospital from July 2004 to November 2009 to analyze necrosis rate, ankle function recovery and disability rate. According to Hawkin' s classification system, there were two patients with type Ⅰ feet, four with type Ⅱ feet, five with type Ⅲ feet and two with type Ⅳ feet. Results All patients were followed up for average period of 19.6 months (range 11-52 months). Avascular necrosis was detected in eight feet, of which one foot was treated with ankle fusion, one with subtalar arthrodesis and one with bone implantation. The other five feet had good ankle and subtalar function, with no collapse or osteoarthritis. According to Maryland foot score, the result was excellent in eight patients, good in two, fair in one and failure in two, with excellence rate of 77%. Conclusion The incidence of avascular necrosis after talus fracture is related to the location and energy of trauma. However, the function prognosis of the talus shows no correlation with necrosis.

BACKGROUND:How to obtain sufficient autogeneic chondrocytes is a problem which must be answered as soon as possible in both the transplantation of chondrocytes and the development of cartilage engineering.Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells have the potential of multidirectional differentiation. Under different induced conditions, they can differentiate into multiple tissue cells, such as chondrocyte, osteoblasts , sarcoblast, nerve cells and so on. Insulin-like growth factor-I plays an important role in regulating the formation and development of limb and cartilage.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of the insulin-like growth factor-I and culture solution of chondrocyte on inducing bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into chondrocytes in vitro.DESIGN:Open experiment.MATERIALS:This experiment was carried out at the Medical Study Center, Second Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University from March to November 2003.Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were harvested from 4 to 6-month old embryos, all of which were from pregnant women who needed to terminate of pregnancy by induction delivery with water bag for health.METHODS:Human embryonic mesenchymal stem cells were isolated with Percoll separating medium. Subsequently, the cells were amplified in vitro,and the expression of surface makers of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, such as CD44, CD71, CD34 and CD45 were measured with flow cytometer to identify the cells in our experiment. 100 μg/L insulin-like growth factors and culture solution of chondrocytes were added in the culture medium of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells of the fourth generation. The morphological changes of induced cells were observed with an inverted microscope. The expression of type Ⅱ cartilage matrix was observed by collogen immunohistochemistry. The proteoglycan level in the cells was detected, too.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Phenotype of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells was identified through detecting the expressions of CD34, CD44 and CD4.Type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemistry and the change of cellular ability to secrete proteoglycan after induction were observed to determine whether bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into chondrocytes.RESULTS: ① Being observed under an inverted microscope,the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells presented a morphology like fibroblasts when they were cultured in vitro. ②Identification of surface antigen of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells: These cells were detected to have good homogenicity with flow cytometer. The fourth generation of bone marrow-derived stem cells positively expressed CD44, negatively expressed CD34 and CD45, suggesting these cells had the characteristics of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. ③Observation of the morphological change of chondrocytes induced by bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells under optical microscope: chondrocyte condition culture solution and insulin-like growth factors-Ⅰ were added to co-culture.During the process of culture, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seen to have a shape of round gradually. Fifteen days later, some cells presented a shape of short-shuttle or polygon with short mutations,which were the shape characteristics of chondrocytes. ④Immunohistochemical staining of Type Ⅱ collagen: In the insulin-like growth factor group,72.5% cells had many brown granules in cytoplasm, which were weakly positive or strongly positive expression of Type Ⅱ collagen. In the control group, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells was negative expression of type Ⅱ collagen on the 15th day. ⑤ Measurement of proteoglycan level: After co-culture with insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ and chondrocyte culture solution for 15 days, proteoglycan was higher in the cells of co-culture group [ (8.92±0.91) μg/L ] than in culture group [(2.56±0.26) μg/L,P ＜ 0.05], but lower than in the chondrocyte group[(13.69±1.51) μg/L, P＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION:Insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ and chondrocyte culture solution can induce bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into chondrocytes.

Objective To study the relationship between the change in serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and endostatin (ES) after trascatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and the prognosis of patients with liver carcinoma. Methods Serum VEGF and endostatin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay in 120 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before and a week after TACE.Results Among patients with large (diameter ≥5 cm) tumors , the serum levels of ES and VEGF before and after TACE are 43.35 ( ±9.80),48.35 ( ± 10.89), 310.23 (±64.31) ,and 369.10 ( ±60. 11) ng/ml respectively. Among patients with portal vein tumor thrombus, the corresponding figures are 54.28 (±8.78 ),50.28 (±7.51), 331.26 (±63.38) and 400.29 (±60.98) ng/ml. The levels of VEGF and ES were significantly related to the presence of portal vein tumor thrombus, the clinicopathological grade and size of the tumor(P ＜0.05 ). Patients with a higher grade tumor were more likely to have elevated levels of VEGF and ES.So are patients with more advanced stage tumors. In addition, higher levels of VEGF and ES in serum are associated with worse survival. Conclusion Elevated serum VEGF and endostatin levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are closely correlated with the grade and size of the tumor, and the presence of portal vein tumor thrombus. Serum VEGF and ES level may be used for predicting the biological behavior, invasion, metastasis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.