Background and purpose:CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are an important naturally accruing subpopulation of regulatory T cells. They not only prevent the spontaneous emergence of autoimmune diseases and contribute to the establishment of dominant tolerance on allogeneic transplantation, but also play an essential role in the generation, development and immunotherapy of many different kinds of malignant tumors. We studied the expression of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells(Tregs) in colorectal cancer patients and its significance. Methods:The tissues of tumors and counterpart normal tissue of 30 colorectal cancer patients were collected, the proportion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs as the percentage of the total CD4+ T cells were analyzed using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry.Results:Compared with counterpart normal tissue(5.5?1.3)%, the percentage of CD4+CD25+ Tregs in tumor tissues was significantly higher (24.1?4.8)%(t=5.155,P=0.002). The proportion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs in the patients with lymph nodes metastasis was (27.9?3.6)% which was significantly higher than that in patients without lymph nodes metastasis[(20.3?1.3)% (t=3.489,P=0.025)].Conclusions:The proportion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs in tumor tissues of colorectal cancer patients was significantly increased, and they may play an essential role in the development of colorectal cancer.

Objective To observe the X-ray appearance and clinical value of galactography.Methods 600 cases of galactorrhea confirmed by pathologly underwent galactography,among them,298 cases were blood type(49.8%),150 cases were serum type(25%),106 were rinsing type(17.7%) and others were 46 cases(7.7%).Results On galactography,the ductsl were divided into 3 groups: 345 cases were foliar type(59%),127 were ramate type(26.2%),87 were trunk type(14.8%).The main radiographic characteristics of lesions were mammary ductal ectasia in 578(96.3%),ductal distortion in 561(93.5%),irregular filling defect in ducts in 349(58.2%),and ductal damage in 39(6.5%).42 cases were breast carcinomas(7%),312 were intraductal papillary tumors(52%),129 were mammary ductal ectasia(21.5%),26 were mammary ductal mastitis(4.3%),49 were proliferous disease(8.2%),25 were mammary cyst(4.2%),17 were negative anamnesis(2.8%).Conclusion Galactography is beneficial in diagnosis of the pathogenesis of galactorrhea.

Objective To study the maternal blood glucose management of gestational diabetes mellitus during the labor and relationship of maternal blood glucose in labor and neonatal blood sugar. Methods A prospective study on maternal blood glucose monitoring and control during labor was carried in 40 pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism. We adjusted maternal blood glucose by low-dosage constant insulin drop during labor. Results Maternal blood glucose in labor arranged between 3.8 ～ 11.2 mmol/L,and low-dosage constant insulin drop was used in 17 cases (42.5%). The neonatal blood glucose was (4.0?1.5)mmol/L following delivery and (3.9?1.0)mmol/L at 24-hour postpartum. There were 2 cases with neonatal hypoglycemia. The neonatal blood glucose of the rest 23 cases was (4.2?1.5)mmol/L,and (3.9?1.0)mmol/L at 24-hour postpartum,and 1 case with neonatal hypoglycemia. There was no the difference of the blood glucose level of newborns between mothers with abnormal glucose metabolism and the normal pregnant women. Conclusion It is necessary to monitor and control the blood glucose level by low dose constant insulin during labor in pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism.

Objective To evaluate the effect of noninvasive diagnosis methods direct rectal examination (DRE) ,transrectal ultra-sonography(TRUS) and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging(MP-MRI) for prostate cancer detection .Methods The clini-cal data of 113 patients suspected prostatic cancer were analyzed retrospectively .Every patient was examined by TRUS ,DRE and MP-MRI before pathology or operation .The sensitivity rate and the specificity rate of DRE ,TRUS and MP-MRI were calculated and compared among the three methods .Results The sensitivity rate and the specificity rate of prostate cancer were 33 .3% and 88 .7% for DRE ,62 .7% and 67 .7% for TRUS ,86 .3% and 83 .9% for MP-MRI respectively ,two comparison between the three group had statisfically difference(P<0 .05) .But ,of prostate cancer with prostate specific antigen (PSA) 4 .0~10 .0 ng/mL in gray zone ,the sensitivity rate and the specificity rate were 27 .8% and 86 .5% for DRE ,44 .4% and 59 .5% for TRUS ,77 .8% and 81 .1% for MP-MRI ,two comparison between the three group had statisfically difference(P<0 .05) .Conclusion MP-MRI has bet-ter detection efficiency .It could obviously reduce the missed diagnosis rate on PCA with PSA in gray zone .

