A novel type of carbon nanotube-coated Au nanoparticle and [bmim]BF4 composite modified glassy carbon electrode was fabricated by a layer-by-layer self-assembly technique. The electrochemical performance of acetaminophen (ACOP) on the modified electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The Nafion/GNPs/RTIL/MWNTs/GC electrode showed an excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of ACOP and accelerated electron transfer between the electrode and ACOP. For ACOP, the reversible electrochemical process was observed on the Nafion/GNPs/RTIL/MWNTs/GC electrode, while irreversible electrochemical process occurred on the GC electrode. For the Nafion/GNPs/RTIL/MWNTs/GC electrode, the anodic peak potential of ACOP was moved from 0.562 V to 0.413 V, with a potential drop of 149 mV. At the same time, the reduction peak potential was 0.384 V, and the potential difference was only 29 mV. It was shown that the modified electrode possessed higher electrocatalytic activity and more sensitive effect for the detection of ACOP than both MWNTs/GC electrode and GC electrode. The effects of the different experimental conditions on the electrochemical behaviors of ACOP were explored. Under the optimum conditions of preparation and experimental, the linear calibration curves of ACOP were obtained in a wide range of 2 x 10(-1) to 4.0 x 10(-4) mol x L(-1) with a correlation coefficient 0.999 2 and a detection limit of 2.6 x 10(-8) mol x L(-1) (the ratio of signal to noise, 3:1). The recovery rate was 97.9%-100.8%. This method can be used to determine ACOP in paracetamol tablets with satisfactory results.

Objective In this study,we elucidated the role of high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB1) in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat and the antagonist role of ethyl pyruvate by using a rat model of CIA as the research object by comparing the expression of HMGB1 in normal control group,CIA model group and ethyl pyruvate group.Methods Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=12):normal control group,CIA group and ethyl pyruvate group.Then the 6 rats were dissected at the 6th,9th week respectively.Thc expression of HMGB1 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Pathology-image analysis software in the cytoplasma.The expression of HMGB1 mRNA with real time-polymerse chain reaction (PCR) was evaluate,and the HMGB1 expression of each group were compared with t-test.Results The immunohistochemical results of HMGB1 showed that the expression intensity in the normal control group,CIA model group and ethyl pyruvate group was 2.1±0.6,7.3±1.2,6.0±1.2 respectively at the 6th week; and 2.2±0.7,12.4±4.5,5.5±1.0 at the 9th week respectively.The HMGB1 mRNA real time-PCR results had shown that the relative quantification of the normal control group and CIA model group were 1,2.865,2.602respectively at the 6th week and 1.005,4.694,1.729 at the 9th week.At those two points, the HMGB1 expressions of HMGB1 antagonist group were significantly higher than those of the normal controls (P＜0.05).In addition,there was statistical significant difference(P＜0.05) in the HMGB1 expression when compared with the placebo group.Furthermore, when the degree of HMGB1 expression among the three groups was compared,the HMGB1 antagonist group was decreased significantly (P＜0.05).Conclusion The results has demonstrated that HMGB1 could induce inflammation in the synovial tissue of CIA rats,and has provided the rationale that HMBG 1 could be the target of treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA).The results of this study have shown that ethyl pyruvate could antagonize the effect of HMGB1.This finding may provide a new therapeutic target for the treatment of RA.

