As China is the birthplace of traditional Chinese medicine, herbal compound is an important part of Chinese traditional culture, and is the field with China’s most obvious advantage and national features to participate in international competition. This article provided several suggestions according to the compound patent application document drafting including specification,claim of rights, and“novelty, creativity, practicability”investigation angle in order to enhance quality of herbal compound patent writing.

OBJECTIVE To investigate drug-resistance status of Klebsiella pneumoniae(KPN) among oil field staff-workers and provide the evidence for clinical application of antibiotics.METHODS Referring to the National Clinical Laboratory Operation Rules,KPN strains were isolated and identified.The drug-sensitivity testing was performed by K-B methods.The extended-spectrum-?-lactamases(ESBLs) producers were detected by double-disc synergy test and disc confirming test.RESULTS The 276 strains of KPN were mainly isolated from respiratory tract and urinary tract.The isolating rate of ESBLs-producing KPN was 37.0%.The results of susceptibility testing showed the drug-resistance to common antibiotics in ESBLs producers was generally higher than that in ESBLs nonproducer.There was no KPN resistant to imipenem and meropenem.CONCLUSIONS Drug-resistance status of KPN in a oil field hospital is very serious.We should strengthen monitoring and controlling of it.

OBJECTIVE To approach the distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PAE) in nosocomial infection in intensive care unit(ICU) and provide the evidence for clinical controlling of it.METHODS Clinical data of nosocomial infection with PAE isolated from ICU from Jan 2005 to Dec 2008 were investigated retrospectively.The results of susceptibility test in 277 PAE strains were analyzed statistically.RESULTS PAE strains were mostly isolated from respiratory tract(56.0%).The drug resistance rates to ceftriaxone,cefotaxime and gentamicin were all above 64.0%.PAE was resistant to the other antibiotics in different degrees.The suceptibility rates to imipenem,meropenem,amikacin,cefoperazone/sulbactam,piperacillin/tazobactam and levofloxacin were all above 74.0%.CONCLUSIONS The clinician should use the antibiotics reasonably according to etiological testing to elevate the level of anti-infection treatment.

Objective To observe the influence of Kuailvning capsule(KLN)and its drug serum on the concentration of Ca2 + in rat ventricular muscle cells.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:the control group,serum control group,KLN high -dose group,KLN medium -dose group and KLN low -dose group,six mice in each group.The rat ventricular myocytes were separated by enzymatic hydrolysis.The influence of KLN and its drug serum on the concentration of Ca2 + in rat ventricular muscle cells were observed by Fluo -3 /AMprobe.Results The mean fluorescence intensity of cytosolic Ca2 + in the KLN high -dose group,KLN medium -dose group and KLN low -dose group after 50s,100s,150s,200s,250s were [(18.75 ±1.55),(16.69 ±0.93),(17.76 ±1.26)], [(25.47 ±1.118),(17.86 ±1.49),(17.81 ±1.13)],[(29.05 ±1.31),(20.14 ±1.73),(18.26 ±1.37)], [(35.21 ±1.33),(23.19 ±0.97),(18.18 ±1.46)],[(41.08 ±1.21),(26.34 ±1.69),(17.91 ±1.01)], which were higher than those in the control group(F =5.556,7.007,8.816,10.208,12.232,all P <0.01 ).The mean fluorescence intensity of cytosolic Ca2 + in the KLN high -dose group after 50s,100s,150s,200s,250s were (17.85 ±1.69),(18.95 ±1.73),(21.85 ±1.39),(23.01 ±1.48),(24.07 ±1.42),which were higher than those in the serum control group(t =3.642,4.406,6.074,7.402,8.625,all P <0.01 ).The mean fluorescence intensity of cytosolic Ca2 + in the KLN medium -dose group after 100s,150s,200s,250s were (18.01 ±1.42), (18.76 ±1.22),(19.73 ±1.37),(21.04 ±1.16),which were higher than those in the serum control group(t =3.902,4.033,4.126,4.326,all P <0.01).There were no statistically significant difference between the KLN low -dose group and the serum control group(P >0.05).Conclusion KLN drug serum can promote myocardial cell spon-taneous extracellular calcium influx,the mechanism of KLN antiarrhythmic effect may be related to the Ca2 + channel.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Bupleuri plus Saliva miltiorrhiza on preventing the formation of hepatic fibrosis in rats METHODS:To establish an animal model of hepatic fibrosis by feeding high fat diet and 10% alcohol and subcutaneously injecting CCl4 and to detect the zymogram and biochemical parameters and observe the pathological changes of liver tissue RESULTS:Bupleuri and Saliva miltiorrhiza could significantly depress the activities of ALT,AST,MAO,ALP and had no influence on the ?-GT in serum,the serum TG was decreased and TG in tissue was obviously raised and serum GSH was elevated in hepatic fibrosis rat The extract could significantly decreased the levels of PC Ⅰ and PC Ⅲ in hepatic fibrosis rat The histopathological examination showed that the extract could diminish liver degeneration and necrosis,and block the formation of fiber diazoma,the degree of collagen proliferation was significantly lower than that of the control group CONCLUSION:Bupleuri and Saliva miltiorrhea extract could effectively protect the liver cell,and could retard the formation of hepatic fibrosis as well

