Objective To observe the various influence of Imipenem/Cilastatin(IPM) and Cefoperazone(CPZ) on Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin release in severely burned patients.Methods Patients were divided into IPM group and CPZ group randomly. The bacterial cultures and microbial drug-sensitivities of burn wound swabs and subeschar tissues were performed on the 1st and 3rd day, At the same time, the levels of LPS in plasma were detected in seven burned patients administrated with IPM and six with CPZ at the time 0?2?4?12?24?48?72h of antibiotics administration.Results Patients were infected by Gram-negative bacterial. The counting of bacteria in subeschar tissues decreased 10~100 times after the administration of antibiotics 3 days; Plasma LPS levels elevated to the peak value at 2h after infusion of IPM or CPZ , and then showed significant decrease. The magnitude of increased LPS in CPZ group was higher than that in IPM group; The LPS levels of 72h were lower significantly than that of 0h.Conclusion IPM and CPZ could effectively control Gram-negative bacterial infection and induce the releases of LPS from bacteria, of which the former induced less LPS release than the latter; The levels of LPS came down with the decreasing of bacterial counting.

Objective To investigate the electrophysiological properties of neurons in visual cortex of binocular form-deprivated rats during the developmental stages and to explore the synaptic and cellular mechanisms of plasticity in the visual cortex. Methods Whole cell patch clamp technique was applied to the visual cortex slices prepared from 61 Wistar rats of both genders, which were divided into two groups; control group and binocular form-deprivation (BFD) group. Excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) and long term potentiation (LTP) of the neurons were recorded. Results (1) The percentage of silent response in BFD group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between negative acute phase proteins and chronic urticaria (CU).Methods Fifty patients with CU were enrolled into this study,and divided into three grades,i.e.,mild (grade 1),moderate (grade 2) and severe (grade 3) according to symptoms.Twenty-eight health checkup examinees served as the control group.Immunoturbidimetry was performed to determine serum levels of prealbumin (PA) and transferrin (TRF).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to measure serum levels of insulinlike growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).Statistical analysis was carried out to assess differences in these indices between these two groups,the relationship among these indices and between these indices and disease severity.Results Compared with the control group,the patients with CU showed reduced serum levels of PA ((229.99 ± 54.16) vs.(272.06 ± 36.42) mg/L,t =3.667,P ＜ 0.05) and IGF-1 ((177.23 ± 46.48) vs.(239.88 ± 45.16) μg/L,t =5.748,P＜ 0.05),but higher serum levels of TNF-α ((25.39 ± 11.01) vs.(14.13 ± 6.12) ng/L,t =4.989,P＜ 0.05),and similar serum levels of TRF ((2.48 ± 0.49) vs.(2.48 ± 0.25) g/L,P＞ 0.05).The serum level of PA showed a significant negative correlation with that of TNF-α (r =-0.312,P ＜ 0.05),as well as with disease severity (r =-0.635,P ＜ 0.01),whereas the serum level of TNF-α showed a significant positive correlation with disease severity (r =0.409,P ＜ 0.01),and no statistical correlation was found between the remaining indices (all P ＞ 0.05) in the patients with CU.Conclusions Serum levels of some negative acute phase proteins decrease and negatively correlate with disease severity in patients with CU.Acute phase response may be involved in the occurrence of CU.

BACKGROUND:The patients with porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns who do examination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can cause artifacts. In recent years, researching for MRI artifacts of different porcelain-fused-to-metal materials has been some progress, but there are less quantitatively reports on the MRI artifacts of different porcelain-fused-to-metal materials.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the artifact sizes shown on fast spin-echo T 2-weighted sequence caused by different kinds of porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns.
METHODS:Forty-eight lower right first molar crown patients who had MRI examination in MRI room were enrol ed. The patients were divided into nickel-chromium al oy group, cobalt-chromium al oy group and titanium crown group. Al patients were examined with fast spin-echo T 2-weighted sequences by means of 1.5 T MRI apparatus. MRI artifacts areas of same sequence on the MRI images of different porcelain-fused-to-metal materials were analyzed with variance test.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Forty-five cases appearing to have high signal samples with clearly curved boundary zone that can be measured were selected, 15 cases for each material. Different artifact sizes were produced on the same sequence of different porcelain-fused-to-metal materials, which were (321.67±33.29) mm in the nickel-chromium al oy group, (263.53±34.95) mm2 in the cobalt-chromium al oy group, and (143.67±31.13) mm2 in the titanium crown group. There were significant differences between groups (P<0.05). The artifact size is smal est for the titanium crown and largest for the nickel-chromium al oy crown.