Objective To measure serum surfactant protein (SP) A and D levels in patients with interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods Serum SP-A and SP-D levels of RA,RA-ILD patients and healthy controls were assessed using a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The relationship between SP-A and SP-D and RA-ILD was analyzed.The serum SP-A and SP-Dpositive rate was calculated for the three groups.The correlation between SP-A and SP-D with RF,anti-CCP,antinuclear antibody,antikeratin antibody,anti-perinuclear factor,C-reactive protein,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,were analyzed.Mean value of groups were compared with variance analysis,Spearmam rank correlation test was used for correlation analysis.Results The levels of serum SP-A in RA-ILD patients and RA patients as well as in healthy controls were [ (51.2±9.2),(25.9±2.6),( 15A±0.3 ) μg/L] respectively.The level of serum SP-D of the three groups was [ ( 42.5 ±8.1 ),(20.8 ± 1.5 ),( 16.6±0.8 ) μg/L ] respectively.The levels of serum SP-A and SP-D in patients with RA complicated with ILD were higher than those simple RA patients and healthy controls (P＜0.05).The levels of serum SP-A and SP-D in patients with RA were not significantly higher than those in healthy controls (P＞0.05).The positive rate of serum SP-A and SP-D in RA-ILD patients were significantly higher than those in simple RA patients and healthy controls.The positive rate of serum SP-D of RA-ILD patients was higher than that of SP-A.The levels of serum SP-A and SP-D in patients with RA complicated with ILD were correlated positively with age,C-reactive protein.The level of serum SP-D was correlated positively with RF,anti-CCP,antikeratin antibody.There was no correlation between the level of serum SP-A and SP-D with RA-ILD and antinuclear antibody,antiperinuclear factor,erythrocyte sedimentation rate.Conclusion The levels of serum SP-A and SP-D are correlated with RA-ILD and may be useful markers for ILD in patients with RA.These two paramenters may be helpful to early diagnosis of RA-ILD.The Serum SP-D levels are more sensitive in predicting the development of RA-ILD than other parameters and can help in assessing the severity of lung damage.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and prognosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM). Methods The clinical data of 107 DM related ILD,and its frequency rate was 26.2%. Arthritis as the first symptom had a higher presenting rate in patients with ILD than in patients with non- ILD. Arthritis, dry cough and short of breath occurred more dyspnea presented in patients with DM-ILD, and there was serious myalgia and muscle weakness in patients More DM-ILD patients had high HBDH and AST than those in PM-ILD. High CK and CK-MB were more The 7 of 8 severe cases had DM-ILD in which 5 died of respiratory failure (death rate was 17.9% in PM/elevated ESR and CRP tend to complicate with ILD. The DM patients who have characteristic skin rashes and high AST level are prone to develop ILD. The PM patients who have high CK and CK-MB are susceptible to

Objective: To investigate the histomorpholgic spectrum, immunophenotypic, and molecular genetic features of Sertoli cell tumor, not otherwise specified (SCT, NOS) of the testis. Methods: Seven cases of SCT, NOS of the testis were analyzed(4 from Peking University Third Hospital and 3 from Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital) between 2008 and 2017. The histopathologic features were examined based on HE staining, and EnVision method was used for immunohistochemistry staining of calretinin, inhibin, β-catenin, cyclinD1, CD10, CKpan, neuroendocrine markers, WT1, Melan A, vimentin, SALL4, GATA3, PAX8, and S-100 protein. Mutational analysis of exon 3 of the CTNNB1 gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified sequences and direct sequencing was performed. Results: Patients ages ranged from 22 to 65 years (mean 43 years). The clinical manifestation in all was a slowly enlarging, painless testicular mass.The maximum diameter of the tumor ranged from 1.5 cm to 3.0 cm (mean 2.1 cm). Sectioning usually disclosed a tan-gray to white mass with vague lobular cut-surface. Microscopically, the tumors were well circumscribed and non-encapsulated; the tumor cells were rearranged in multiple growth patterns from diffuse solid sheets to trabeculae and cords, ribbon and solid or hollow tubules setting in variable amount of acellular fibrous stroma. Two cases showed acellular collagenous stroma constituted >50% of the tumor confirming to the diagnosis of sclerosing SCT. One case demonstrated a prominent myxoid stromal change. The tumor cells typically had moderate amounts of pale to lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm, 2 tumors had variable cells with abundant lipid-rich cytoplasm, and 1 other tumor showed scattered aggregates of multinucleated tumor cells. The tumor cells were bland-appearing without any evidence of atypia, mitoses were noted in 2 tumors (both were 1/50 HPF), but necrosis was absent. Immunohistochemical staining results as follows: vimentin (diffuse, 7/7), CD10 (diffuse membrane, 7/7); diffuse β-catenin nuclear and cytoplasm staining in 5 of 7 cases, and all the 5 cases showed diffuse cyclin D1 nuclear staining, β-catenin membrane staining in 2 of 7 cases, CKpan (5/7, focal or diffuse), calretinin (focal, 5/6), inhibin (focal, 3/7), synaptophysin (focal, 2/6), CD56 (focal or diffuse, 4/5), WT1 (diffuse nuclear, 4/5), and S-100 protein (diffuse, 3/7), and chromogranin A, Melan A, PAX8, GATA3 and SALL4 all were negative. Molecular genetic studies of PCR and direct sequencing showed CTNNB1 mutations in 4 of 7 (4/7) cases, 4 of the four mutation-carrying cases showed diffuse β-catenin nuclear and cytoplasm immunoreactivity and diffuse cyclin D1 nuclear immunoreactivity in the tumor cells. Conclusions SCT, NOS of the testis typically shows significant heterogeneities in both morphology and immunohistochemistry, thus causing differential diagnostic confusions. Molecular analyses showed mutations of exon 3 of CTNNB1 in more than half of these tumors, and nuclear accumulation of β-catenin and over expression of cyclin D1 can be useful for the differential diagnosis of SCT, NOS.

