OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of levofloxacin by PVC membrane selective electrode. METHODS: A glass electrode coated with levofloxacin PVC membrane was prepared for the first time with the molecular complex of levofloxacin iodide and bismuth iodide as electric active material, and a series study was performed on its responsibility. RESULTS: The electrode gave Nernst response to levofloxacin over the concentration range of 5.0?10-3～1.0?10-5 moL?L-1 with a slope rate of 56.5mV?pC-1, a suitable pH of 2.5～4.0, and an average recovery rate of 98.31%～101.6%(2.80%～4.90%). CONCLUSION: The electrode was simple in operation, and it has a rapid response and good reproducibility, and it is applicable for the quantitative determination of levofloxacin.

Objective:To determine the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) in patients with psoriasis, and to evaluate the effect of tazarotene and narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) on the expression of MMP13 in mice with psoriasis-like dermatitis.Methods:Lesional skin tissues and normal skin tissues were collected from 18 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 10 healthy controls respectively, who were enrolled from General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between May 2019 and August 2019, and serum samples were collected from all the subjects. A total of 25 specific pathogen-free (SPF) male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, imiquimod group, imiquimod+NB-UVB group, imiquimod+tazarotene group and imiquimod+tazarotene+NB-UVB group. The control group received topical vaseline cream on the back once every morning; imiquimod group and imiquimod+NB-UVB group received imiquimod cream on the back once every morning; imiquimod+tazarotene group and imiquimod+tazarotene+NB-UVB group received imiquimod cream on the back once every morning, and tazarotene cream on the back once at night; imiquimod+NB-UVB group and imiquimod+tazarotene+NB-UVB group received NB-UVB irradiation on the back every other day at noon, with the dose being 300 mJ/cm 2 in the first session and increasing by 50 mJ/cm 2 in every session. The modeling lasted 7 days. After successful modeling, blood samples were obtained from the eyeballs of the mice, and skin tissues were resected from the back of the mice after being sacrificed by cervical dislocation on day 8. Changes in the epidermal thickness and pathological manifestations were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, protein expression of MMP13 in skin tissues was determined by immunohistochemical study, and the serum level of MMP13 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Comparisons between 2 groups were performed by using two-independent-sample t test, comparisons among several groups by using one-way analysis of variance, multiple comparisons by using least significant difference- t test, and comparisons of enumeration data by using chi-square test. Results:The skin lesions of the patients with psoriasis were strongly positive for MMP13, and the MMP13 expression levels in the epidermis and serum (84.11±17.16, 13.29±3.95 μg/L, respectively) were significantly higher in the patients with psoriasis than in the healthy controls (11.98±4.08, 7.46±1.58 μg/L, respectively, both P< 0.01) . Compared with the control group (1.26±0.04 μm, 25.40±2.34, 185.76±7.22 μg/L, respectively) , a significant increase was observed in the epidermis thickness (7.93±0.59 μm, P< 0.01) , as well as MMP13 levels in the epidermis and serum in the imiquimod group (147.14±5.53, 215.98±15.17 μg/L, respectively, both P< 0.01) . Compared with the imiquimod group, the imiquimod+tazarotene group, imiquimod+NB-UVB group, and imiquimod+tazarotene+NB-UVB group all showed significantly decreased epidermal thickness (3.56±0.37 μm, 3.83±0.39 μm, 2.14±0.34 μm, respectively, all P< 0.05) , MMP13 levels in the epidermis (120.42±3.23, 91.08±0.46, 71.12±7.11, respectively, all P< 0.05) and serum (197.39±3.92 μg/L, 196.13±11.76 μg/L, 183.21±14.99 μg/L, respectively, all P< 0.05) . Conclusions:MMP13 protein expression markedly increased in the skin lesions and sera of patients with psoriasis, and decreased in skin lesions and sera of mice with psoriasis-like dermatitis after the treatment with tazarotene and NB-UVB. MMP13 may be involved in the development of psoriasis, and tazarotene and NB-UVB may inhibit the development of psoriasis by reducing the expression of MMP13.

