By analyzing the crisis of survival in 2 hospitals, the authors argue that reform of the hospital property right system may be a way out. However, in the process of the reform, hospitals may face some problems. One problem is how to ensure the steady transition and sustained development of a hospital if the whole of it is sold out to an enterprise run by the local people. Another problem is how to safeguard the status, salary and welfare of the staff. To ensure the success of the reform, the following measures need to be taken: ①strengthening leadership, seeking unity of thinking, and clarifying the guiding ideology; ②formulating rigorous and detailed plans so as to guarantee a steady transition; ③making proper arrangements for the placement of the staff after the change of the property right system so as to ensure the ideological stability of the staff.

Objective To screen the formulation for tanshinone self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) and evaluate its stability.Methods The optimal tanshinone SEDDS formulation was established through solubility experiment,emulsion examination,fully emulsified time,droplet size determination,and pseudo-ternary diagram drawing.The content and stability were evaluated by HPLC assay under the condition of illumination,high and low temperature.Results The oil phase,surfactant and co-surfactant in the optimal tanshinone SEDDS formulation were ethyl oleate,TX10,Tween 80,and isopropyl alcohol (60∶84∶21∶35).Conclusion The acquired formulation of tanshinone SEDDS is stable in the dark and room temperature.

Objective:To increase the critical relative humidity(CRH) of Qubi granule,thus to improve its humidity resistance. Methods:The best prescription of Qubi granule was optimized by comparative method,and to determine its critical relative humidity. Results:The old prescription of the Qubi granule's CRH was 50%.With new prescription,the Qubi granule’ s CRH was 61%. the latter has increased by 11% as compared with the former . Conclusion:Considering above result,there is a hope to improve the hygroscopicity of Qubi granule.

Objective To study the altered expression of dopamine transporter (DAT) in substantia nigra and striatum in postmortem human brain of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods Immunoautoradiography was used to reveal DAT distribution in postmortem human brain. Results Strongly labeling signal of DAT was mainly found in the substantia nigra, the putamen and the caudate nucleus in controls. In contrast, it was drastically reduced in the putmen and the dorsolateral caudate nuclus in PD brains, but the ventromedial part of the caudate nucleus showed a significant sparing adjacent to the border of the lateral ventricle. In the substantia nigra, the ventral and the lateral parts of the substantia nigra showed an obvious decreasing of DAT and the reducing degree of DAT labeling signals in those regions is smaller than that in the putamen and the caudate nucleus. Quantitative analysis revealed that 90.9% and 66.7% of the labeling intensity of DAT were decreased in the putamen and the caudate nucleus as comparing with the corresponding controls respectively (P

AIM:To study the optimum condition of hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin inclusion for mangiferin in order to improve the solubility of mangiferin. METHODS: By comparing the condition of inclusion of mangiferin in hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin obtained,including its drying method,inclusion compound stood the test of infrared spectrophotometry,UV spectrophotometry,differential scanning calorimetry analysis,phase solubility diagran and solubility determination. RESULTS: The paddling process and freeze drying could put in HP-?CD inclusion compound use the ratio of host/guest molecules was 1∶1,the solubility of mangiferin of included complex was 35.99 mg/mL,about 300 times as large as uninclused mangiferin(0.111 mg/mL). CONCLUSION: Hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin inclused mangiferin compound could be prepared by paddling process and freeze drying.Its solubility of the compound improves significantly and it is stable.

Objective To study serotonin transporters(SERT) in postmortem human brains of Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods Immunoautoradiography was used to show SERT distribution in postmortem PD brains.ResultsIn comparison with healthy group,SERT decreased in dorsal raphe nucleus,substantia nigra and striatum in PD brains.Quantitative analysis showed that 25.9%、31.1%、27.2% and 24.7% of labeling intensity of SERT decreased in putamen,caudate nucleus,substantia nigra and ventrotegmental area as compared with corresponding control respectively.Among the four regions studied of dorsal raphe nucleus,SERT labeling intensity significantly decreased by 38.9%,37.3%,16.5% and 37.0% of corresponding control respectively in ventral part,dorsal part,caudal part and interfascicular part.Median raphe nucleus did not show the decreased SERT labeling.ConclusionDecreased SERT expression in three regions of postmortem PD brains indicates that a dysfunction of serotonergic raphe system may contribute to the etiology of Parkinson's disease.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of different doses of PcTx1,a specific blocker of acid-sensing ion channel 1a,on global cerebral ischemia/repedfusion (I/R) injury in rats,MethodsSixty adult male Sprague Dawley rats (weighing 250-300 g) were randomly divided into 6 grups ( n =10 each):sham operation group (group S),I/R group,different doses of PcTx1 ( 10 ng/ml,group P1 ; 25 ng/ml,group P2 ; 50 ng/ml,group P3 ;and 500 ng/ml,group P4 ) groups.Global cerebral ischemia was induced by the modified procedure of Pulsinelli 4-vessel occlusion.In groups P1,P2,P3 and P4,different doses of PcTx1 ( 10,25,50 and 500 ng/ml),6 μl each,were respectively injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle at the initiation of reperfusion,while equal volume of double distilled water was injected instead in group I/R.Six rats in each group were sacrificed at 24 h of reperfusion,and the brains were immediately removed,Thereafter,the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA),reduced glutathione (GSH) and ritric oxide (NO),the activities of constitutive NO synthase (eNOS) snd inducible NO synthase (iNOS) were detected in hippocampus.Four rats in each group were sacrificed at 72 h of reperfusion,and hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the pathomorphological changes of the hippocampal neurons.ResultsCompared with group S,the other groups showed decreases in the contents of GSH,while increases in the contents of MDA and NO and the activities of cNOS and iNOS ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ).The contents of GSH increased,while the contents of MDA and NO and the activities of cNOS and iNOS decreased in groups P2,P3 and P4 compared with group I/R ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group P1,the contents of GSH increased,the contents of MDA and the activities of cNOS decreased in groups P2,P3 and P4,and the contents of NO and the activities of iNOS decreased in groups P3 and P4 ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ).Compared with group P2,the activities of iNOS decreased in groups P3 and P4(P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The damage to neurons in hippocampal CAI was severe in groups I/R and P1,but it was attenuated in groups P3 and P4.ConclusionPcTx1 25,50 and 500 ng/ml (6 μl)injected into lateral cerebral ventricle can attenuate global cerebral I/R injury in rats,and the dose 50 ng/ml (6 μl) is more suitable.