Objective To establish a double-antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) for the rapid detection of germ tube-specific antigens of Candida albicans,and to evaluate its specificity and sensitivity.Methods A DAS-ELISA was established with the monoclonal antibody McAb03.2C1-C2 as the primary antibody,and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labeled McAb03.2C1-C2 as the secondary antibody.The established assay was used to detect germ tube-specific antigens of Candida albicans in sera from 5 patients with systemic Candida albicans infection and from 6 rabbit models at 12,24,48,72hours,on week 1,2 after infection with Candida albicans.Results A good liner relationship was observed between the absorbance value at 495 nm and antigen concentrations when the titer of McAb03.2C1-C2 was 1 ∶ 4000 and the concentration of coated antigen varied from 1.25 to 40 μg/ml.The specificity and sensitivity of the DAS-ELISA were 95％ and 92％ respectively in the detection of germ tube-specific antigens in the rabbit models.The results of detection with DAS-ELISA in serum specimens from the patients were consistent with those with the routine method.Conclusions A DAS-ELISA is primarily established for the rapid detection of germ tube-specific antigens of Candida albicans,and has shown a satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in the animal model experiment.

AIM: To elucidate the relationship of inflammation, coagulation and cholesterol gallstone formation. METHODS: Hamsters were divided into four groups: control group (feeding normal diet), lithogenic diet (LD) 2 weeks group, LD 6 weeks group and LD+aspirin 6 weeks group. Gallstone incidence, antithrombin antigen (AT-Ⅲ:Ag), antithrombin activity (AT-Ⅲ:Ac), thrombin (F-Ⅱa:Ac), plasminogen activator inhibitor activity (PAI:Ac), plasmin activity (Plm:Ac), D-dimer:Ag and C-reactive protein (CRP) in gallbladder bile were observed as read-out parameters. RESULTS: The incidence of gallstones in control group, LD 2 weeks group, LD 6 weeks group and LD+aspirin group were 0%, 20%, 73% and 25%, respectively. AT-Ⅲ:Ag, F-Ⅱa:Ac, D-dimer and CRP in LD 2 weeks group and LD 6 weeks group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P

Objective To validate the effectiveness of the Chinese version of the EORTC QLQ‐OES18 in the patients with e‐sophageal cancer .Methods The QLQ‐OES18 questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life in 112 patients with esophageal cancer .The results of various items were statistically analyzed by adopting the Cronbach′s coefficient ,Spearman correlation analy‐sis ,multiple strengthen analysis and Wilcoxon Rank Sum test .Results The Cronbach′sαcoefficient of four multi‐item dimensions (dysphagia ,eating ,reflux and pain) was 0 .607-0 .822 ,moreover the correlation coefficients of all items with their own dimensions were more than those of other dimensions .The absolute values of correlation coefficients in each dimension between EORTC QLQ‐OES18 and EORTC QLQ‐C30 were 0 .002-0 .538 .The difference of swallowing item among the groups by KPS scores had statisti‐cal significance (P<0 .05) .Conclusion EORTC QLQ‐OES18 scale has better credibility and validity ,and can be used for evalua‐ting the quality of life in the patients with esophageal cancer .