Since initiation of training on laboratory of molecular biology in my school, we accumulated experience in teaching process especially among international students and application of pedagogy as well as technology. Strengths, weakness and opportunities are analyzed to improve teaching quality.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CMS50F for screening in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Sixty-four volunteers with suspected OSAHS underwent simultaneous noc?turnal polysomnography (PSG), micromovement sensitive mattress sleep monitoring system(MSMSMS)and CMS50F. The ap?nea-hypopnea index (AHI) detected by PSG and MSMSMS was used as the diagnostic standard for OSAHS. The reliability of CMS50F for monitoring sleep was assessed. Results There was no statistic difference in CMS50F-ODI3 and PSG-AHI be?tween normal, mild and moderate OSAHS groups(P>0.05). The CMS50F-ODI3 was smaller than the PSG-AHI in severe OSAHS patients(P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between CMS50F-ODI3 and PSG-AHI(r=0.855, P < 0.05). PSG-AHI≥5 events per hour was used as the threshold value to diagnose OSAHS, the sensitivity and specificity of CMS50F were 94.5%and 88.9%. There were no significant differences in CMS50F-ODI3 and MSMSMS-AHI between normal, mild and moderate OSAHS patients(P>0.05). The value of CMS50F-ODI3 was smaller than MSMSMS-AHI in severe OSAHS patients (P < 0.05). There was also a significant correlation between CMS50F- ODI3 and MSMSMS-AHI (r=0.867,P <0.05). MSMSMS-AHI≥5 events per hour was used as the threshold value to diagnose OSAHS, the sensitivity and specificity of CMS50F were 94.5%and 88.9%. Conclusion CMS50F can be used as a portable and reliable device for screening of pa?tients suspected OSAHS.

Objective: To investigate the health effects of air pollution on elementary school students with the indicator of absenteeism caused by respiratory symptoms and diseases, and to provide a reference for improving their physical health. Methods: Absenteeism, air pollutants, and meteorological data during Sep. 2015 to Jun. 2017 in Pudong, Shanghai were collected. Generalized additive model was used to estimate the effects of air pollution on students’ absenteeism caused by respiratory symptom and diseases, time trends, day of week and meteorological factors were controlled. Results: Totally 47 723 person-days of elementary school students’ absenteeism caused by respiratory symptoms and diseases were recorded during Sep.2015 to Jun. 2016 in Pudong, Shanghai, and the absenteeism rate was 0.07%. The PM2.5 concentration on lag0 and SO2 concentration on lag2 showed the most significant effects, the elementary school students’ absenteeism raised for 1.43% (95%CI=0.25%~2.62%)and 6.79% (95%CI=0.25%~13.32%) respectively with every 10 μg/m3 increment of PM2.5 and SO2. Conclusion Air pollution in Pudong new area have made a influence on the elementary school student’s respiratory symptoms and absenteeism, and the prevention work of air pollution should be strenghthened.

Objective:To analyze the changes of T cell immunoglobulin- and mucin-domain-containing molecule-3 (TIM-3) in serum of patients with liver cancer and its diagnostic value.Methods:From March 2021 to May 2021, 37 patients with viral hepatitis type B (hepatitis B group) , 44 patients with liver cirrhosis (liver cirrhosis group) and 27 patients with liver cancer (liver cancer group) were selected in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, and 35 healthy subjects who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the healthy control group. The serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) , liver function indexes and TIM-3 levels were detected, and the differences among groups were analyzed. The correlations between TIM-3 and AFP and liver function indexes were analyzed by Spearman correlation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of TIM-3 in liver cancer.Results:There was a statistically significant difference in AFP among the hepatitis B group, liver cirrhosis group and liver cancer group ( χ2=11.75, P=0.003) . There were statistically significant differences in total bilirubin ( χ2=22.85, P<0.001) , direct bilirubin ( χ2=25.90, P<0.001) , indirect bilirubin ( χ2=19.92, P<0.001) , alanine aminotransferase ( χ2=36.64, P<0.001) , aspertate aminotransferase ( χ2=26.26, P<0.001) , aspertate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ( χ2=34.67, P<0.001) and total bile acid ( χ2=13.10, P<0.001) among the hepatitis B group, liver cirrhosis group and liver cancer group. The serum levels of TIM-3 in the healthy control group, hepatitis B group, liver cirrhosis group and liver cancer group were 11.1 (4.2, 14.4) ng/ml, 12.7 (4.3, 23.9) ng/ml, 11.4 (3.4, 17.0) ng/ml and 15.7 (10.5, 21.2) ng/ml, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=11.85, P=0.008) . There were statistically significant differences between the liver cancer group and healthy control group and liver cirrhosis group (both P<0.05) . Spearman correlation analysis showed that TIM-3 had no correlation with AFP in the four groups ( r=0.05, P=0.791; r=0.18, P=0.497; r=0.03, P=0.883; r=0.24, P=0.396) . There were correlations between serum TIM-3 and total protein in the healthy control group ( r=0.36, P=0.036) , serum TIM-3 and globulin in the hepatitis B group ( r=0.35, P=0.034) , and serum TIM-3 and total bile acid in the liver cancer group ( r=0.46, P=0.017) . ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity of serum TIM-3 for the diagnosis of liver cancer was 48.10%, and the specificity was 91.43%, when taking healthy subjects as the control group. The sensitivity of serum TIM-3 for the diagnosis of liver cancer was 96.30%, and the specificity was 41.77%, when taking healthy subjects and liver cirrhosis patients as the control group. The sensitivity of serum TIM-3 for the diagnosis of liver cancer was 96.30%, and the specificity was 40.52%, when taking healthy subjects, hepatitis B patients and liver cirrhosis patients as the control group. Conclusion:The serum level of TIM-3 in patients with liver cancer is significantly increased, which has certain diagnostic value for liver cancer, and can be used as a diagnostic marker and potential therapeutic target for liver cancer patients.

