0.05). PetCO 2 was a reliable index reflecting PaCO 2. There was a significant difference between PetCO 2 and PaCO 2 in the Group Ⅲ (P

Objective To investigate the efficacy of laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer. Methods From September 2000 to December 2004, 99 patients with colorectal cancer underwent laparoscopic radical resection (laparoscopic group) and 198 patients with colorectal cancer underwent open radical resection (open group) at the Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University. The differences in local recurrence and survival between the two groups were compared. The local recurrence of tumors and survival of patients in the two groups were calculated by the life-table method, and were compared by the Wilcoxon (Gehan) test, chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The recurrence interval and survival time of the two groups were compared by non-parametric Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results The 2-and 3-year local recurrence rates in the laparoscopic group were both 3.0% and the overall local recurrence rate was 3.0% (3/99). The 2-and 3-year local recurrence rates in the open group were 2.6% and 4.0% , respectively, and the overall local recurrence rate was 3.5% (7/198), with no significant difference between the two groups (χ2 =0.002, P > 0. 05). The median survival time of patients with local recurrence was 15 months (range, 7-24 months) in the laparoscopic group and 11 months (range, 2-28 months) in the open group, with no significant difference between the groups (U = 15. 500, P >0. 05). The 1-year survival rate was 33.3% in the laparoscopic group and 42.9% in the open group. The 2-year survival rate was zero in the laparoscopic group and 42. 9% in the open group. There were no significant differences between the groups for the 1-and 2-year survival rates (χ2 =0.120, P>0.05). Conclusions The efficacy of laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer is similar to that of open surgery. Laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer is safe and feasible, and does not increase the recurrence rate of cancer.

AIM: To evaluate the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) on the proliferation in cultured mouse cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3) . METHODS: Cultured cells were divided into five groups randomly, one as control group, the other four groups were 10-9, 10-8, 10-7 and 10-6 mol/L group. Effects of atRA on proliferation in bEnd.3 cells were detected by flow cytometry and immunocytochemitry of PCNA and MTT at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. The effects of atRA (10-6 mol/L group) on the expressions of angiogenic genes in bEnd.3 cells were studied using microarray. RESULTS: The results of MTT and flow cytometry showed that all- trans retinoic acid at concentration of 10-6 mol/L significantly inhibited the proliferation of bEnd.3 cells. Immunocytochemical staining showed the expression of PCNA was markedly decreased in bEnd.3 cells at 24 h after treatment with atRA. Microarray results demonstrated that there were 11 down - regulated angiogenic genes and 2 up - regulated angiogenic genes in 10-6mol/L atRA group. CONCLUSION: All - trans retinoic acid at concentration of 10-6mol/L may significantly inhibit the proliferation of bEnd.3 cells treated for 24 h ire vitro via down-regulation of angiogenic genes and PCNA expression.

Objective To describe the characteristic CT imaging of adenomyomatosis of gallbladder and to improve the diagnostic knowledge of the disease. Methods Eleven (5 males and 6 females, mean age = 43 years) patients with adenomyomatosis of gallbladder (4 diffuse, 2 segmental, and 5 fundal) confirmed by histopathology and performed by CT examination including plain, dynamic or multiphase enhancement and / or oral cholegraphic agent were reviewed. Results Correct diagnosis was made in 7 of 11 patients(3 diffuse, 1 segmental, and 3 fundal). CT findings included segmental or diffuse gallbladder wall thickening in the involved area, associated with well defined and regular borders at both of the inner and outer layers. Significant CT findings of this entity were marked enhancement of wall layers during triphase contrast CT scanning, especially at delayed scans. Rokitansky Aschoff sinuses were clearly shown by CT, presenting as characteristic "aureola " sign, when performed with application of a cholegraphic agent. Conclusion Understanding the CT findings and using the optimal methods, we can use CT scan as a valuable method to help make the diagnosis in most cases of adenomyomatosis.

AIM: To study the cytological characteristics and gene expression of normal cultured bEnd.3, a mouse brain microvascular endothelial cell strain. METHODS: The morphology of bEnd.3 was studied by light and electronic microscopy, its molecular markers were observed by immunocytochemistry. Cell proliferation kinetics and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry and MTT assay, PGE_2 level was measured by ELISA, and expression of the genes that closely related with vascular endothelial functions was studied by gene micro-array. RESULTS: bEnd.3 had morphological characteristics of microvascular endothelial cells (MVEC) growing in a cobblestone pattern, forming tube-like structure or capillary network and having microvilli. Furthermore, bEnd.3 showed positive staining for vW factor and CD34 and secreted high level of PGE_2 (644.55?30.24 ng/L). Gene micro-array analysis showed CD31, CD36, CD105 expression, and other genes closely related to microvascular endothelial functions also expressed at relatively high level. In addition, bEnd.3 responsed sensitively to mitogen such as basic fibroblast growth factor. CONCLUSION: bEnd.3 is a kind of MVEC, and it can be utilized to study the mechanisms of some diseases such as cancers and cardio- cerebral vascular diseases.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of minimally invasive surgery combined with sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy for early gastric cancer (EGC).Methods The clinical data of 39 EGC patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy from December 2008 to January 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.Results 36 SLN negative EGC patients received endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and 3 SLN positive EGC patients underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with D2 dissection.The mean number of SLN was (2.8 ± 1.0).The SLN detection rate and accuracy of determination of lymph node (LN) status were both 100％.The rate of LN metastasis in patients with EGC was 8％ with no false negative rate.In ESD group, local recurrence and liver metastasis developed in one each cases.Meanwhile 1 patient in laparoscopic group sufferd postoperative liver and lung metastasis.Total disease free survival was 95％.Conclusions Minimally invasive surgery combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy for EGC is both safe and feasible.