Objective To explore the electrophysiological properties and the disparity of visual cortical neurons in developing rats. Methods Whole cell patch clamp recording and intracellular labeling of brain slices were performed on rats at postnatal 14 and 28 days. The electrophysiological data were analyzed according to the cellular input resistance and resting membrane potential. Results When the input impedance of visual cortical neurons(IR) was lower, increased peak value of postsynaptic currents(PSCs), prolonged rise and decay time were found. At postnatal 14th day(before eyes opened), the intermediate cells and mature cells were 59.2% and 14.9% respectively, but at postnatal 28th day(14 days after eyes opened), the mature cells and immature cells were 62.5% and 12.5% respectively. Conclusion During the period of postnatal development, the visual cortical neurons become mature gradually, but maturation is not completely correlated with age.

Objective To investigate the role of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the protection of bufalin on podocyte injury induced by adriamycin (ADR).Methods (1) In vitro:the toxic effect of different concentrations of bufalin (10-9,10-8,10-7,104 mol/L) on podocyte was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test;Annexin V-FITC and RT-PCR were utilized for podocyte apoptosis and VDR mRNA level respectively.Western blotting was used to analyze the protein expression of VDR and nephrin.SiRNA intervene was also applied to evaluate the role of VDR in bufalin's protective effect on podocyte injury induced by ADR.(2) In vitro:24 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group,ADR group and ADR+bufalin group.TUNEL assay was applied to detect the apoptosis of podocytes in the kidney.Immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were applied to analyze the expression of VDR and the ultrastructure of the glomerulus.Results Bufalin concentration lower than 10-7 mol/L had no toxicity on normal podocyte.Bufalin reduced the urinary protein excretion (P ＜ 0.05),alleviated the removal of podocyte foot processes and attenuated the changes in nephrin expression in the glomerulus of the adriamycin (ADR) rats (P ＜ 0.05).Bufalin notably inhibited the down-regulation of VDR in protein levels on the glomerulus of the ADR rats.Additionally,bufalin inhibited the down-regulation of VDR in both mRNA levels and protein levels (P ＜ 0.05),nephrin protein expression (P＜ 0.05),and apoptosis induced by ADR in cultured podocytes.Additionally,VDR specific siRNA intervene abolished the protective effect of bufalin in ADR-induced podocyte injury.Conclusion Bufalin can alleviate ADR-induced podocyte injury via enhancing VDR expression.

Objective To explore the change trend and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing infection in extensive burn patients,and provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods Specimens from 9 extensive burn patients who were admitted to a hospital at the same time were performed pathogenic culture and an-timicrobial susceptibility testing, change trend and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens were observed. Results The main specimen was wound secretion,accounting for 93.81 %.The major pathogens causing infection were Acinetobacter baumannii (44.85%),Staphylococcus aureus (32.47%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.37%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.15%).With the prolongation of hospital stay,pathogens changed from one kind to multiple strains, and from susceptibility to resistance,multidrug resistance,and extensive drug resistance. Conclusion Itis difficult to avoid infection in burn patients,timely realizing the changes of pathogens causing infec-tion and antimicrobial resistance play an important role in the control of infection.

AIM: To evaluate the effect of carbon monoxide(CO) on the permeability of brain blood barrier(BBB) in cerebral ischemic rats. METHODS: SD rats were divided into three groups. Saline, hemin or ZnPP were injected intraperitoneally 12 h before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), respectively. The concentration of blood CO and the permeability of BBB at 24 h after MCAO were measured. RESULTS: The CO concentration in blood in hemin group was higher than that in saline group( P 0.05). CONCLUSION: CO reduced the permeability of BBB as a messenger gas molecular when its intrinsic concentration was elevated.

Objective To investigate the occurrence of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection(CRB-SI)in mass severe burn patients,evaluate related risk factors for infection,and effectiveness of prevention and con-trol measures.Methods In August 2014,9 cases of severe burn patients were rescued in a hospital,all patients re-ceived CVC,infection prevention and control intervention measures were performed during the whole process of catheterization.Results All patients received 30 episodes of CVC,total CVC-days were 227 days,bacterial culture for three-cavity catheters of femoral veins in 2 patients were positive,incidence of CRBSI was 8.81 ‰;1 patient was isolated Enterococcus faecium ,1 isolated both Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia .2 CRB-SI patients received femoral vein catheterization,catheterization site was trauma surface,duration of catheterization were both ≥7 days,both used three-cavity catheters,and third degree burns were ≥60%,both patients were cured after timely removal of catheters and receiving of antimicrobial agents.Conclusion CVC is helpful for long term, safe and effective fluid infusion,but it can cause CRBSI;infection prevention and control intervention for patients receiving CVC during the whole process of catheterization can reduce the occurrence of CRBSI.

According to the infection characteristics of batches of patients with extensive burns in dust explosion, the article focused on the concept and mode of whole-range fine management.Based on the characteristics and rules of infection prevention in bat-ches of patients with extensive burns, the measurement and examination of infection management were refined, the infection monitoring indexes were designed scientifically, the infection prevention scheme and monitoring table were formulated.By early and whole-range intervention of infection prevention, quantitative evaluation, fine management and precise control at different times, all levels of infec-tion management teams could fully serve their purposes in order to realize effective infection prevention.