OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible mechanism of brain damage and memory impairment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by detecting the memory, serum S100beta protein, neuron specific enolase( NSE) and analyzing the relationship among them. METHOD: Thirty patients with moderate or severe OSAHS (AHI > 20/h) and twenty normal controls were included in this study. All subjects were detected by polysomnography in the sleep laboratory and the memory of them were evaluated before PSG examination. Memory tests including point memory, association learning, picture free recall, meaningless picture recognition, face characters associated memory have been conducted. The serum S100beta protein was detected by ELISA and the serum NSE was detected by immunoradiometric assay. The relationship between memory and serum S100beta as well as NSE were analyzed in both experiment group and control group. RESULT: The score of point memory, association learning, meaningless picture recognition, face characters associated memory and memory quotient in patients with OSAHS was significantly lower than control group (P < 0.05). The serum S100beta and NSE level was significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05); and correlated positively with AHI as well as ODI; and correlated negatively with MSaO2. Memory quotient correlated negatively with AHI, ODI, serum S100beta and NSE level; and correlated positively with LSaO2, MSaO2. CONCLUSION Memory impairment were present in patients with OSAHS. The increased level of serum S100Beta and NSE may be one of the mechanisms of brain damage and memory impairment in with, OSAHS. And nocturnal hypoxia may contribute to the increased level of serum S100beta and NSE.
Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Memory ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Growth Factors ; blood ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; blood ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit ; S100 Proteins ; blood ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; blood ; psychology

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum homocysteine (Hcy) level and heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 76 elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2015 to December 2016,and the patients were monitored by 24 hours electrocardiogram within three months.According to age and Hcy level,the patients were divided into three groups:normal Hcy low age group (5-15μmol/L,60-80 years old),high Hcy low age group (＞ 15μmol/L,60-80 years old),high Hcy high age group (＞15μmol/L,≥80 years old).The correlation between Hcy and HRV was analyzed.Results The standard deviation of the normal-to-normal RR intervals (SDNN),the mean standard deviation of 5-minute RR intervals means (SDANN),the root mean square of successive differences in RR intervals (RMSSD),adjacent RR intervals greater than 50 ms (PNN50) in the high Hcy low age group were (108.75 ±34.18)ms,(97.63 ±31.34) ms,(22.04 ±6.97) ms,(3.78 ± 4.07) ％,respectively,which in the high Hcy high age group were (81.43 ± 27.68) ms,(71.46 ±25.45) ms,(23.82 ± 7.59) ms,(3.95 ± 3.56) ％,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the normal Hey low agc group[(127.21 ± 22.21) ms,(114.75 ± 23.55) ms,(29.17 ± 9.71) ms,(7.68 ± 6.17) ％](t =2.219,2.140,2.920,2.585,t =6.502,6.328,2.227,2.722,all P ＜ 0.05).The levels of SDNN and SDANN in the high Hcy low age group were lower than those in the high Hcy low age group (t =3.185,3.322,all P ＜ 0.05).The low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) values in the high Hcy low age group were (11.86 ± 5.39) ms,(8.47 ± 3.25) ms,respectively,which in the high Hcy high age group were (9.29 ± 4.98) ms,(71.46 ± 25.45) ms,respectively,which were lower than those in the normal Hcy low age group[(15.15 ±4.56) ms,(11.36 ±4.36) ms] (t =2.281,2.612,t =4.392,2.900,all P ＜ 0.05).The LF/HF value of high Hcy high age group (1.09 ± 0.3) was lower than (1.42 ± 0.36) in normal Hcy low age group and (1.41 ± 0.40) in the high Hcy low age group (t =3.569,3.339,all P ＜ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that SDNN,SDANN,RMSSD,nocturnal HF and nocturnal LF/HF were correlated with hyperhomocysteinemia (r =-0.037,-0.132,-0.087,-0.468,-3.746,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Hyperhomocysteinemia with acute cerebral infarction in elderly patients is more likely to have cardiac autonomic nerve dysfunction.And clinically we should strengthen HRV detection of elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction and hyperhomocysteinemia.

