OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Yanyan pills.METHODS: The constituents such as Lysimachia christinae,Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae and Radix Astragali were identified qualitatively by TLC,and the content of caffeotannic acid in L.christinae was determined by HPLC.RESULTS: The TLC spots were distinctive and well-isolated.The linear range of caffeotannic acid was 0.036～0.18 ?g(r=0.999 9)with an average recovery of 100.8%(RSD=0.67%,n=6).CONCLUSION: The established standard is applicable for the quality control of Yanyan pills.

OBJECTIVE:To study the mechanism and location of absorption of DZ18.METHODS:In this study,improved intestinal absorption experiments(in vivo,in vitro)were used to study the absorption of DZ18in rats.RESULTS:It was found that there was no significant difference in absorptive rate in rats between without and with bile duct ligation.The cumulative percentages of absorption were59.2%and58.8%.CONCLUSION:There are no significant differences among the absorptive rates at different parts of small intestine in rats,which shows that there is no specificity of intestinal segments in absorption.

Objective To investigate the selection of recipients,operative technique, and perioperative management of lung transplantation.Methods From June 2013 to September 2016, 9 patients with pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis un-derwent lung transplantation at Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital.There were 9 females aged from 23 to 52 years.Chest en-hancement of CT in 9 patients prior to transplantation suggests multiple different sized thin-walled cystic shadows in whole lung. Nine patients received bilateral sequence lung transplantation ( BSLT) .The pathological findings after the operation indicated that cells of the abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle diffused around the bronchi , vessels and lymphatics , and widened the alveolar septum, which was consistent with the pathological changes in the patients with PLAM .We analyzed the differences of oxygenation index, forcedexpiratory volume at 1 sec(FEV1), and DLCO％ pred.Using paired t test to compare these indica-tors, P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The oxygenation index was increased from(210 ±55) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) to(400 ±80)mmHg after treatment, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The FEV1 was increased from(1.0 ±0.2)L to(2.8 ±0.4)L, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The DLCO％pred was increased from(27.5 ±2.5)％ to(75.0 ±10.0)％, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Fi-nally, 8 patients were discharged from the hospital, and the pulmonary function was good.1 patients died of infection and acute rejection on the 13 day after operation.Conclusion Lung transplantation is effective in the treatment of chronic thromboem-bolic pulmonary hypertension , and long-term survival requires further investigations .Lung transplantation is the only effective means for the treatment of end-stage pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis .Bilateral sequence lung transplantation is the first choice.

Objective To investigate the selection of recipients,operative technique,and perioperative management of lung transplantation for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.Methods This article reviews the clinical data of 6 patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension receiving lung transplantation from January 2012 to June 2016.From January 2012 to June 2016,6 patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension underwent lung transplantation at Department of Thoracic Surgery,Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital,Nanjing Medical University.There were 4 male and 2 female patients aged from 34 to 59 years.Chest enhancement of CT or CTPA in 6 patients prior to transplantation suggests a different degree of pulmonary embolism.The mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was＞30 mmHg,NYHA 11Ⅰ or Ⅳ.Four patients received bilateral sequence lung transplantation (BSLT) under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support.Two patients received single lung transplantation (SLT).We analyzed the differences of oxygenation index,pulmonary systolic pressure,pulmonary artery diastolic pressure,mean pulmonary arterial pressure,and central venous pressure before and after treatment.Using paired t test to compare these indicators,P＜0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The oxygenation index increased from (195 ± 85) to (440 ± 140) mmHg after treatment,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).the The systolic pressure of pulmonary artery was decreased from (108 ± 28) mmHg to (56 ± 16) mmHg,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).the The diastolic pressure of pulmonary artery was decreased from (72 ± 18) mmHg to (25 ± 10) mmHg,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).the The mean pulmonary artery pressure was decreased from (84 ± 27) mmHg to (36 ± 10) mmHg,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).the The central venous pressure was decreased from (17.5 ± 4.5) mmHg to (8.5 ± 1.5) mmHg,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Finally,5 patients were discharged from the hospital,and the pulmonary valve? functioned? well.1 patients died of shock and systemic failure 3 days after operation.Conclusion Lung transplantation is effective in the treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension,and long-term survival requires further investigations.

