A serocpidemiologic study was conducted to approach the relation between HBV infection and PLC. In PLC patients, the positivity rates of HBsAg and anti-HBc are higher than that in the tumor and donors groups, but that of anti-HBs is lower. No significant difference between the HBV infections rates for PLA patients and donors was found. HBV infections pattern of patients with liver cirrhosis is very close to that of those with PLC.The outcome prompts that there is a relation between HBV infection and PLC, but it is not only one.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of steam inhalation of ?2-adrenergic agents combined with anticholinergic agents for patients with chronic obstructive lung disease(COPD) acute attack.Methods 64 patients with COPD acute attack were divided into two groups at random.The control group were under regular treatment,the therapy group were treated with steam inhalation of ?2-adrenergic agents combined with anticholinergic agents besides regular treatment.Results Symptoms and pulmonary function showed distinctly better in therapy group than in control group.Conclusion Steam inhalation of ?2-adrenergic agents combined with anticholinergic agents is an efficacious way to treat the patients with COPD acute attack.

Objective To analyze the clinical features and risk factors of death in pediatric trauma,in order to provide preventing strategies and reduce mortality.Methods A retrospective study of 7936 traumatic children admitted to the emergency department of our hospital from April 2014 to March 2016 was conducted.We retrospectively summarized the clinical features and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of death in children with trauma.Results Compared to females,male patients contributed higher percentages(1.73∶1).There were more migrant children(5535 cases) than local ones(2 401 cases)(χ2=14.314,P＜0.05).Children in infancy stage(2 024 cases)and toddler period(3 097 cases) were more than in the other periods.Limb[41.9%(3 324/7 936)] and skin injuries[38.5%(3 058 324/7 936)] were the most common.Children trauma causes varied with age,fall,tumble and traffic accidents were common causes of children trauma.Pediatric trauma score of surviving group(n=1933),death group(n=5),general ward group(n=1852) and ICU group(n=86) were 8.53± 2.17,3.17± 1.29,9.72± 1.25,5.23± 1.84,respectively.Shock decompensation,mechanical ventilation,Glasgow coma scale ≤7 and pediatric trauma score＜8 were the risk factors which caused the death of trauma.Conclusion Parents should improve the security sense,strengthen the care of children and obey the traffic rules to reduce the rate of children trauma.Clinicians should pay attention to shock decompensation,mechanical ventilation,Glasgow coma scale and pediatric trauma score in order to identify critically ill patients in early stage and improve the success rate of rescue.

