Objective To observe the suppressing effect of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids on ultraviolet ray (UV)-induced erythema.Methods A solar simulator and an UV phototherapy device were used as light sources,respectively.Erythema reaction was induced on the back skin of 30 healthy volunteers by 1,2 and 3 minimal erythema doses (MED) of irradiation.Five preparations including butyl flufenamate 2.5％ ointment,butyl flufenamate 5％ ointment,the base of butyl flufenamate ointment,halometasone ointment,and diclofenac 1％ ointment,were applied to the irradiation sites respectively half an hour before or immediately after the irradiation.One irradiation site remained untreated and served as the control.The degree of erythema was evaluated by a chromameter at 4,24,and 48 hours after the irradiation.Intragroup and intergroup comparisons were done by t test and analysis of variance,respectively.Results When applied half an hour before solar-simulated irradiation,both 2.5％ and 5％ butyl flufenamate ointment totally suppressed the erythema reaction induced by 1-3 MED of UV irradiation,with no significant increase in erythema index at all the three time points after irradiation (all P ＞ 0.05); diclofenac 1％ only inhibited the erythema induced by 1 MED of UV irradiation at 4 and 48 hours,with no difference observed in erythema index between the baseline and these time points after irradiation; however,halometasone significantly aggravated the erythema reaction (P ＜ 0.05).Neither NSAIDs nor corticosteroids applied immediately after solar-simulated irradiation showed statistical effect on the degree of UV-induced erythema.When applied immediately after irradiation using the phototherapy device,butyl flufenamate 2.5％ ointment,butyl flufenamate 5％ ointment and halometasone ointment all induced a significant reduction in erythema reaction at 4 hours after 1 MED of irradiation (all P ＜ 0.05),and diclofenac caused a statistical decrease in erythema reaction at all the time points after 1-3 MED of irradiation (all P ＜0.05).Conclusions Topical use of butyl flufenamate before UV irradiation can effectively inhibit erythema reaction induced by 1-3 MED of irradiation.When applied immediately after irradiation,diclofenac shows the strongest erythema-suppressive effect,followed sequentially by butyl flufenamate and halometasone.

Objective To find a new method for the establishment of allergic rhinitis(AR) models with kidney-yang deficiency.Methods Fourty-five Hartely guinea pigs were randomized into 4 groups: hydroxycarbamide+ ovalbumin(OV); predisone+ OV;hydroxycarbamide+OV+Shenqi decoction;normal control).The general behavior and the body weight of guinea pigs were observed before and after treatment.After 3 weeks,the reaction of guinea pigs to histamine nasal drops was observed and then all animals were sacrificed to examine the pathological changes of nasal septum mucosa.Result The new model induced by hydroxycarbamide and OV was proved to be set up successfully: the manifestations of kidneyyang deficiency in the new model were more representative than those induced by predisone and OV,and the time for modeling was shorter.Conclusion Using hydr oxycarbamide and OV to set up kedney-yang deficiency AR models is an new feasible method.The result of this study will provide evidence for the further research of kidney-yang deficiency AR.

BACKGROUND: Carbonated hydroxyapatite cement is a new type material for skeletal repair and hydroxyapatites have been applied in the clinical treatment of skeletal defect.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effective characteristics of carbonated hydroxyapatite cement on repair of skeletal defect by animal experiment.DESIGN: Paired design, self-controlled and verified experiment was applied in the research.SETTING: Orthopedic Institute and Animal Experimental Center of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Orthopedic Institute and Animal Experimental Center of Chinese PLA from May 2002 to January 2003, in which, 10 healthy adult male mongrel dogs were applied, body mass weighted varied from 20 to 22 kg.METHODS: Animal model of skeletal defect was prepared on proximal ends of humeri of 10 mongrel dogs thydroxyapatitet were randomized into experimental side and control side. Ceramics repair of skeletal defect was done by carbonated hydroxyapatite cement and high-temperature sintered hydroxyapatite respectively. The animals were sacrificed on the 5th day, 4th, 8th, 12th and 16th weeks successively after operation. The repair effects were performed with X-ray and histological observation.staining.Results of stereomicroscopic and X-ray observations on bilateral skeletal defect: Osseointegration with carbonated hydroxyapatite cement was tight on the experimental side and the interface became unclear gradually with time lasting. The interface between hydroxyapatite and bone was still clear on the and eosin staining and thydroxyapatitet of ground bone with Gimsa staining:On the 8th week on the experimental side, the new bone grew into carbonated hydroxyapatite cement, on the 16th week, the two parts were intermixed and integrated and the bone island was formed around newly generated vessels in carbonated hydroxyapatite cement. On the control side, hydroxyapatite still maintained integrated and the bone interface was clear between hydroxyapatite and bone. On the 16th week, the aggradation of newly generated bone presented on hydroxyapatite surface.CONCLUSION: Carbonated hydroxyapatite cement possesses solidification property in situ, biocompatibility and osseous conductive activity. It is the satisfactory new type material for repair of skeletal defect.