ObjectiveTo analyze the MR imaging features of epileptogenic focal cortical dysplasia (FCD)and to optimize the scanning protocols by correlating MRI appearance with pathological findings.MethodsMRI findings and the relative scanning protocols in 36 patients with surgically and pathologically proved 40 lesions of FCD were retrospectively analyzed. According to Palmini classification system,all 40 lesions were pathologically categorized as FCD type Ⅰ (including FCD Ⅰ A and FCD Ⅰ B) and FCD type Ⅱ (including FCD Ⅱ A and FCD ⅡB ). The distribution of cerebral or dual lesions accompanied hippocampal sclerosis were observed.Differences of the distribution of cerebral in FCD type Ⅰ and FCD type Ⅱ were compared by using Fisher exact probabilities. MR scans in all patients consisted of routine and optimized protocols.Axial FSE T2WI,axial SET1WI and axial FLAIR were recognized as routine scanning protocols,while adding oblique coronal FSE T2WI and FLAIR were recognized as optimization scanning protocols.Both routine and optimization scanning protocols were performed in all patients.The conspicuity of main findings of FCD on different imaging plane and sequences of each protocol were assessed.The detection of cerebral or dual lesion and the accompanied hippocampal sclerosis were compared between the routine protocol and the optimized protocol by using McNemar test.ResultsForty lesions were found in 36 cases with FCD,29 had temporal lobe lesion (72.5％ ),9 had frontal lobe lesion(22.5％ ) and 2 had parietal lobe lesion (5.0％).According to Palmini classification system,29 lesions in 27 patients (72.5％ ) were FCD type Ⅰ,11 lesions in 10 patients (27.5％) were FCD type Ⅱ lesions.There were 25 temporal lobe lesions in FCD type Ⅰ,while 4 in FCD type Ⅱ.There were statistically significant differences between FCD type Ⅰ group and FCD type Ⅱ group in the distribution of cerebral (P =0.002 ).Fourteen cases were found to have hippocampal sclerosis simultaneously,with 13 cases found in FCD type Ⅰ patients and 1 case in type Ⅱ patients.The detection rate of temporal lobe lesion was 65.5 ％ (19/29) and 44.8 ％ ( 13/29 ) respectively on optimized protocol and routine protocol.There was statistically significant difference ( x2 =4.167,P =0.031 ).The detection rate of hippocampal sclerosis was 85.7％ (12/14) and 42.9％ (6/14) respectively on optimized protocol and routine protocol respectively.There was statistically significant difference ( x2 =4.167,P =0.031 ).The detection rate of frontal lobe lesion showed no statistically significant difference between optimized protocols and routine protocols (x2 =0.304,P =1.000 ).Conclusions FCD was frequently involved the temporal lobe,followed by the frontal lobe.FCD type Ⅰ lesion was frequently found in the temporal lobe,with a higher incidence of concomitant hippocampal sclerosis. The optimized whole temporal lobe scanning with imaging plane perpendicular to the hippocampus long axis was a highly desired scanning protocol specifically for FCD,which is helpful for the detection of the FCD lesions.

OBJECTIVETo detect miR-200a expression in human colorectal carcinnoma (CRC) cell lines and explore the role of miR-200a in regulating the biological behavior of CRC cells.

METHODSReal-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect miR-200a expression levels in 6 CRC cell lines (HCT116, HT29, LS174T, SW480, SW620 and LoVo). miR-200a mimics were transiently transfected into LoVo, and the changes in cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and cell-cell adhesion were assessed using CCK-8 assay, TUNEL assay, transwell migration assay, and homogenous adhesion experiment, respectively.

RESULTSThe expression of miR-200a was down-regulated in the 6 CRC cell lines, among which the highly metastatic LoVo cell line showed the lowest expression and the tumorigenic but non-metastatic CRC cell line HCT116 had the highest expression. Overexpression of miR-200a depressed cell proliferation and migration but promoted cell apoptosis and cell-cell adhesion in LoVo cells.

CONCLUSIONmiR-200a plays a role in regulating the invasiveness and metastasis of CRC, and overexpression of miR-200a causes a significant reduction of cell proliferation and migration and promotes apoptosis and cell-cell adhesion in LoVo cells.

Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; Transfection

AIM: To elucidate the mechanism of fibrin in cholesterol gallstone disease. METHODS: Hemostatic indices were systemically examined in the gallbladder bile obtained from 26 patients with gallstones and 17 without gallstones. RESULTS: Significant increases were found in tissue factor (TF) concentration( P