AIM:The aim of this study was to observe and compare the therapy effect of different kinds of embryonic stem cells(ESCs) on pulmonary injury of mice exposed to bleomycin.These embryonic stem cells were C57BL/6J-ESC,S8-ESC and human-ESC.METHODS:(1) Fifty C57BL/6J female mice were divided randomly into five groups,which were blank control group,bleomycin model group,bleomycin model injected with C57BL/6J-ESC group,bleomycin model with S8-ESC group and bleomycin model with human ESC group.Every group has ten mice.(2) The mice of control group were administrated 0.9% sodium chloride solution and the mice in other four groups were administrated bleomycin intratracheally.Three different kinds of ESCs were administrated to the mice in three different ESCs-treated groups respectively one hour after bleomycin exposure.The life-span and hydrocyproline concentration were examined.The pathologic changes of the lung and the engraftment of the ESCs in the injured lung were observed.RESULTS:(1) The death rate in three different ESCs-treated groups declined much more obviously than that in the control group on 8 days after bleomycin exposure(bleomycin model group 50%,C57BL/6J-ESC group 37.5%,S8-ESC group 20%,human-ESC group 20%).(2) The extent of pathologic changes of the lung in S8-ESC group was lighter significantly than that in the bleomycin model group,but in C57BL/6J-ESC group and human-ESC group,their pathologic changes were similar to that in bleomycin model group.(3) The hydrocyproline concentration in S8-ESC group was lower distinctly than that in bleomycin model group(P0.05).(4) The positive signals of three kinds of ESCs could be found in the lung at 1,3,12 and 24 hours after the stem cells were administrated,but signals were the strongest 3 hours after stem cells were given.All of the signals disappeared three days later.CONCLUSION:S8-ESCs transplantation can improve the tolerence of mice to bleomycin and ameliorate acute lung injury.

Objective To evaluate the Chinese version of Benefit Finding Scale (BFS) for breast cancer patients.Methods After consent of the author,according to the flow path of scales,we established the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of BUS,a convenience sample of 293 patients were recruited for evaluation.Results The Chinese version of BFS was comprised of 19 items,Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.911,test-retest reliability was 0.812,I-CVI was 0.833～1.000,S-CVI was 0.955.Meanwhile,exploratory analysis showed that the most interpretable solution consisted of 3 factors,the accumulative variance contribution which explained 55.101％ of variance of the total scale.The related validity showed that the correlative coefficient of Chinese version of BUS and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) was 0.745.Conclusions It suggests that the 19-item Chinese version of the BFS has good reliability and validity,which could be used as a research tool for measuring breast cancer patients' benefit finding.

Type 2 diabetic patients were divided to 3 groups according to their urinary albumin excretion rate: simple diabetic group (n=30), early diabetic nephropathy group (n=24) and clinical diabetic nephropathy (n=20). Endothelium-dependent dilation function of brachial artery was measured by high resolving power colour Doppler echography and circulating endothelial cells in blood were counted. The results showed that endothelium-dependent dilation function of brachial artery in 3 groups declined progressively in the order of simple diabetic group, early diabetic nephropathy group and clinical diabetic nephropathy group, suggesting that this measurement may serve as one parameter reflecting the status of vascular endothelial function and the extent of vascular lesion.

Objective To evaluate mechanical radial scanning endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for preoperative tumor and lymph node ( TN ) staging of esophageal cancer. Methods From January 2010 to June 2010, a total of 60 patients with esophageal cancer underwent preoperative staging with mechanical radial scanning EUS. The findings of EUS were compared with postoperative pathological outcomes. Results EUS accurately predicted T stage in 80 % of cases and N stage in 71% cases. Sensitivities to T1 , T2 , T3 and T4 were 75% , 100% , 96% and 50% , respectively, and those to N0 and N1 were 55% and 100% , respectively. With exclusion of 11 patients with un-passable lesions, the accurate rate of EUS in T staging of focal and advanced cancers was 90% ( 44/49 ). Conclusion Mechanical radial scanning EUS can accurately predict T and N stages in preoperative patients with esophageal cancer, which also exhibits high differential accuracy in focal and advanced esophageal cancer.

Objective To observe the influence of hepatic oval cell (HOC) on the expression ERK and P38MAPK signaling pathway protein in liver tissue of murine experimental hepatofibrosis (HF).Method SD rats were fed with 10% ethanol and food with high-fat and low-protein, and were injected subcutaneously with carbontetrachloride once every four days for 8 weeks to establish hepatic fibrosis. HOGs were isolated from male HF rats by collagenase porfusion of the liver. HF rats at 8th week were transplanted with 0. 5 ml HOC suspension medium at a density of 1 × 109 cell /ml via portal vein, and the rats were sacrificed at 8th, 15th, 30th day respectively. Histopathologic changes of liver tissues were observed by HE and Masson. The expression of ERK and P38MAPK signaling pathway protein were determined by Western blotting. Result Hepatofibrosis was reversed and the degree of hyperplasia fibrilcollagen in hepatic fibrosis rats decreased significantly by HOC transplantion. HOC down-regulated the protein expression of Ras, ERK,p-ERK, c-fos, c-jun, STAT3, ALB, FGF-3, PCNA ( F = 91.88,36.28,54.66,93.07,64.76,58.49,52.63,20.45 ,27.03, all P ＜ 0.05 ), up-regulated the protein expression level of HNF-α1, PDGF-Rβ significantly in liver tissues(F = 18.63,25.99,P ＜0.05). Conclusions HOC improves the degree of hepatofibrosis through inhibiting hyperplasia of collagen fibril in liver tissue of hepatofibrosis rats. With the presence of HOC the expression of c-fos,c-jun,STAT3,5 was not activated by p-P38MAPK. The expression of c-kit and HNF-1α increased and that liver tissue injury alleviated, and hepatofibrosis was improved.