Objective To explore the feasibility and complications of ultrasound-guided peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) insertion in elderly patients. Methods Ultrasound-guided PICC insertion was performed in 37 elderly patients with modified Seldinger's technique. Eighteen (48.6%) patients had invisible or impalpable shallow veins in elbow joints. The post-insertion success rate and complications were analyzed. Results The success rate was 100% among these 37 elderly patients. The indwelling patency duration was (32.0 ± 19.8)days. Two catheters in 2 (5.8%) patients were removed on the 21st and 39th day because of deep venous thrombosis. PICCs remained in place in 18 (48.6%) cases. Conclusions Ustrasound-guided PICC insertion is a safe procedure with high success rate. It can also be applied in patient whose shallow vein is not visible or palpable in elbow joint.

Objective To explore the prevalence and risk factors of knee osteoarthritis (OA) among the elderly in Tianjin. Methods Totally 2038 elderly in Tianjin were investigated from January 2010 to June 2011 according to protocol of APLA-COPCORD Core Questionnaire to identification of risk factors for knee OA. Results The prevalence rates of knee pain and knee OA were 23.1％ and 21.7％,respectively. Knee OA appeared much frequently in women than men (27.6 ％ vs.16.1 ％,x2 =46.893,P＜0.001 ) in the trend of increase with aging(x2 =764.34,P＜0.001).BMI in knee OA group [(25.4±3.3) kg/m2]was significantly higher than in non-knee OA group [(23.8± 2.9) kg/m2],(t =7.944,P＜0.001).Menopause age in female knee OA group was younger than in female non-knee OA group [(50.2±3.7) years vs.(52.8±4.1) years,t=7.665,P＜0.001].Binary logistic regression revealed that age,sex,BMI and age of menopause were risk factors of knee OA,and eating vegetable might prevent from osteoarthritis,whereas there were no significantly association between knee OA and the other factors such as smoking and drinking.Conclusions Age,female and overweight are identified as risk factors of knee OA.

Objective To investigate the effects of baicalin on morphine-induced behavioral sensitization.Methods Locomotor activity was measured for 2h after administration with baicalin in mice.Hyperlocomotion induced by acute morphine (10 mg· kg-1,ip) and behavioral sensitization induced by repeated morphine were established.The level of dopamine of ventral tegmental area(VTA) and prefrontal cortex(PFC) in mice was tested by ELISA assay.Results Baiealin inhibited significantly both locomotor activity in mice (control (1095.8 ± 174.5) times,baicalin (899.6± 187.2),(724.2± 221.4),(609.1 ± 154.6) times ; P＜ 0.01) and hyperlocomotion induced by acute morphine(model (1518.2± 185.8) times,baicalin (1385.4±224.2),(1205.1 ± 174.6),(1100.3±235.1) times ; P＜0.01).Similar inhibition was also seen in the development and expression of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization(model(2096.2±304.6) times,baicalin (2004.2 ± 218.5),(1998.7-± 224.3),(1836.1 ± 233.5) times,P＜ 0.05 ; model (2124.2 ± 189.6) times,baicalin (1922.2± 314.7),(1524.1±289.2),(1477.4± 219.3) times,P＜0.01).Baicalin inhibited dopamine release in VTA and PFC of morphine-sensitized mice(model(457.6± 92.1,589.2 ±102.5) μg · L-1,baicalin(391.1±56.8) μg · L-1,(448.6± 99.3) μg · L-1; (324.5±66.2) μg · L-1,(368.7±45.9) μg · L 1 ; (234.3± 52.6) μg · L-1,(305.3±84.1) μg · L-1 ; P＜0.01,P＜0.01).Conclusion Baicalin inhibits the development and the expression of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization in mice,and this effect is related to the inhibition of dopamine release in VTA and PFC of mice.

Objective: To investigate the effects of baicalin on the cell cycle and apoptosis of human colon cancer in vitro and in vivo, and to further clarify its possible molecular mechanism. Methods: After treatment with different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μg/mL) of baicalin for 48 h, the morphology and viability of human normal colorectal mucosa FHC cells and human colon cancer HCT116 cells were detected by invert microscopy and MTT method, respectively. The changes of apoptosis rate and cell cycle distribution of HCT116 cells after baicalin treatment were detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins [poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (Parp-1), caspase 3, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), p53, Bcl-2 and Bax] and cell cycle-related proteins (cyclin D1 and cyclin B1) in HCT116 cells treated with baicalin were measured by Western blotting. After the orthotopic xenograft tumor model of colon cancer HCT116 cells in nude mice were constructed and treated with baicalin by gavage, the body weight of mice and the tumor size were checked, and the baicalin-induced apoptosis in xenograft tumors was also assayed using TUNEL methods. Results: As compared with baicalin-untreated control group, 50-800 μg/mL baicalin significantly suppressed the viability of colon cancer HCT116 cells (all P < 0.05). The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of baicalin in the normal colorectal mucosa FHC cells was significantly higher than that in colon cancer HCT116 cells (P < 0.01). After treatment with 200 and 400 μg/mL baicalin, the apoptosis rate of HCT116 cells was significantly increased (both P < 0.01). After treatment with 50 and 100 μg/mL baicalin for 48 h, the expression levels of cleaved-Parp-1 and cleaved-caspase 3 proteins were significantly up-regulated (all P < 0.01), while the expression levels of XIAP, NF-κB and Bcl-2 protein were significantly down-regulated (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, after treatment with 100 and 200 μg/mL baicalin, HCT116 cell cycle arrested at G1 phase (both P < 0.01). After treatment with 50 and 100 μg/mL baicalin for 48 h, the levels of cyclin D1 and cyclin B1 proteins in HCT116 cells were significantly downregulated (all P < 0.01). Additionally, baicalin significantly inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors in mice (P < 0.01), and promoted the apoptosis of tumor cells in vivo, but had no obvious effect on the body weight of mice (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Baicalin can inhibit the growth of colon cancer HCT116 cells in vivo and in vitro through inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase.

