Purpose To investigate the relationship between the expression of Syk,VEGF-C and lymph node metastasis in breast carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemical EnVision and SP methods were used to detect the expression of Syk,NFκB(p65)and VEGF-C in 55 cases of breast carcinoma.Results The positive rates of Syk, VEGF-C and NFκB(p65)in 55 cases of breast carcinoma were 50.9%,56.4% and 81.8%,respectively.Lower positive rate of Syk was obtained in the group of positive lymph-node metastasis than that in the group of non-lymph-node metastasis (P<0.05);Higher positive rate of VEGF-C was obtained in the group of positive lymph-node metastasis than that in the group of non-lymph-node metastasis (P<0.05);But no significant differences was found in p65(P>0.75).Higher positive rate of p65 nuclear expression was obtained in the group of positive lymph-node metastasis than that in the group of non-lymph-node metastasis (P＜0.025).The expression of Syk was negatively associated with VEGF-C (r=-0.620,P=0.000);the nuclear expression of p65 was associated with the low expression of Syk(r=0.448,P=0.002)and the high expression of VEGF-C (r=0.310,P=0.036).Conclusions In breast carcinoma, Syk may downregulate the expression of VEGF-C by inhibiting the activation of NFκB, which suppresses the lymph node metastasis of the cancer.

Objective:This paper designs to analyze compensation patterns and compensation effects of cata-strophic disease insurance in L City, and put forward feasible suggestions to improve the compensation patterns of cat-astrophic disease insurance. Methods:We combined the relevant policy documents to analyze compensation patterns, and used benefit rate, OOP and The effective reimbursement rate to analyze compensation effects of catastrophic dis-ease insurance. Results:Catastrophic disease insurance benefit rate in L city in 2013 was 3. 2%; Rates of NCMS fund unilization was 92%, which diversed from county to county. Patients' OOP decreased significantly after reim-bursement of catastrophic disease insurance;Catastrophic disease insurance and NCMS total effective reimbursement rate reached 84.8%;The NCMS compensation rate reached 68. 9%, while fund incurred a financial deficit at the same time. Conclusion:Set deductibles, compensation rate and compensation range scientifically, and cancel ceiling level,improve the program of catastrophic disease insurance. Take measures to reduce the unfair between the districts and counties at city level. Establish effective link-up between catastrophic disease insurance and NCMS.

10.3969/j.issn.1008-9691.2013.03.015

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of the synthetic peptide RGDSY-CTTHWGFTLC on the biological behavior of breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro.

METHODSMCF-7 cells were incubated with different concentrations of the synthesized peptide RGDSY-CTTHWGFTLC (RGDSY-CTT), the positive control peptide CTTHWGFTLC (CTT), or the negative control peptide STTHWGFTLS (STT) in fibronectin-coated 96-well plates for different time lengths, and the changes in cell adhesion, invasiveness, proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle were detected using Transwell chamber assay, MTT assay, and flow cytometry.

RESULTSIncubation of the cells with 50, 100 and 200 µg/ml of RGDSY-CTT caused a significant concentration- dependent inhibition of the cell adhesion (cell adhesion rates of 85.1%, 74.1% and 63.8%, respectively) with stronger effects than CTT (P<0.05). At 100 and 200 µg/ml, RGDSY-CTT significantly inhibited the invasion (with inhibition rate of 41.8% and 63.9%, respectively) of MCF-7 cells with an effect similar to that by CTT (P>0.05). At 50, 100 and 200 µg/ml, RGDSY-CTT concentration-dependently suppressed MCF-7 cell proliferation (with cell proliferation rates of 98.8%, 82.4% and 63.0%, respectively), and this inhibitory effect was stronger than that of CTT at 100 and 200 µg/ml (P<0.05). The results of flow cytometry also demonstrated a stronger apoptosis-inducing effect of RGDSY-CTT (76.7%) than that in CTT, STT and the blank control groups (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSRGDSY-CTT can inhibit cell invasion, suppress adhesion and proliferation, and induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Peptides, Cyclic ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology

Objective To study the effect of the synthetic peptide RGDSY-CTTHWGFTLC on the biological behavior of breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro. Methods MCF-7 cells were incubated with different concentrations of the synthesized peptide RGDSY-CTTHWGFTLC (RGDSY-CTT), the positive control peptide CTTHWGFTLC (CTT), or the negative control peptide STTHWGFTLS (STT) in fibronectin-coated 96-well plates for different time lengths, and the changes in cell adhesion, invasiveness, proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle were detected using Transwell chamber assay, MTT assay, and flow cytometry. Results Incubation of the cells with 50, 100 and 200 μg/ml of RGDSY-CTT caused a significant concentration-dependent inhibition of the cell adhesion (cell adhesion rates of 85.1%, 74.1% and 63.8%, respectively) with stronger effects than CTT (P<0.05). At 100 and 200μg/ml, RGDSY-CTT significantly inhibited the invasion (with inhibition rate of 41.8%and 63.9%, respectively) of MCF-7 cells with an effect similar to that by CTT (P>0.05). At 50, 100 and 200 μg/ml, RGDSY-CTT concentration-dependently suppressed MCF-7 cell proliferation (with cell proliferation rates of 98.8%, 82.4% and 63.0%, respectively), and this inhibitory effect was stronger than that of CTT at 100 and 200 μg/ml (P<0.05). The results of flow cytometry also demonstrated a stronger apoptosis-inducing effect of RGDSY-CTT (76.7%) than that in CTT, STT and the blank control groups (P<0.05). Conclusions RGDSY-CTT can inhibit cell invasion, suppress adhesion and proliferation, and induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.