Objective: To investigate the effect of intrauterine intervention on severe primary fetal hydrothorax. Methods: Twelve cases with severe fetal primary hydrothorax who underwent prenatal intervention from January 2014 to December 2017 in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The median gestational age of prenatal diagnosis was 30.8 weeks (24.0-33.0 weeks) . All cases were excluded congenital chromosomal abnormalities by prenatal diagnosis, and had no complications of pregnancy during prenatal diagnosis and had hydrothorax. Three cases (3/12) were right hydrothorax, the other 9 cases (9/12) were bilateral. Thoracoamniotic shunting was performed in 7 cases (7/12) . Thoracentesis was performed in 5 cases (5/12) , and the hydrothorax reappeared soon after operation in 4 cases, shunt placement was performed again. The hydrothorax was dissolved in 2 cases, released in 6 cases.Tube falling off occurred in 1 case,treatment was abandoned in 1 case and intrauterine fetal death happened in 1 case, and 1 case wasn′t rechecked by ultrasonic due to premature birth following thoracentesis. In 10 cases who had deliveries, 5 newborns (5/10) were premature, 6 newborns (6/10) underwent assisted mechanical ventilation, 8 newborns (8/10) underwent thoracic close drainage, all of them were discharged when hydrothorax resolved. Conclusions Antenatal intervention may improve the chance of survival in severe primary fetal hydrothorax. Thoracoamniotic shunting is the first-choice for the primary severe fetal hydrothorax.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the independent risk factors of complicated appendicitis(CA)in children under five years old and establish a clinical prediction model, and to evaluate the clinical application of this model.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on children under five years old who underwent appendectomy at Children′s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2018 to December 2021.The children were divided into CA group and uncomplicated appendicitis group according to whether there was sign of perforation or gangrene in appendiceal tissue after operation.The differences in clinical features and preoperative laboratory test results between two groups were compared.The independent risk factors of CA were identified and a clinical prediction model was established.The clinical prediction model was verified by receiver operating characteristic curve.Results:A total of 140 children were enrolled in this study, including 84 cases in the CA group and 56 cases in uncomplicated appendicitis group.Univariate and binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of symptoms>23.5 h( OR=6.650, 95% CI 2.469-17.912, P<0.05), abdominal muscle tension( OR=3.082, 95% CI 1.190-7.979, P<0.05) and C-reactive protein>41 mg/L ( OR=3.287, 95% CI 1.274-8.480, P<0.05) were independent risk factors for CA( P<0.05). The clinical prediction model of CA was constructed by the above mentioned three independent risk factors.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the clinical prediction model was 0.881(95% CI 0.825-0.936), the sensitivity was 77.4%, the specificity was 87.5%, the positive predictive value was 91.3% and the negative predictive value was 70.0%. Conclusion:Acute appendicitis in children under five years old is more likely to progress to CA if the duration of symptoms>23.5 h, the level of C-reactive protein is increased, and the abdominal muscle tension is accompanied.The clinical prediction model of CA constructed by common clinical information in pediatric clinics has good prediction efficiency, which provides a simple and feasible reference method for clinicians to distinguish CA from uncomplicated appendicitis.

Objective: To study the specific killing effect of CD4 membrane protein targeted chimeric antigen receptor modified T (CAR-T) cell. Methods: The second generation CD4 targeted chimeric antigen receptor containing 4-1BB costimulation domain was insert into lentiviral vector through recombinant DNA technology. Lentivirus was prepared and packaged by 293T cells with four plasmids. Beads activated T cells were transduced with lentivirus and the transduction efficiency was checked with Protein L and flow cytometry. T cell subsets and IFN-γ concentrations were detected with probe-tagged antibody and cytometric bead assay. Results: ①The transduction efficiency of activated T cells with prepared lentivirus were 50.0%-70.0%. A subset of CD8⁺ T cell acquired dim expression of CD4 membrane protein after activation. CD4⁺T cell and CD8⁺CD4^dim T cell were gradually killed by CD4 targeted CAR-T post lentivirus transduction. ②The kill efficacy of CD4 targeted CAR-T cell and control T cell toward KARPAS 299 T cell at an E∶T ratio of 8∶1 for 24 h was (96.9±2.1)% and (11.2±3.1)%, CAR-T cell has a higher killing efficacy than control T cell (t=7.137, P=0.028). The IFN-γ concentrations in culture supernatant of CAR-T cell with K562-CD4 cell, CAR-T cell with K562 cell and CAR-T cell alone were (15 648±2 168), (1 978±354) and (1 785±268) pg/ml, CAR-T cell cocultured with K562-CD4 cell produced more IFN-γ than the other two controls (P<0.01). Conclusions CD4 targeted CAR-T has an immunophenotype of CD8⁺CD4^-T cell. CD4 targeted CAR-T cell has killing efficacy toward normal CD4⁺T cell and CD4⁺T lymphoma cell. CD4 targeted CAR-T cell also has a killing efficacy toward CD4^dim target cell.