Objective:To study the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in pregnancy.Methods:This study involved six pregnant patients with PHPT who were admitted to Ruijin Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University from August 2014 to November 2019. Their clinical manifestations, treatment strategies (multidisciplinary consultation with departments including Obstetrics, Endocrinology, Neonatology, General Surgery, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit), maternal complications and maternal and infant outcomes were described and retrospectively analyzed.Results:(1) The median age of the six patients was 34(23-38) years old. PHPT was diagnosed in one case before pregnancy, four in the second or third trimester and one after delivery. The main clinical manifestations of four cases were nausea, vomiting, anorexia and other non-specific symptoms. Anemia was the most common maternal complication (five cases). Other complications included hypercalcemia crisis with renal failure (one case), multiple bone destruction and osteoporosis (one case). The median levels of serum calcium, parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were 3.08 (2.84-4.21) mmol/L, 216.7(93.1-2 603.6) ng/L and 29.66 (13.50-90.24) nmol/L, respectively. Results of parathyroid ultrasonography showed all patients had hypoechoic focus. Four cases underwent routine parathyroid radionuclide imaging showing abnormal radioactive concentration areas. (2) Obstetricians initiated the multidisciplinary team (MDT) for all patients to determine the treatment plans after communication with the patients and their families. One case received surgical treatment five months after delivery. Three cases received surgical treatment in the second trimester and among them, one terminated the pregnancy in the second trimester and the other two continued and achieved good pregnancy outcomes. Two cases underwent surgical treatment after giving up pregnancy and induced abortion. Postoperative pathology revealed that five cases were isolated parathyroid adenoma and one was parathyroid carcinoma. All of the patients were followed up and no abnormal serum calcium was reported. (3) One newborn had hypocalcemic convulsions one month after birth and was recovered by intravenous calcium supplementation. The newborn was followed up and the serum calcium level was normal so far. The other two neonates had normal serum calcium during follow-ups, but one of them was diagnosed with autism at the age of four and is now undergoing rehabilitation treatment.Conclusions:Pregnancy complicated by PHPT may lead to serious maternal and infant complications. MDT consultation ensures timely diagnosis, comprehensive treatment for the patients and better pregnancy outcomes.

Objective: To examine the mediating effects of blood pressure, glucose, lipids, and serum uric acid on the association between childhood overweight/obesity and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases during childhood. Methods: One public school in Huantai County, Zibo City was selected to conduct the baseline survey from November 2017 to January 2018 using a convenient cluster sampling method. A total of 1 400 children aged 6 to 11 were included in the study. According to the classification criteria based on body mass index (BMI), participants were divided into the non overweight/obese group ( n =787) and the overweight/obese group ( n =613). The mediating effects of metabolic variables on the association between childhood overweight/obesity and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) were analyzed using the "mediation" package in R software. Results: Children who were overweight/obese had higher levels of BMI- Z score (2.0±0.8), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (109.1±8.9 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (65.4±6.8 mmHg), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (4.8±0.5 mmol/L), insulin (INS) (11.3±7.6 μU/mL), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) (0.7±0.2 g/L), lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (2.4±0.7 mmol/L), total cholesterol (TC) (4.2±0.9 mmol/L), triglycerides (TG) (0.9±0.4 mmol/L), and serum uric acid (SUA) (321.2±91.4 μmol/L) compared to those who were non-overweight/obese [the corresponding values were (-0.2±0.7),(104.3±8.8) mmHg, (62.2±6.2) mmHg, (4.7±0.6) mmol/L, (6.1±4.2) μU/mL, (0.6±0.2) g/L, (2.2±0.6) mmol/L, (4.1±0.7) mmol/L, (0.7±0.2) mmol/L, and (278.6±74.7) μmol/L, respectively], whereas the levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were lower in overweight/obese children (1.5±0.3 mmol/L) than in non-overweight/obese children (1.7±0.4 mmol/L). All differences were statistically significant ( t =53.66, 9.88, 9.19, 3.60, 16.32, 7.36, 5.11, 2.55, 11.08, 9.58, -10.31, P <0.05). After adjusting for potential covariates, overweight/obese children had 8.72 times increased risk of developing LVH compared to the non-overweight/obese children ( OR=8.72, 95%CI =5.45-14.66， P <0.01). Mediation analysis showed that INS, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG, ApoB, and SUA partially mediated the association between childhood overweight/obesity and LVH, and among these, INS and TG had relatively strong mediating effects, accounting for 28.05% and 13.71% of the total effects, respectively. Conclusions INS, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG, ApoB, and SUA are intermediate risk factors on the association between childhood overweight/obesity and LVH. Keeping metabolic indicators (especially INS and TG) at healthy levels is particularly important for reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases in overweight/obese children.