Objective To study the effect of the synthetic peptide RGDSY-CTTHWGFTLC on the biological behavior of breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro. Methods MCF-7 cells were incubated with different concentrations of the synthesized peptide RGDSY-CTTHWGFTLC (RGDSY-CTT), the positive control peptide CTTHWGFTLC (CTT), or the negative control peptide STTHWGFTLS (STT) in fibronectin-coated 96-well plates for different time lengths, and the changes in cell adhesion, invasiveness, proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle were detected using Transwell chamber assay, MTT assay, and flow cytometry. Results Incubation of the cells with 50, 100 and 200 μg/ml of RGDSY-CTT caused a significant concentration-dependent inhibition of the cell adhesion (cell adhesion rates of 85.1%, 74.1% and 63.8%, respectively) with stronger effects than CTT (P<0.05). At 100 and 200μg/ml, RGDSY-CTT significantly inhibited the invasion (with inhibition rate of 41.8%and 63.9%, respectively) of MCF-7 cells with an effect similar to that by CTT (P>0.05). At 50, 100 and 200 μg/ml, RGDSY-CTT concentration-dependently suppressed MCF-7 cell proliferation (with cell proliferation rates of 98.8%, 82.4% and 63.0%, respectively), and this inhibitory effect was stronger than that of CTT at 100 and 200 μg/ml (P<0.05). The results of flow cytometry also demonstrated a stronger apoptosis-inducing effect of RGDSY-CTT (76.7%) than that in CTT, STT and the blank control groups (P<0.05). Conclusions RGDSY-CTT can inhibit cell invasion, suppress adhesion and proliferation, and induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a neuroendocrine tumor with fast progression, high malignancy, easy recurrence, and extremely poor prognosis. In the past 30 years, the clinical treatment strategy of SCLC has been mainly chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but the curative effect is not significant; the current immunotherapy of SCLC has gradually entered the clinic and has made certain progress. Tumor immunotherapy includes immune checkpoint inhibitors, tumor vaccines, cytokines, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy (CAR-T) therapy, etc. Currently, immune checkpoint inhibitors are the most widely used. This article summarizes the principles of immune checkpoint inhibitors and related drugs, summarizes their domestic and foreign clinical trials progress in SCLC treatment, reviews the biomarkers used in the therapy, and discusses its future development direction.
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Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use* ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ; Immunotherapy ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/drug therapy*

ObjectiveTo explore the association between short-term exposure to atmospheric fine particulate matter （PM_2.5） and ozone （O₃） and systemic inflammatory indicators in patients with pneumonia， and to identify the susceptible populations. MethodsFrom September 2018 to April 2020， data of 1 480 patients admitted for pneumonia was collected from a tertiary hospital in Taiyuan City. Generalized additive models （GAMs） were used to explore the associations between PM_2.5 and O₃ exposure and inflammatory indicators of patients with pneumonia； and to explore the susceptibility factors and susceptible populations to PM_2.5 and O₃ exposures through stratified analyses. ResultsThe short-term exposure to PM_2.5 was associated with changes in peripheral blood C-reation protein （CRP）， erythrocyte sedimentation （ESR）， easinophil （EOS）， neutrophil （NEU） and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio （NLR） in patients with pneumonia， and there were different degrees of hysteresis effects， with the effect values reaching a maximum at lag03， lag03， lag0， lag03， lag03， respectively， which were 4.13% （95%CI： 0.43%‒7.84%）， 3.10% （95%CI： 0.24%‒5.97%）， 5.27% （95%CI： 3.12%‒7.42%）， 1.85% （95%CI： 0.36%‒3.34%）， and 2.53% （95%CI： 0.53%‒4.74%） for every 10 μg·m^-3 of PM_2.5. The changes in O₃ concentration were associated with the elevation of peripheral blood PCT and ESR in patients with pneumonia， and their effect values all reached the maximum at lag01 d， every 1 μg·m^-3 of O₃ elevation increased by 0.38% （95%CI： 0.04%‒0.73%） and 0.47% （95%CI： 0.19%‒0.76%）， respectively. Stratified analyses showed that the associations of PM_2.5 with peripheral blood CRP， ESR， NEU， and NLR in pneumonia patients were more significant in males， the elderly， and those with onset in the cold season； the associations of O₃ with peripheral blood PCT and ESR in pneumonia patients were more significant in the elderly and those with onset in the warm season， and the peripheral blood CRP and PCT in female patients with pneumonia were more susceptible to the changes of O₃. ConclusionShort-term exposure to atmospheric PM_2.5 and O₃ are positively associated with changes in inflammatory indicators in patients with pneumonia， and the effects of PM_2.5 on patients with pneumonia are more extensive than those of O₃， with a longer lag effect. In addition， elderly patients with pneumonia are more sensitive to air pollution， male patients with pneumonia are more sensitive to PM_2.5， and female patients with pneumonia are more sensitive to O₃. Cold and warm seasons can exacerbate the effects of PM_2.5 and O₃ on inflammatory indicators in patients with pneumonia， respectively， and the patients must be protected well.