Objective:To investigate the preschool period neurodevelopmental status and analyze the perioperative data which associated with delayed neurodevelopment in patients underwent antergrade cerebral perfusion(ACP).Methods:To access the preschool period neurodevelopmental status in patients underwent ACP using Griffiths mental development scale-Chinese(GDS-C). Patients were classified as normal development group(ND) and low development group(LD) depending on the outcomes of assessment. Perioperative data including age, weight, CPB time, aortic cross-clamp time, mean arterial pressure, ACP time and flow were analyzed retrospectively.Results:62 children who met the inclusion criteria, of which 19 were accessed by GDS-C scale. Fourteen cases were lagged in general quotient(GQ) compared with normal children. The outcomes of assessment in six subscales of GDS-C scale indicated that 13 cases were delayed in language(C) and practical reasoning(F). Eight cases were delayed in locomotor(A) and personal-social(B). Eleven cases were delayed in eye-hand coordination(D). Ten cases were delayed in performance(E). The children in LD group had significant longer CPB time and aortic cross-clamp time than those in ND group. There were no differences between two groups in other perioperative data.Conclusion:The incidence of preschool period neurodevelopmental delay after ACP in infants is relatively high. In detailed analysis, their language and practical reasoning ability are lagged significantly. In addition, the longer time of CPB and aortic cross-clamp are associated with the neurodevelopmental delay.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma on the urinary metabolites of gerbils with stroke by non-targeted metabolomics technique， and then to clarify the mechanism of the two， as well as their similarities and differences. MethodTwenty-four gerbils were randomly divided into control group（CG）， model group（MG）， Aconiti Coreani Radix group（RA） and Typhonii Rhizoma group（RT）. Except for the CG， ischemic stroke model was constructed using right unilateral ligation of gerbil carotid artery in the remaining groups. Except for the CG and MG， rats in the other groups received whole powder suspension（0.586 mg·g^-1） was administered for 14 days. The neurological deficit in each group was scored by Longa scoring on days 0， 3， 7 and 14. After the end of administration， the serum， brain tissue and urine of gerbils in each group were collected， and the rate of cerebral infarction was detected by 2，3，5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride（TTC）， and the levels of interleukin（IL）-6， tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α， malondialdehyde（MDA）， superoxide dismutase（SOD）， glutathione（GSH）， and nitric oxide（NO） in serum and brain tissue were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The urine metabolomics of gerbils in each group was studied by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS）， and the data were processed by multivariate statistical analysis， and differential metabolites were screened based on value of variable importance in the projection（VIP） of the first principal component>1 and t-test P<0.05. Metabolic pathway analysis of the screened differential metabolites was performed using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） database and Metaboanalyst 5.0. ResultCompared with the CG， the neurological deficit score was significantly increased in the MG（P<0.05）， compared with the MG， the neurological deficit scores in the RA and RT were significantly reduced after 7 d and 14 d（P<0.05）. Compared with the CG， the rate of cerebral infarction was significantly increased in the MG（P<0.05）， compared with the MG， the rates of cerebral infarction in the RA and RT were significantly reduced（P<0.05）. Compared with the CG， the levels of IL-6， TNF-α， and MDA in the serum and brain tissue of gerbils from the MG were significantly increased（P<0.05）， and the levels of SOD， GSH and NO were significantly reduced（P<0.05）. Compared with the MG， Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma could down-regulate the levels of IL-6， TNF-α and MDA， and up-regulated the levels of SOD， GSH and NO. A total of 112 endogenous differential metabolites were screened by urine metabolomics， of which 16 and 26 metabolites were called back by Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma， and could be used as potential biomarkers for both treatments in stroke gerbils， respectively. The results of the pathway analysis showed that both Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma had regulatory effects on arginine and proline metabolism， pyrimidine metabolism， and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. In addition， Aconiti Coreani Radix could also regulate riboflavin metabolism， Typhonii Rhizoma could also regulate purine metabolism， glycine， serine and threonine metabolism， arachidonic acid metabolism， biosynthesis of pantothenate and coenzyme A， and β-alanine metabolism. ConclusionBoth Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma have better therapeutic effects on stroke， with Aconiti Coreani Radix having stronger effects. From the metabolomics results， the main metabolic pathways regulated by Aconiti Coreani Radix involve amino acid metabolism， oxidative stress and so on， while Typhonii Rhizoma mainly involve amino acid metabolism， lipid metabolism， energy metabolism， etc.