Objective: To investigate the effect of resveratrol on peak bone mineral density and bone mass in growing rats. Methods: Thirty-six female healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, icariin group and resveratrol group with 12 rats in each group. Icariin (25 mg·kg^-1·d^-1), resveratrol (8.4 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) or equal volume of distilled water were given by gavage to icariin group, resveratrol group and control group, respectively. The rats were sacrificed after 12 weeks. The organ indexes were calculated and pathology sections were observed; the bone mineral density (BMD), bone biomechanics, serum bone metabolism index, and results of micro-CT scan were analyzed. Results: During the experiment, the body weight of rats showed an increasing trend and there was no significant difference among three groups (P0.05). There were no significant differences in organ index of vital organs and pathological changes among the groups (all P0.05). Compared with the control group, the whole body BMD, and the BMDs of femur and vertebrae in icariin and resveratrol groups were significantly increased after 12 weeks (all P<0.05). The maximum load values of femur and vertebrae, as well as elastic modulus of vertebrae in icariin and resveratrol groups were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Micro-CT scan showed that the volumetric BMD, number of trabecular, trabecular thickness and bone volume/tissue volume of the cancellous bone in icariin and resveratrol groups were significantly higher and the trabecular separation was significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01); while there was no significant difference in volumetric BMD of cortical bone for femur. The contents of osteocalcin in icariin and resveratrol groups were significantly higher than those in control group (all P<0.05), while the contents of tartarte-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP5b) were significantly lower than those in control group (all P<0.05).Conclusion: Resveratrol can inhibit bone resorption and enhance bone formation, so as to improve the peak bone mass and bone density, enhance bone strength and improve the microstructure of bone tissue in young rats.
Animals ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Bone and Bones ; diagnostic imaging ; drug effects ; Female ; Femur ; drug effects ; Osteocalcin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar ; Resveratrol ; pharmacology ; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective    To investigate the value of chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) score in evaluating the severity of hip fracture-induced early acute lung injury (ALI) in the elderly patients. Methods    The clinical data of 289 elderly hip fracture patients in Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from July 2014 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into two groups, including an ALI group (n=114, 36 males and 78 females at age of 82.94±6.85 years) and a non-ALI group (n=175, 51 males and 124 females at age of 84.42±6.31 years). General information, chest HRCT scores and PaO2/FiO2 were compared between the two groups. Correlation analysis was used to compare the relationship between chest HRCT scores and PaO2/FiO2. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis was applied to evaluate the effective extent of the diffuse ground glass opacity (DGGO), intense parenchymal opacification (IPO), and reticulation HRCT scores to the overall HRCT scores. Results    The DGGO scores, IPO scores, reticulation scores, overall HRCT scores and PaO2/FiO2 were higher in the ALI group than those in the non-ALI group (P<0.001). In the ALI group, correlation analysis showed that DGGO, overall HRCT scores were in significantly negative correlation with PaO2/FiO2 (P<0.001). In addition, the correlation among PaO2/FiO2 and overall HRCT scores was more significant than that of DGGO scores. Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that DGGO, IPO, and reticulation scores were independent influencing factors for overall HRCT scores. Among the influencing factors, DGGO scores had the greatest impact, then IPO scores and reticulation scores. The HRCT signs of DGGO, IPO, and reticulation appeared simultaneously had the greatest effects on the overall HRCT scores. Conclusion    The chest HRCT score, which is associated with PaO2/FiO2, also can be used in the severity assessment of elderly patients with early ALI caused by hip fracture.