Objective To explore the distribution of inflam m atory cells and positive expression of P-se-lectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSG L-1) in infant brainstem tissue from hand-foot-m outh disease related fatal brainstem encephalitis. Methods Tw enty brainstem sam ples from infants suffered from brainstem en-cephalitis w ere collected as the experim ental group. Ten brainstem sam ples from infants died of non-brain diseases and injuries w ere collected as the control group. The distribution of inflam m atory cells and the expression of PSG L-1 in the tw o groups w ere exam ined by im m unohistochem ical m ethod. The characteristics of the positive cells w ere observed. Results In brainstem tissue of the experim ental group, there w ere sleeve infiltrations of inflam m atory cells around the vessels and in the glial nodule. Microglia was the m ost and following was neutrophils around the vessels and in the glial nodule. There was a significant statistical difference am ong m icroglias, neutrophils and lym phocytes (P<0.05). There was no sleeve infiltration in the control group. PSG L-1 protein was expressed w idely in inflam m atory cells in the experim ental group, especially in the inflam m atory cells around the vessels and in the glial nodule. B ut PSG L-1 positive staining could be observed significantly less in the control group com paring with the experim ental group (P<0.05). Conclusion Microglia is the m ain type of inflam m atory cells involved in the progress of the fatal disease. Moreover, PSG L-1 could participate in the pathogenesis of hand-foot-m outh disease related fatal brainstem encephalitis.

Objective Collagenous gastritis is a rare entity, characterized by the deposition of a subepithelial collagen band with an inflammatory infiltrate in the mucosa.This report describes the first case of collagenous gastritis occurring in a young Chinese woman and reviews the literatures.Methods The patient underwent the gastroscopy screening, and the biopsy specimens were treated with HE staining, Masson staining, Congo red staining and Warthin-Starry staining.Patients' clinical data was discussed and followed up.Results A twenty-year-old girl had intermittent epigastric pain for 4 years, abdominal distention, hiccup and weight loss for two months.The gastric endoscopy revealed diffuse white nodular appearance of the mucosa in angular incisure and antrum.Pathologic examination of the gastric biopsies from the antrum and angular showed a subepithelial collagen deposition with moderate infiltrates of lymphoplasma cells and eosinophils of the lamina propria.The collagen band measured up to 120.3 μm (mean 43.8 μm).Prednisone 20 mg/d for 4 weeks led to clinical remission and weight gain.Conclusion There are about 40 cases in literatures to date, and the cause and pathogenesis of collagenous gastritis remain unknown.According to the clinical and pathological characteristics, the patient in this article is the subtype of collagenous gastritis that occurring in children and young adults.Specific therapy has not been established, the gluten-free diet and glucocorticosteroid may be helpful to relieve symptoms in collagenous gastritis patients.

Objective:To evaluate the application value of patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC) algorithms in intralaboratory comparison between various hematology analyzers.Method:From April 1 st 2020 to March 31 th 2021, data of white blood cell (WBC) counts and daily comparison results of fresh venous blood, measured by five hematology analyzers, were collected at the Department of Laboratory Medicine in Hebei Children′s Hospital. First, the professional intelligent PBRTQC software system was applied to conduct the parameter setting, program establishment, and performance verification. Three concentration ranges of WBC were selected, low concentration (2.5-4.5)×10 9/L, medium concentration (6.0-8.0)×10 9/L and high concentration (12.0-14.0)×10 9/L for the comparison. Next, WBC counts were calculated with both of the EWMA and median methods, the results were then analyzed by PBRTQC using the module of"intralaboratory comparison of hematology analyzers". Finally, bias of intralaboratory comparison among various hematology analyzers analyzed by means of EWMA and daily comparison results of fresh venous blood were compared. Based on the standard of WS/T 406-2012,allowable error ±7.50% in WBC counts was set as the relative bias standard among different instruments. Results:(1) A total of 38 313 sample results were included, there were 70 warning results out of these samples based on the EWMA quality control method established on the data of patients with white blood cell count in our laboratory, with an early warning rate of 0.183‰, a probability of error detection of 100%, and a probability of false loss of control of 0. EWMA quality control efficiency met the quality objectives. (2) In the comparison monitoring of the results of 5 blood cell analyzers at high concentrations, the coincidence rate between EWMA and median method were both 100% (46/46) in weekly and monthly comparison, and EWMA could maintain a relatively stable monitoring efficiency in daily comparison. (3) In the selected natural month, the consistency rate between EWMA method and fresh blood comparison method was 95.24% (20/21).Conclusion:PBRTQC can be used as a valuable supplementary tool of IQC to continuously and effectively monitor the consistency of data derived from intralaboratory hematology analyzers with different bands and types, which can not only reduce the risk of quality and operating costs, but also improve the efficiency of laboratory management.