Objective To investigate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of gene interleukin-23 receptor (IL-23R) rs1004819, rs1495965, rs1884444, rs2201841,rs6677188, rs7517847, rs7530511, rs10489629, rs10889677 and rs11209026 with susceptibility of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Han population of Jiangsu province in China. Methods The gene polymorphism in 134 healthy volunteers, 135 cases of ulcerative colitis(UC) and 43 cases of Crohn's disease(CD) were detected with SNaPshot. Experimental data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software. Results In UC, genotype frequency of CC and CT on rs7530511 was 99.26％ (134/135)and 0.74％(1/135), allele frequency of C and T was 99.63％(269/270)and 0. 37％(1/270). While in normal controls, which were 94.03％(126/134), 5.97％(8/134), 97.01 ％(260/268)and 2.99％(8/268)respectively. Compared genotype frequency of these two group, P value was 0. 040 (OR＝0.118、95％CI:0.014～0.953). Compared allele frequency of these two group, P value was 0. 043 (OR＝0.121、95％CI:0.015～0.973). In wild type and mutation type UC patients, the age distribution was different, more young patients in mutation type while more middle-aged patients in wild type, P value was 0.032 and 0.001 respectively. Most UC patients of rs6677188 AT type were in remission under endoscope (P＝0.032). Conclusion The mutation of IL-23R rs7530511 may be a protective factor of UC. The polymorphism of rs6677188 was associated with the age of patients and the remission under endoscope.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of trans-gastric peritoneoscopy with technique of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(NOTES)for tuberculosis peritonitis.Methods Clinical data of 20 patients with tuberculosis peritonitis diagnosed by trans-gastric peritoneoscopy via NOTES were retrospectively analyzed.Results All diagnoses were confirmed by biopsy.The findings of peritoneoscopy were defined as miliary type with miliary nodes scattered in ascites and on peritoneum,adhesive type with thickening of peritoneum and adhesion between peritoneum and intestines,cheese-like type with parietal peritoneal ulcer and cheese-like substances,and mixed type with 2 or 3 of above mentioned types.Positive findings in other laboratory examinations were hemoglobin decrease in 10(50％)patients,blood sedimentation rate increase in 16(80％),C reactive protein increase in 13(65％),CA125 increase in 18(90％),and positive tuberculin test in 9(45％).Abnormal findings were detected by chest X-ray in 8(40％)patients,by abdominal ultrasonography examination in 2(10％),by abdominal CT in 7(35％),and by colonoscopy in 1(5％).No abnormal results were found in all patients in anti-tuberculosis antibody test,ascites bacteria culture and gastroscopy.Conclusion Trans-gastric peritoneoscopy via NOTES with biopsy is effective for diagnosis of tuberculosis peritonitis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of Jinlongshe Granules (JLSG) on tumor growth of gastric carcinoma. METHODS: Fifty nude mice orthotopically transplanted with MKN-45 human gastric cancer cells were divided into five groups: untreated group, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated group and high-, medium-, and low-dose JLSG-treated groups. Corresponding antitumor drugs were administered in each group except the untreated group. The antitumor effects in vivo were evaluated. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of MKN-45 human gastric cancer cells were determined by using flow cytometry (FCM) and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (Annexin V-FITC/PI) staining assay. The ultrastructure of MKN-45 gastric cancer cells was observed by transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: In the mice treated with high-, medium-, and low-dose JLSG, the growth inhibition rates of gastric cancer were 68.13%, 55.94% and 50.31% respectively, and this antitumor effect was dose-dependent. In the mice treated with intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU, the growth inhibition rate of gastric cancer was 53.43% and not much different from those treated with JLSG. The apoptotic rates in the high-, medium-, and low-dose JLSG-treated groups were 22.81%, 28.27% and 38.54% respectively, in a dose-dependent manner, with the cell cycle arrested at G(0)/G(1) phase. An Annexin V-FITC/PI staining assay revealed that the percentages of early apoptotic cells in the three dose JLSG-treated groups were all significantly higher than that in the 5-FU-treated group, whereas the late apoptotic and necrotic cells were much more in the 5-FU-treated group than those in the three dose JLSG-treated groups. CONCLUSION: Jinlongshe Granules exert an inhibiting effect on MKN-45 human gastric cancer cell.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Rhizoma kaempferiae volatile oil on tumor growth and cell cycle of MKN-45 human gastric cancer cells orthotopically transplanted in nude mice. METHODS: One hundred and five nude mice orthotopically transplanted with MKN-45 human gastric cancer cells were randomly divided into seven groups: untreated group, normal saline-treated group, dissolvant-treated group, cyclophosphamide (CTX)-treated group and high-, medium-, and low-dose Rhizoma kaempferiae volatile oil-treated groups. Corresponding interventions were implemented in each group except the untreated group. The antitumor effects in vivo were evaluated. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of MKN-45 human gastric cancer cells were determined by using flow cytometry (FCM). The ultrastructure of MKN-45 gastric cancer cells was observed by a transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: In the high-, medium-, and low-dose Rhizoma kaempferiae volatile oil-treated groups, the growth inhibition rates of gastric cancer were 57.2%, 28.0% and 5.0% respectively, and the gastric cancer cells were arrested at G(0)/G(1) phase. This antitumor effect was dose-dependent. The apoptotic cells occurred more frequently in the high-dose Rhizoma kaempferiae volatile oil-treated group and the CTX-treated group than those in the medium- and low-dose Rhizoma kaempferiae volatile oil-treated groups. CONCLUSION: The Rhizoma kaempferiae volatile oil is an effective composition for growth inhibition of gastric cancer, and its mechanism may be related to regulating the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis.