BACKGROUND:Glutathione S-transferase can get rid of active oxygen and enhance organism's antioxidative capability.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the association between glutathione S-transferase P1-105 (GSTP1-105)genetic polymorphisms and human exercise capacity in the high altitude environment.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A controlled analysis was performed in the PLA Institute of Physical Education in 2007.PARTICIPANTS:A total of 86 professional mountain climbers who had strong physical performance in the high altitude environment served as experimental subjects.An additional 90 healthy students randomly selected from the PLA Institute of Physical Education served as controls.METHODS:Blood sample was taken from 86 experimental subjects and 90 healthy controls for extraction of genome DNA.GSTP1-105 genetic polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.Distribution of GSTP1-105 alleles and genotypes were compared between experimental and control subjects.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Distribution of GSTP1-105 genotype.RESULTS:Totally 3 GSTP1-105 genotypes were detected:homozygous genotype of the A allele (NA,also called wide type genotype),heterozygous genotype (NG),and homozygous genotype of the G allele (G/G).The frequency of the G allele and variant genotype (A/G+G/G)were significantly lower in the experimental than in the control subjects (P＜0.01).Variant genotype (A/G+G/G)was taken as an exposure factor,then OR=2.19 and 95% CI=1.16-4.13,indicating that in the high altitude environment,the exercise capacity in individuals with GSTP1-105 variant genotype was decreased by 1.19 times than that in individuals with GSTP1-105 wide type genotype.CONCLUSION:GSTP1-105 genetic polymorphisms correlate to human exercise capacity in the high altitude environment.Subjects with wide type genotype have exercise predominance.

Objective To investigate the expression and possible function of tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101) in multidrug-resistant cell lines of gastric cancer.Methods The expression of TSG101 was examined in gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 and its vincristine(VCR)-resistant subline SGC7901/VCR with semi -quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. TSG101 eukaryotic expression vector was transfected into SGC7901 cells by lipofectamine TM 2000. The expression levels of TSG101 in SGC7901 and the transfectants were detected with Western blot. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting was applied to examine the cell cycle alteration and the intracellular mean fluorescence intensity of adriamycin (ADR). Growth curve and drug sensitivity of cells to VCR and ADR were analyzed by MTT assay.Results TSG101 was highly expressed in VCR resistant gastric cancer cells. The expression of TSG101 in TSG101 transfectants was up-regulated compared with that in SGC7901 transfected with empty vector or in SGC7901 cells. TSG101 transfectants were accumulated in S phase, with a concomitant decrease of cell population in G 1 phase. MTT assay showed that TSG101 transfectants proliferated rapidly and were more resistant to VCR and ADR than control cells. Conclusions The over-expression of TSG101 could promote the multidrug resistance phenotype of sGC7901 cells. TSG101 may play a certain role in multidrug resistance of gastric cancer.

OBJECTIVE To investigate genes associated with aminoglycosides modification enzymes(AMEs) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PAE) isolated from ICU patients.METHODS Drug-reisistant genes encoding AMEs such as aac(3)-Ⅰ,aac(3)-Ⅱ,aac(6′)-Ⅰ,aac(6′)-Ⅱ,ant(3″)-Ⅰ and ant(2″)-Ⅰ were detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)(amplification) in 21 PAE isolates.RESULTS The positive rates of aac(3)-Ⅱ,aac(6′)-Ⅰ,aac(6′)-Ⅱ,ant(3″)-Ⅰ,ant(2″)-Ⅰ and aac(3)-Ⅰ genes were positive in 19.0%,23.8%,9.5%,4.8%,19.0% and 0% of 21 isolates,respectively. Drug-resistant genes encoding AMEs were detected positively in 42.8% of 21 isolates.(CONCLUSIONS) AMEs genes are present in high percentage of PAE isolated from ICU patients.

OBJECTIVE To investigate genes associated with the drug-resistance of ?-lactam antibiotics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PAE) isolated from clinical patients. METHODS ?-Lactamase genes including TEM,SHV,OXA-10,PER,VEB,GES,CARB,IMP,VIM,SPM,GIM,DHA,FOX,MOX and oprD2 were detected by PCR amplification in 33 PAE isolates. RESULTS TEM,SHV,GES,CARB and VIM genes were positive in 100%,6.1%,6.1%,9.1% and 12.1% of 33 isolates,respectively.The deletion of oprD2 gene was found in 22 isolates.Other ?-lactamase genes were absent in all isolates.By PCR amplification,DNA sequencing and BLASTn comparison analysis,the CARB genes of 2 strains were demonstrated to be CARB-3 and the VIM genes of 2 strains were VIM-2. CONCLUSIONS P.aeruginosa carries various beta-lactamase genes in clinical PAE patients,and the deletion ratio of oprD2 gene is high.

Objective To investigate the influence of peer education on maintenance knowledge of patients with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) outside the hospital.Methods 74 patients with PICC were divided into the intervention group and the control group with 37 patients in each group according to the random digit table,the intervention group received peer education and the conventional health education,while the control group only received routine health education.The maintenance knowledge of PICC was investigated with questionnaires and the results were analyzed.Results xfter intervention,the maintenance knowledge of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group [(36.95±2.84) scores vs.(31.78 ± 4.79) scores,t=5.639,P＜0.05].The incidence rate of complications in the intervention group was lower than that of the control group [21.6％ (8/37) vs.62.2％(23/37),x2=12.491,P＜0.01].Conclusions The peer education can improve patients' maintenance knowledge about PICC and reduce the occurrence rate of the complications of PICC.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the existence of genes for beta-lactam antibiotic resistance and for aminoglycosides modification enzymes(AMEs) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PAE) isolates from ICU patients and analyze the homology among strains.METHODS ?-Lactamase genes including TEM,SHV,OXA-10,PER,VEB,GES,CARB,IMP,VIM,SPM,GIM,DHA,FOX,MOX and oprD2,were detected by PCR amplication in 21 PAE isolates.The genes for AMES including aac(3)-Ⅰ,aac(3)-Ⅱ,aac(6′)-Ⅰ,aac(6′)-Ⅱ,ant(3″)-Ⅰ and ant(2″)-Ⅰwere determined by PCR amplification as well.RESULTS Among 21 isolates 21(100%),2(9.5%),1(4.8%),2(9.5%)and 4(19.0%) were positive for TEM,SHV,GES,CARB and VIM genes,respectively.The deletion of oprD2 gene was found in 14 out of 21 strains.Other ?-lactamase genes were absent in all isolates.As for AME genes,aac(3)-Ⅱ,aac(6″)-Ⅰ,aac(6)-Ⅱ,ant(3″)-Ⅰ,ant(2″)-Ⅰ and aac(3)-Ⅰgenes were present in 19.0%,23.8%,9.5%,4.8%,and 19.0% of 21 isolates,However,aac(3)-Ⅰ gene was no position in any isolates.CONCLUSIONS P.aeruginosa carries various beta-lactamase and AME genes in ICU patients.Genetic cluster analysis suggested that clonal propagation result in nosocomial infection of PAE.

Aim To investigate the influence of iridosides of cornus officinalis(ICO) on morphology, cell cycle and oxidative stress of glomerular mesangial cells(GMC) cultured with advanced glycation end products(AGEs). Methods GMC were incubated in culture medium containing AGEs in the presence of ICO and aminoguanidin for 48 hours. At the same time, the control and model groups were added. Then the cultured GMC were stained by mixed fluorescence liquid and observed under fluorescence microscope. Cell cycle of GMC were analyzed using flowcytometry. The content of MDA, activity of SOD and GSH-Px in GMC supernatant were measured. The level of ROS was detected using flowcytometry. Result Morphology analysis showed that the morphology and structure of normal GMC were normal. The structure of most cells in AGEs were unclear, cell counts increased largely and they grow intensively. Cell cycle analysis showed that cell percentage of S phase increased and G_0/G_1 reduced. The level of ROS, MDA remarkably increased, and SOD, GSH-Px activity reduced. When the ICO were added, cell morphology tended to be basically normal and cell counts decreased, the percentale of S phase also decreased. The level of ROS, MDA and the SOD, GSH-Px activity restored in comparison with the model groups. Conclusion ICO can prevent the cultured GMC from lesion caused by AGEs. ICO may protect GMC from AGES to retard the progression of diabetic nepropathy by partially inhibiting the occurrence of oxidative stress.

Objective To evaluate the techniques and efficacy of artery embolization in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BHP).Methods This study included 12 patients(age range,61-82 years) who were diagnosed to have BHP by clinical manifestations,CT and B-ultrasound,with the disease course of 2-16 years.The relevant parameters were as follows:mean residual urine(RU) of 138 ml,Qmax of 9.6 ml/s,mean IPSS of 24.2 and QOL of 4.8.In these patients,the prostate blood-supply arteries were confirmed by super-selective arteriography,and were embolized by injection of PVA and Gelfoam via artery catheters.The pre-and post-operative IPSS,QOL,Qmax and RU were compared.Meanwhile the changes of prostate volume and blood supply were evaluated by CT and B-ultrasound.In addition,the change of urethral diameter was evaluated by urethrography.Results In the 12 patients,21 prostate blood-supply arteries were embolized,including 5 branches of internal iliac artery,9 branches of inferior vesical artery,5 branches of internal pudendal artery,2 branches of obturator artery.The arteries were embolized bilaterally in 9 patients and embolized unilaterally in 3 patients.Postoperatively,the mean IPSS was 4.8;QOL,1.3;Qmax,18.9 ml/s;RU,0-3 ml,which indicated that the urethral obstruction was obviously improved after operation.CT and B-ultrasound showed that the prostate volume was obviously decreased from 127 ml to 90 ml on average with a reduction rate of 71%,and the urethral stricture disappeared on X-ray examination.Color Doppler imaging showed that the blood supply inside the prostate was reduced.Conclusions The artery embolization for the treatment of BHP is a new method with several virtues of less trauma, marked effect,better safety and fewer complications.

Objective To construct a plasmid DNA encoding G glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) and investigate the protective immune response against RSV infection. Methods Recombinant plasmid DNA of pcDNA3.1~G was constructed by standard RT-PCR based cloning procedure. The immunogenicity of recombinant G protein transiently expressed in HEK293 cells was detected by Western blot. BABL/c mice were intramuscularly immunized with pcDNA3.1~G. Samples of lung, sera, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were collected before and after RSV challenge; virus titer in lung was detected by viral titration; sections of paraffin embedding lung tissues were stained by haematoxylin and eosin(HE) for histological analyses; sera anti-RSV IgG levels were examined by ELISA; Th1/Th2 cytokine were detected by ELISA kit, the T lymphocyte subsets of BALF was determined by immunefluorescence staining followed by flow cytometry. Results Plasmid DNA of pcDNA3.1~G was successfully constructed. The expressed target protein possesses immunogenicity. After challenge, pcDNA3.1~G immunized mice presented relieved pathological changes in lung as well as reduced lung viral titers. The RSV specific IgG was detected in sera of immunized mice. There was significantly increased number of CD25~+CD4~+ T cells in mice BALF. Conclusion We constructed a pcDNA3.1~G plasmid DNA vaccination which can induce evident protective cellular immunity against RSV infection in mice with the increased number of CD25~+CD4~+ T cell subpopulation.

Objective:To explore the effect of case teaching in clinical nursing teaching and medical ethics ed-ucation in the department of cardiology. Methods: A sample of 75 nurse interns came to practice in November 2014 to April 2015 were allocated to the control group, while 96 nurse interns came in July 2015 to December 2015 were allocated to the experimental group. The interns in control group were taught according to the traditional teach-ing method, and the case teaching method was used in the experimental group. The scores of critical thinking abili-ty and the times of praise were compared between the two groups. Results:Both critical thinking ability and praise of the interns in the experimental group were better than those in the control group ( P<0 . 01 ) . Conclusion:In-troducing the case teaching method to clinical nursing teaching and moral education can improve nurse interns′clin-ical critical thinking ability and stimulate the enthusiasm for learning. Meanwhile, it is beneficial to cultivate nurse interns′medical humanistic spirit and improve the medical humanistic quality.