Objective To evaluate the performance of transfection with a complex plasmid encoding green fluorescent protein tagged CatD (GFP-CatD)in researches on chronic photodamaged fibroblasts. Methods Human dermal fibroblasts (HSFs)were irradiated with ultraviolet A (UVA)at 25 J/cm2 once a day for 21 consecutive days to establish a chronic photodamaged cell model. A plasmid encoding GFP-CatD was constructed and transfected into some chronic photodamaged fibroblasts (experimental group). The photodamaged HSFs receiving no treatment served as the blank control group, and those transfected with the negative plasmid encoding GFP only as the negative control group. After additional culture, fluorescence microscopy and Western-blot analysis were performed to observe and measure the expression of GFP-CatD in HSFs respectively, flow cytometry and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT)assay to evaluate the apoptosis and proliferation of chronic photodamaged fibroblasts respectively. Results Fluorescence microscopy showed the expression of GFP-CatD in cytoplasm of chronic photodamaged fibroblasts at 96 hours after transfection with the GFP-CatD-encoding plasmid. Western-blot analysis revealed that the expression of CatD in the experimental group was 1.28 times that in the blank control group. There were no significant differences in the apoptosis rate(4.29% ± 1.30%vs. 3.03% ± 1.70% , P > 0.05)or proliferative rate (45.20% ± 4.70% vs. 43.60 ± 3.90% , P > 0.05)between the experimental group and blank control group. Conclusion CatD could be traced in chronic photodamaged fibroblasts with no changes in biological activity or cell cycle after transfection with the GFP-CatD-encoding complex plasmid.

Objective To explore the effect of intermittent fasting on blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)complicated by overweight and obesity.Methods 46 T2DM patients with overweight and obesity were divided into control group(Con,n=22)and intermittent fasting group(IF,n=24)according to their wishes.Con group was given routine diet and drug treatment by specialists in endocrinology.IF group completed the intermittent fasting by using a combination of meal replacement and natural diet,and hypoglycemic drugs were reduced on fasting days.Results Compared with Con group,IF group showed a significant decrease in body weight,BMI,hypoglycemic drug efficacy score,WC,fat index,hip circumference and visceral fat(VF)(P＜0.05).After intervention,the proportion of diabetes in remission or near remission in IF group was higher than that in Con group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Intermittent fasting can reduce the application of hypoglycemic drugs in T2DM patients with overweight and obesity,and can also reduce weight and VF.

Background Limbal stem cells (LSCs) deficiency leads to many ocular surface diseases,such as pterygium and so on.ATP-binding cassette transporter B5 (ABCB5) is a recently discovered marker of LSCs.Understanding the expression changes of ABCB5 in pterygium tissue has an important clinical significance for pterygium.Objective This study was to investigate the expression changes of ABCB5 in pterygium tissue.Methods Thirty-seven pterygium tissue specimens were collected from primary pterygium patients who received pterygium surgery,and 22 normal conjunctival tissue specimens were obtained from the strabismus patients and retinal detachment patients during surgery in 474 Hospital of Chinese PLA from January 2015 to November 2015.Immunochemistry was employed to detect the cxpression and location of ABCB5 in the specimens,and the protein and mRNA expressions of ABCB5 were detected by Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,respectively.The results were compared between normal conjunctival tissues and pterygium tissue.Results ABCB5 protein was expressed in the cytoplasm and nuclei of stratified squamous epithelium of 22 normal counjunctival tissue specimens,especially in the basal layer cells,and showed obvious polarity in normal conjunctiva.In pterygium group,ABCB5 protein was positively expressed in 91.89％ specimens (34/37) and the expression was absent in 8.11％ specimens (3/37).The relative expression levels of ABCB5 protein were 0.90±0.31 and 0.59±0.41,and those of ABCB5 mRNA were 1.01±0.26 and 0.65±0.32 in the normal conjunctival tissues and pterygium tissue,respectively,showing significant differences between them (protein:t =-0.266,P =0.011;mRNA:t =-4.560,P =0.000).Conclusions Down-regulation of ABCB5 in pterygium indicates the decreasing and losing of LSCs,which may play an important role in the development of pterygium.ABCB5 may be a useful indicator for the prediction of development and recurrence of pterygium and has an important implication for treating evaluation,and it may also be a target for the management of pterygium.