Objective To clone and express the outer surface protein C ( OspC) from a Chinese Borrelia afzelli FP1 strain and to evaluate the immune protectivity of the recombinant OspC protein ( rOspC) . Methods The gene encoding OspC protein of Borrelia afzelli FP1 strain was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then inserted into pET-30a plasmid to construct the recombinant expression plasmid pET-30a-OspC. The transformed E. coli BL21 strains carrying pET-30a-OspC plasmid were induced by IPTG to express OspC protein. The expressed proteins were purified by Ni-IDA resin chromatography and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot assay. Indirect immunofluorescence assay ( IFA) was performed to detect anti-rOspC protein antibodies in serum samples from rabbits immunized with rOspC protein. In vitro neutral-ization test was performed for evaluation the immune protectivity of rOspC protein. Results The recombi-nant expression plasmid pET-30a-OspC was successfully constructed and highly expressed in E. coli BL21. A strong antigen-antibody reaction between the rOspC protein and polyclonal antibody against Borrelia afzelli FP1 strain was detected by Western blot assay. The titers of IgG in serum samples from rabbits immunized with rOspC protein were significantly elevated. The in vitro neutralization test indicated that 106/ml of Borre-lia afzelli FP1 strains were neutralized by every anti-OspC protein serum sample from the experiment group. Conclusion The rOspC protein showed a strong immune protectivity against Borrelia afzelli, which could be used in the development of polyvalent subunit vaccine against lyme disease.

Insufficient bone quantity in the posterior region of the maxilla is one of the difficulties for dental implant placement. Maxillary sinus augmentation is considered to be a reliable treatment to solve the problem of insufficient bone quantity. With the increase of researches on maxillary sinus elevation, the debate over osteogenesis potential of Schneiderian membrane is getting more attention. Therefore, this article will review the current research on osteogenic potential of the Schneiderian membrane and its influence factors.

The main manefestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is cognitive decline. An important reason for this decline lies in the defects of vision and hearing. Stimuli information from vision and hearing are transmitted in different modes, resulting in a time difference between the receiving and encoding of these different types of information. Normal aging individuals are well capable of integrating information from different sensory modalities and respond to it, whereas AD patients cannot integrate such visual and auditory information very well due to pathological aging and impaired audiovisual integration ability. A series of studies have investigated the impaired audiovisual integration in AD patients, focusing on their behavioral performance and the underlying neurophysiological mechanism. Their findings indicate that the impaired audiovisual integration in AD patients could be caused by pathological changes in the superior temporal sulcus, as well as anomaly in brain connectivity and brain activity pattern and so on, which provide insights into potential intervention and prevention methods. This paper reviews the physiological, pathological, and behavioral manifestations of impaired audiovisual integration in AD patients, summarizes some intervention and prevention methods, and provides prospect for future research.

Objective:To study the relationship between KRAS gene mutation and clinical parameters and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM).Methods:To retrospectively study the impact of different KRAS status on the clinical parameters parameters and prognosis of 1 248 patients with CRLM treated from January 2005 to December 2019 at the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital. There were 880 male and 368 female, age ranged from 21 to 88, median 56. The single factor and multi-factor logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors relating to KRAS mutation. Survival was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method, and survival rate by the log-rank test.Results:There were 729 KRAS gene wild-type patients and 519 mutant patients. The mutation rate was 41.6%(519/1 248). Primary site of tumor in 11 patients were located in the bilateral colon. The KRAS gene mutation rates between the male and female CRLM patients whose CA19-9 level were ≥38 g/L and <38 g/L, with or without diabetes, and whose primary sites were on the right (52.1%, 160/307) or the left colon (38.2%, 355/930) was significantly different (all P<0.05). A single factor logistic regression analysis showed that gender, CA19-9 levels, diabetes and the primary site were associated with KRAS mutations, with significant difference ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the primary site of tumor was an independent influencing factor of KRAS mutation ( OR=0.557, 95% CI: 0.423-0.733, P<0.05). The overall survival rates of KRAS wild-type patients was significantly higher than mutant patients ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Among patients with CRLM, KRAS mutation was more frequently appeared in those patients with right sided colonic cancer. The long-term prognosis of patients with KRAS mutant was significantly worse.

BACKGROUND:Near infrared responsive hydrogels,have a variety of excellent properties such as high spatial and temporal precision,remote tunability,and safety and non-invasiveness,providing a new direction of exploration for the development of tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the application progress of near infrared responsive hydrogels in the field of tissue engineering in recent years. METHODS:The literature search was performed on PubMed and CNKI databases.The keywords were"near infrared responsive hydrogels,tissue engineering,bone defect,bone repair,bone regeneration,wound healing,wound dressing,angiogenesis"in Chinese and English.The search time limit was from May 2006 to October 2022 and extended for some classical literature.The abstracts and contents of the retrieved literature were analyzed,and the relevant literature was obtained according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.Finally,97 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Near infrared responsive materials are involved in tissue repair by controlling infection and reducing inflammation,promoting angiogenesis,osteoblast differentiation and new bone formation.(2)Near infrared responsive hydrogel can be prepared by constructing a thermosensitive hydrogel with a photothermal effect or by using a photochemical reaction.(3)Near infrared responsive hydrogels as wound dressings perform various functions such as rapid hemostasis,tissue adhesion through polymerization of polymer monomers,antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects,and promotion of angiopoiesis and epithelial regeneration through the local photothermal effect of photothermal nanomaterials during soft tissue healing and regeneration.(4)Near infrared responsive hydrogels function during bone reconstruction and repair by promoting osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells,stimulating the expression of heat shock proteins,and increasing angiogenesis.(5)Near infrared responsive hydrogels present a combination of multiple therapeutic strategies with significant synergistic therapeutic functions and are also being progressively developed for application in other tissue reconstruction and disease treatment scenarios.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and proportion of salivary gland tumors in order to provide new thinking for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Collected 3 724 cases salivary gland tumors diagnosed by Pathology Department of Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University from January 1961 to December 2016. The pathological diagnosis referred to the fourth edition of head and neck-salivary gland tumor histopathological classification standard of WHO. The database was established with Microsoft Excel and analyzed with SPSS 18.0. Made a retrospective analysis and comparison on the numbers of all cases in terms of types, site, gender and age and estimate the trend with the time interval of 8 years, and then make a judgement of the trend of salivary tumors. Results: The benign tumors were more common than the malignant among all periods, the proportion of all tumors was about 2.92∶1; The top three benign tumors were polymorphous adenoma [73.78% (2 046/2 773)], Warthin tumor [15.80% (438/2 773)] and base cell adenoma [8.37% (232/2 773)]. Polymorphous adenoma took up 54.94% (2 046/3 724) of all tumors. The top three malignant tumors were mucous epidermoid carcinoma [31.44% (299/951)], adenoid cystic carcinoma [26.92% (256/951)] and adenocarcinoma [11.88% (113/951)]. As for sex, male female ratio was 0.83∶1. As for site, the pathogenic site of tumors was mainly in parotid gland [63.75% (2 374/3 724)], followed by palatal gland [16.50% (615/3 724)], then submandibular gland [12.67% (472/3 724)]; As for age, the common age was between 51 and 60 years old [23.74% (884/3 724)], followed by 41 to 50 years old [21.56%(803/3 724)]. Conclusions The incidence of benign and malignant salivary gland tumor increased in the 56 years. Females showed a higher incidence. The majority tumors occurred in parotid gland. The most common salivary gland tumor was pleomorphic adenoma and the most common malignant tumor was mucous epidermoid carcinoma. The most common age was in 51-60 years old period.