Objective BALB/c mutant curly mice and normal BALB/c mice were genetically detected by microsatellite DNA marker analysis to detect the differential microsatellite loci between BALB/c mutant curly mice and normal mice.Methods 38 microsatellite DNA loci were selected and their variation in the BALB/c mutant curly mice, BALB/c mutant hairless mice and normal BALB/c mice were detected by multiplex fluorescence PCR and STR scanning genotyping.Results There were 27 the same microsatellite loci between the 38 microsatellite loci in BALB/c mutant curly mice and normal mice,and there were 11 differential loci, with a mutation rate of 28.9%(11/38). There were 30 the same sites between BABL/c mutant hairless mice and normal mice,and there were 8 different loci,with a mutation rate of 21.1%(8/38). There were also 12 differential loci between BABL/c mutant curly mice and hairless mice. Conclusions BALB/c mutant curly mice have a higher mutation rate and are significantly higher than those of hairless mice,demonstrating that the mutations in curly mice and hairless mice are two completely different mutations. These results provide reliable theoretical data for the future study and development of BALB/c mutant curly mice.

Purpose To establish glucose metabolism patterns of Parkinson's disease(PD)at different periods,and to study the changing pattern of target region of interest(ROI)with the period of time,and then explore the relationship between ROIs and cognitive or motor in different periods.Materials and Methods A total of 42 patients with early-stage PD collected from June 2010 to September 2022 in online data from the markers of Parkinson's progression study which included clinical data,and FDG PET imaging was performed at baseline,12,24,36 and 48 months.The data of 8 healthy volunteers were also obtained from the database,and the time range was the same as that of the above-mentioned PD patients.The longitudinal changes of cerebral glucose metabolism in PD patients and the relationship between PD-associated ROI and movement disorder society-sponsored revision of the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale(MDS-UPDRS)score were evaluated.Results PD was relatively reduced activity located in frontal and parietal association areas and relatively increased activity in the cerebellum,the putamen and the cingulate gyrus.In our study of target ROIs over time,FDG uptake in the caudate nucleus,putamen,pallidum,and cerebellum of patients with PD was initially higher than in the normal group,and subsequently decreased.In contrast,the ROI of PD in the anterior cingulate gyrus,posterior cingulate gyrus,the substantia nigra pars compacta and substantia nigra pars reticulata was initially lower than that in healthy controls and subsequently increased.The putamen,pallidum and caudate nucleus metabolic activity showed a positive correlation in 36 month and MDS-UPDRS scores(r=0.659 5,0.678 7,0.716 7,all P<0.05).The caudate nucleus,putamen and pallidum metabolic activity showed a negative correlation in 24 month and baseline(r=-0.541 8,-0.878 9,-0.887 6,all P<0.05).Conclusion We provide 5-year longitudinal data on changes in 18F-FDG imaging outcomes in early PD.In addition,the glucose metabolic activity of caudate nucleus,putamen and globus pallidus are correlated with MDS-UPDRS scores.

Objective: To analyze growth changes in the ear by measuring the width and length of ears in a Chinese population and its application for auricular reconstruction. Methods: A total of 480 participants were enrolled into 1 year, 3 years, 5 years, 7 years, 9 years, 12 years, 14 years and adult groups (half were boys and half were girls in each group). Ear length and width were measured and recorded. Ear index was calculated according to ear length and ear width. The growth of auricle and differences between genders were analyzed. Results: Ear length and width increased with age. Ear length achieved its mature size in both 14-year-old males and females. Ear width reached its mature size in males of 7 years and in females of 5 years. Different trends of ear index were shown between males and females. Conclusions The data indicated that ear developed with age. There were gender and ethnic difference in the development of ear. Ear reconstruction should not be performed when the age of patient is less than 12 years old, if only the development of ear width is considered, the age of patient for surgery to be performed should not be less than 7 years old.