Objective:To evaluate the prognostic value of CD56 expression in newly diagnosed MM (NDMM).Methods:A total of 332 NDMM patients were enrolled in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 1, 2011 to January 1, 2021, with a median age of 60 years and a male to female ratio of 1.2∶1. CD56 expression on myeloma cells was detected by flow cytometry before induction therapy. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) data were collected. In order to reduce the confounding factors, the propensity score matching technique was used to match CD56 positive versus negative patients at a ratio of 1∶1.Results:Among 332 patients, CD56 positivity rate was 65.1% (216/332). Patients with CD56 expression had significantly longer median OS (58.4 vs. 43.1 months, P=0.024) and PFS (28.7 vs. 24.1 months, P=0.013) than those with negative CD56. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses showed that CD56 expression was positively correlated with OS ( HR=0.644, 95 %CI 0.438-0.947, P=0.025) and a favorable prognostic factor for PFS ( HR=0.646, 95 %CI 0.457-0.913, P=0.013). The favorable effect of CD56 expression on PFS was confirmed in multivariate analysis ( HR=0.705, 95 %CI 0.497-0.998, P=0.049), but OS was not affected ( P>0.05).In the propensity score matching analysis, 194 patients with 97 in each group were identified. CD56 positivity consistently predicted longer PFS (34.2 vs.25.1 months, P=0.047), but not OS (63.4 vs.43.1 months, P=0.056). Conclusion:These results demonstrate that CD56 expression is a favorable prognostic factor for PFS of newly diagnosed MM patients.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) accessed by SVOF-principle and two-step puncture techniques. Methods: A total of 838 cases with upper urinary stones underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy successfully accessed by ultrasound-guided between June 2007 and December 2015 at Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Of all cases were divided in two groups: hydronephrosis calyces puncture group include 425 cases and SVOF-principle puncture group include 413 cases. The access establishment time, operation time, stone free rate (SFR), postoperative complications, and postoperative hospitalization time between the two groups we compared by t test or χ² test. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between hydronephrosis calyces puncture group and SVOF-principle puncturegroup in the first access establishment time ((16.5±8.4) minutes vs. (11.2±5.9) minutes, t=3.931, P=0.013), one-stage SFR (74.3% vs. 85.7%, χ²=16.868, P=0.000), postoperative hospitalization time ((6.4±2.1) days vs. (4.8±1.8)days, t=4.574, P=0.000), transfusion rate (7.1% vs. 2.9%, χ²=8.027, P=0.006), and embolization rate (3.3% vs. 1.0%, χ²=5.390, P=0.020). There were no statistically significant differences in operation time, total SFR, postoperative fever and sever infection between these two groups (all P>0.05). In both two groups, no serious complications such as peripheral organ injury and death occurred. Conclusions PCNL accessed guided by ultrasound with SVOF-principle and two-step puncture techniques has advantages of quick puncture location, high stone free rate, fewer complications and fast recovery. This technique is an effective and safe treatment option for upper urinary stones and deserved promotion and application in clinic.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of multiple myeloma(MM)patients who resisted to the combination of bortezomib,lenalidomide and dexamethasone(VRD). Methods:The clinical features and prognosis of 150 patients with newly diagnosed MM in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital who were treated with VRD from January 2015 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed by SPSS software. Results:Among a total of 150 MM patients,21 patients resisted to VRD,including 14 patients with primary refractory to VRD and 7 patients with early relapse.In the VRD-resistant group(n=21),the median age of patients was 58 years(37-70 years),and female patients were more common(61.9％);Durie-Salmon stage:17 patients were DS stage Ⅲ,4 patients were DS stage Ⅱ;44.4％of those patients were cytogenetic high risk.CD20 positive rate was higher in the VRD-resistant group(P=0.014).The overall survival(OS)of MM patients in the VRD-resistant group was significantly lower than that in the VRD-nonresistant group(34 months vs not achieved,P＜0.001).In the VRD-resistant group,the median OS of MM patients receiving autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was significantly longer than that of non-transplant patients(34 months vs 16 months,P=0.038).Drug resistance and non-autologous transplantation are independent adverse prognostic factors for newly diagnosed MM patients receiving VRD induction chemotherapy.COX multivariate analysis showed that age＞65,cytogenetic high risk and non-autologous stem cell transplantation may be adverse prognostic factors for VRD-resistant MM patients. Conclusion:Positive CD20 was more common in MM patients with VRD resistence,which may indicate more aggressive biological characteristics in VRD-resistent MM patients.The VRD-resistent MM patients had poor prognosis,they can obtain disease remission from salvage chemotherapy including daratumumab,and the survival of them also can be improved after autologous stem cell transplantation.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) on treatment remission and survival of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients.Methods:A total of 243 new diagnosed MM patients (age ≤65 years) who had received auto-HSCT were selected, and 176 MM patients (age ≤65 years) who had not received auto-HSCT were selected as the control group to evaluate the effect of auto-HSCT on the remission and survival. To balance the distribution of prognostic factors between auto-HSCT and non-auto-HSCT patients, the propensity score matching technique was used to reduce the bias between groups in a 1∶1 scale, 64 in each group, and correlation analysis was performed.Results:A total of 128 patients (64 cases in each group) were screened by propensity score matching analysis. 64 patients received auto-HSCT after induction therapy. After auto-HSCT, 24 patients (37.5%) obtained sCR, 16 patients (25.0%) obtained CR, 15 patients (23.4%) obtained VGPR, and 9 patients (14.1%) obtained PR. The efficacy of patients with auto-HSCT was significantly better than that of non-auto-HSCT patients ( P=0.032) . Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly longer in auto-HSCT patients compared with non-auto-HSCT patients[PFS: 42.2 (95% CI 29.9-54.5) months vs 22.4 (95% CI 17.1-27.7) months, P=0.007; OS: 87.6 (95% CI 57.3-117.9) months vs 53.9 (95% CI 36.1-71.7) months, P=0.011]. Multivariate analysis confirmed that auto-HSCT had a favorable effect on OS ( HR=0.448, 95% CI 0.260-0.771, P=0.004) and PFS ( HR=0.446, 95% CI 0.280-0.778, P=0.003) . Conclusion:These results demonstrated that auto-HSCT was a favorable prognostic factor for newly diagnosed MM patients.