Objective The present study is to investigate IL-24 gene(Ad5F35-hIL-24) effect on the topoisommeraseⅡα(topoⅡα) and Caspase-3 expression in glioma cell line U251. Methods After transfected the U251 glioma cells with the Ad5F35-hIL-24, the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) was used to analyse the inhibition rate of Ad5F35-hIL-24 on the cells. Hoechst 33258 fluorescent staining and flow cytometric assay were used to detect apoptosis. The immunohistochemistry assay was used to detect topoⅡα expression, and Western blotting was applied to detect the protein expression of topoⅡα and caspase-3. Transwell experiment was used to test the invasiveness of the cells. Results It was found that the Ad5F35-hIL-24 could inhibit U251 cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in a dose dependent manner compared with the control groups. It showed that Ad5F35-hIL-24 could inhibit topoⅡα expression reveled by immunohistochemistry and Westeren blotting, while it increased caspase-3 protein expression. The Transwell experiment showed that the Ad5F35-hIL-24 could reduce the invasiveness of the U251 glioma cells.Conclusion The exogenous IL-24 gene can inhibit the cell proliferation and induce apoptosis of U251 glioma cells. The topoⅡα and Caspase-3 are the important molecular targets of the IL-24 gene. These results may give support for the IL-24 gene usage in clinical treatment for glioma patients.

Severe liver disease during pregnancy is uncommon in clinical practice. The most common cause of liver disease during pregnancy is liver dysfunction, with an overall prevalence rate of approximately 3%. Liver disease during pregnancy is classified into the liver diseases directly caused by pregnancy and those co-existing with pregnancy, i.e., pre-existing liver disease or occasional liver disease during pregnancy. A differential diagnosis of pre-existing and co-existing liver diseases may help to improve maternal and fetal outcome. During clinical diagnosis and selection of treatment and intervention measures, priority should be given to the potential impact on mother and fetus. This article introduces the latest research advances in the general information, pathogenesis, treatment, and pregnancy outcome of major liver diseases during pregnancy and elaborates on the risk of pregnancy and related coping measures for patients with pre-existing liver disease, so as to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment and patient management.

Neonatal asphyxia is a clinical disease in which newborns are unable to establish regular and effective respiration after birth due to various factors, resulting in hypoxia, acidosis and hypercapnia.Severe cases can cause damage to the nervous system of children, mental retardation, cerebral palsy, and even death.The quality assessment of systemic exercise(general movements, GMs)is a simple, non-invasive and easy to implement technique for early diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders in children.Although GMs quality assessment has been widely used in the assessment of nervous system injury after asphyxia resuscitation at home and abroad, there has not been a systematic introduction to its pathogenesis, specific manifestations and the correlation between them.Therefore, this paper systematically reviewed the above problems combined with the latest research at home and abroad, in order to provide help for clinical work.

Objective To explore the effect of intermittent fasting on blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)complicated by overweight and obesity.Methods 46 T2DM patients with overweight and obesity were divided into control group(Con,n=22)and intermittent fasting group(IF,n=24)according to their wishes.Con group was given routine diet and drug treatment by specialists in endocrinology.IF group completed the intermittent fasting by using a combination of meal replacement and natural diet,and hypoglycemic drugs were reduced on fasting days.Results Compared with Con group,IF group showed a significant decrease in body weight,BMI,hypoglycemic drug efficacy score,WC,fat index,hip circumference and visceral fat(VF)(P＜0.05).After intervention,the proportion of diabetes in remission or near remission in IF group was higher than that in Con group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Intermittent fasting can reduce the application of hypoglycemic drugs in T2DM patients with overweight and obesity,and can also reduce weight and VF.