Objective: To explore the effect of shRNA interfering BAMBI (bone morphogenetic protein and activin membrane bound inhibitor) on the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of human colon cancer SW480 cells and the possible mechanisms. Methods: After successful transfection with sh-BAMBI in SW480 cells, the mRNA and protein epxressions of BAMBI were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT; apoptosis was tested by Hoechst33258 staining; cell invasion was detected by transwell assay; and cell migration was measured by wound healing assay. The expressions of TGF-β/ Smad/2 signaling pathway related proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results: The mRNA and protein levels of BAMBI in shBAMBI group were lower than those of control group (P<0.05). Compared with control group, cell proliferation in sh-BAMBI group was obviously decreased (P<0.05), while apoptosis was obviously increased (P<0.01); in the meanwhile, cell invasion and migration in sh-BAMBI group were significantly reduced (P<0.05). In addition, the protein level of TGF-β and the ratio of p-Smad/2/ Smad/2 in shBAMBI group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Interference of BAMBI by shRNA inhibits proliferation, invasion and migration but induces apoptosis of human colon cancer SW480 cells and activates TGF-β/Smad/2 pathway.

Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ; Animals ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Forkhead Box Protein O3 ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; pathology ; Muscular Atrophy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; deficiency ; metabolism

Background Some studies have shown that PM_2.5 exposure is closely related to central nervous system diseases that lead to cognitive dysfunction and change the composition of intestinal flora. However, there are few studies on the role of intestinal flora in PM_2.5-induced depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Objective To observe the effects of PM_2.5 exposure on depression- and anxiety-like behaviors and the composition of intestinal flora in mice, and to explore the role of intestinal flora in regulating 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice exposed to PM_2.5. Methods Eight-week-old male SPF C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group (NS group), probiotic group (LGG group), PM_2.5 group (PM group), and combined exposure group (PML group), 6 mice in each group. Mice in the PM group and the PML group were exposed to PM_2.5 in a dynamic exposure cabinet for 6 h per day, 6 d a week for 7 consecutive weeks, and the PM_2.5 concentrations were approximately 8 times higher than the outdoor concentration. The LGG group and the PML group were orally administered with Lactobacillus rhamnosus while the NS group and the PM group were orally administered with the same amount of saline. Elevated plus maze test and open field test were used to detect depression and anxiety in mice. Fecal samples of mice were collected to evaluate intestinal flora abundance, diversity, and structure between groups using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA. ELISA was employed to detect the levels of 5-HT in serum and hippocampus. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlations of differential intestinal flora with 5-HT level in hippocampus and depression- and anxiety-like behavior indicators in mice. Results The percentage of open-arm entry [M(P₂₅, P₇₅)] in the PM group was 0.0% (0.0%, 33.3%), lower than those in the NS group [47.7% (25.0%, 50.8%) ] and the PML group [46.9% (40.0%, 50.0%)], and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The total travelled distance and the time spent in central area (\begin{document}$\bar x \pm s $\end{document}) in the PM group were (2.01±0.90) m and (10.31±1.99) s respectively, shorter than those of the NS group [(3.80±0.89) m, (14.47±3.07) s], the total travelled distance in the PML group [(2.73±1.12) m] was shorter than those of the NS group and the LGG group [(4.21±1.08) m], and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared to the NS group, the Simpson index of the PM group significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared to the LGG group, the Simpson index of the PML group significantly decreased (P<0.05). The results of Beta diversity analysis showed that there were differences in the composition of intestinal flora among the four groups of mice. Compared with the NS group and the LGG group, the abundances of Erysipelotrichaceae and Dubosiella in the PM group and the PML group increased, while the abundances of Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). In hippocampus, the level of 5-HT in the PM group [(135.02±10.31) μg·g⁻¹] was lower than those in the NS group [(178.77±43.15) μg·g⁻¹] and the LGG group [(224.85±22.98) μg·g⁻¹], and the level of 5-HT in the PML group [(161.27±15.81) μg·g⁻¹] was lower than that in the LGG group (P<0.05). 5-HT level in hippocampus was significantly positively correlated with the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 (r=0.6090, P=0.012). The percentage of open-arm entry was significantly negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Dubosiella (r=−0.4630, P=0.023). Conclusion Atmospheric PM_2.5 exposure may cause depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice. The observed behavior dysfunction may be associated with the changes in diversity and relative abundance of intestinal flora as well as the decrease of 5-HT level. Such depression- and anxiety-like behaviors are alleviated after adding probiotics.