Objective:To explore the prognostic factors of primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) in the era of novel agents.Methods:The clinical data of 66 patients with pPCL treated at the Department of Haematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University from 2011 to 2022 were retrospectively collected to analyze their prognostic factors.Results:Among the 66 patients with pPCL, the median age was 59 (range: 29-79) years. The median overall survival (OS) duration was 19.0 (95% CI 10.4-27.6) months, and the median progression-free survival (PFS) duration was 11.0 (95% CI 6.5-15.6) months. The median OS and PFS were significantly longer in patients with the best post-treatment response of very good partial remission (VGPR) or better than in patients with a response of partial remission (PR) or worse (median OS: 33.0 months vs 6.0 months, P<0.001; median PFS: 16.0 months vs 3.0 months, P<0.001). OS was significantly longer in patients who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation than in those who did not undergo transplantation (49.0 months vs 6.0 months, P=0.002), and there was a trend toward a longer PFS in patients who underwent transplantation than in those who did not undergo transplantation (19.0 months vs 8.0 months, P=0.299). The median OS and PFS were significantly longer in patients who received maintenance therapy than in those who did not receive maintenance therapy (median OS: 56.0 months vs 4.0 months, P<0.001; median PFS: 20.0 months vs 2.0 months, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that hypercalcemia was an independent risk factor ( HR=3.204, 95% CI 1.068-9.610, P=0.038) for patients with pPCL, while receiving maintenance therapy ( HR=0.075, 95% CI 0.022-0.253, P<0.001) and post-treatment response of VGPR or better ( HR=0.175, 95% CI 0.048-0.638, P=0.008) were independent protective factors for patients with pPCL. Conclusions:In the era of novel agents, hypercalcemia, receiving maintenance therapy, and post-treatment response of VGPR or better are independent prognostic factors for pPCL.

Objective:To verify the predictive value of the Second Revision of the International Staging System (R2-ISS) in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who underwent first-line autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in a new drug era in China.Methods:This multicenter retrospective cohort study enrolled patients with newly diagnosed MM from three centers in China (Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University) from June 2008 to June 2018. A total of 401 newly diagnosed patients with MM who were candidates for ASCT were enrolled in this cohort, all received proteasome inhibitor and/or immunomodulator-based induction chemotherapy followed by ASCT. Baseline and follow-up data were collected. The patients were regrouped using R2-ISS. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the survival curve and two survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. Cox regression analysis were performed to analyze the relationship between risk factors and survival.Results:The median age of the patients was 53 years (range 25-69 years) and 59.5% (240 cases) were men. Newly diagnosed patients with renal impairment accounted for 11.5% (46 cases). According to Revised-International Staging System (R-ISS), 74 patients (18.5 %) were diagnosed with stage Ⅰ, 259 patients (64.6%) with stage Ⅱ, and 68 patients (17.0%) with stage Ⅲ. According to the R2-ISS, the distribution of patients in each group was as follows: 50 patients (12.5%) in stage Ⅰ, 95 patients (23.7%) in stage Ⅱ, 206 patients (51.4%) in stage Ⅲ, and 50 patients (12.5%) in stage Ⅳ. The median follow-up time was 35.9 months (range, 6-119 months). According to the R2-ISS stage, the median PFS in each group was: 75.3 months for stage Ⅰ; 62.0 months for stage Ⅱ, 39.2 months for stage Ⅲ, and 30.3 months for stage Ⅳ; and the median OS was not reached, 86.6 months, 71.6 months, and 38.5 months, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in PFS and OS between different groups (both P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ of the R2-ISS were independent prognostic factors for PFS ( HR=2.37, 95% CI 1.30-4.30; HR=4.50, 95% CI 2.35-9.01) and OS ( HR=4.20, 95% CI 1.50-11.80; HR=9.53, 95% CI 3.21-28.29). Conclusions:The R2-ISS has significant predictive value for PFS and OS for transplant-eligible patients with MM in the new drug era. However, the universality of the R2-ISS still needs to be further verified in different populations.