With the progress and development of perinatal medicine,the survival rate of preterm infant has been increased significantly. Early complications of premature infants could be effectively con-trolled,but some surviving premature infants left cerebral palsy,motor development retardation,visual impair-ment and other neurodevelopmental disorders,which seriously affected the quality of life.As a part of the neonatal physical examination,Peabody developmental motor scale plays an increasingly important role in understanding the early intelligence development,behavioral capacity,and neurological development of newborns.This paper reviewed the application of the Peabody developmental motor scale in the assessment of neurodevelopmental disorders in premature infants.

Objective To study the outcomes and influencing factors of the conversion from normal glucose tolerance -hyperinsulinemia (NCT-HINS) to diabetes in the population of a community in Beijing.Methods All the subjects investigated received 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for diabetes screening carried out in May, 2006 and May, 2008. Data were calculated to analyze the outcomes and influencing factors of the conversion. HINS was diagnosed if fasting serum insulin & 15 mIU/L and/or 2-hour serum insulin after glucose loading ≥ 80 mIU/L Results The prevalence of NGT-HINS in the community in 2006 and 2008 was 5.28% and 8.67% (P<0.01) respectively and that of diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) was 3.52% , 6.56% in 2006 and 4.42% ,6.47% in 2008.The probability of the conversion from NGT-HINS to IGR and DM was 18.6% and 2.3% , being much higher than that from normal glucose tolerance- normoinsulinemia (NGT-NINS) (5.4% and 0.7% , P <0.01). However, the probability of the conversion from NGT-HINS to DM was 2.3% , which was much lower than that from IGR (26.3% , P <0.01). The reason might be that individuals with NGT-HINS had a higher waist circumference, BMI, fasting plasma glucose, 2 h plasma glucose and TG but a lower HDL-C than individuals with NGT-NINS in 2006. The HOMA β-cell function index/HOMA insulin resistance index (HBCI/IR) of individuals with NGT-HINS was much lower than that of individuals with NGT-NINS, but much higher than that of individuals with IGR. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, TG and HBCI/IR were the major influencing factors of the conversion from NGT to glucose metabolic disorders.Conclusions The probability of conversion from NGT to DM was increased remarkably when HINS was diagnosed. The reason might be that individuals with NGT-HINS suffered more metabolic risk factors and had a decreased β-cell function. Therefore, individuals with NGT-HINS should be paid attention to in diabetes prevention study.

Objective To study whether preoperative serum thyrotropin ( TSH) concentration can be used for risk prediction of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma ( PTMC ) . Methods The cohort of this retrospective study consisted of 1 707 patients who underwent surgery on thyroid nodules at Chinese PLA General Hospital from October 1999toFebruary2011. 37.32%(n=637)ofthesepatientssufferedfromdifferentiatedthyroidcancer(DTC),and 14. 18%(n=242) of patients with DTC suffered from PTMC. Results (1) The mean TSH level in patients with DTC was significantly higher than that in patients with benign thyroid nodules [(1. 99(1. 25-3. 19) vs 1. 48 (0. 85-2. 32) mU/L, P<0. 01]. DTC with diameter greater than 10 mm had higher serum TSH level compared with that in benign thyroid nodules[2. 04(1. 26-3. 36) vs 1. 45(0. 83-2. 30), P<0. 01]. Serum TSH level was not significantly raised in cases where-as the diameter of tumor was 10 mm or less. (2) With the increasing level of TSH, the prevalence of DTC and tumours with diameter greater than 10 mm rose significantly, but the increasing trend was not significant in PTMC. (3) Raised TSH level was an independent risk factor of DTC based on Binary logistic regression. Conclusions Serum TSH is an independent risk predictor of DTC, it is an independent risk predictor of the diameter of DTC greater than 10 mm, but it is not a good risk predictor in PTMC.