Objective To explore a safe and simple method to repair the skin defect during/after breast cancer operation. Methods Making the moving reticulation flap on two sides of the defect surface. Results The flap in 19 cases all recovered. Meshes had effect on drainage and reduced the number of drainage tube. The cuts on the reticulation flap, which were 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm and 2.0 cm long, were healing with new tissue after 9, 12 and 16 days. If the mesh was larger, the dilating area of flap would be larger and the healing time would prolong. After the operation, the flap was elastic. Patients′ skin on the chest didn′t feel tight and also chemotherapy would not be affected. Conclusion Moving reticulation flap to repair the defect skin during/after the breast cancer operation is an effective method, which can avoid the grafting skin operation and fits various defect sizes.

Objective To compare the efficacy and complications of early transabdominal preperitoneal patch (TAPP) implantation and open tension-free repair in the treatment of adult inguinal hernia .Methods 84 adult patients with inguinal hernia were divided into two groups by random number table ,and 42 cases in each group .The control group was given Lichtenstein technique ,while the observation group underwent TAPP .The surgery situation, postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) scores,postoperative morbidity and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups.Results The operative time,ambulation time,average length staying hospital and postoperative VAS scores of the observation group were (42.21 ±3.13) min,(1.13 ±0.21) d,(4.28 ±0.62) d and (2.28 ±0.22) points,which were significantly less than (65.72 ±3.62)min,(2.03 ±0.30)d,(7.87 ±0.83)d and (4.56 ±0.31) points of the control group(t=7.29,8.02,8.32,9.29,all P<0.05).The incidence rate of postoperative complica-tions and recurrence rate of the observation group were 11.90% and 2.38%,which were significantly lower than 26.19%and 16.66%of the control group(χ2 =12.52,14.39,all P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of TAPP in the treatment of adult inguinal hernia is remarkable ,and it is safe and minimally invasive ,which is easy to operate ,it has low recurrence rate ,rapid postoperative recovery and has better clinical value .

Cohort study also named follow up study,has been used in clinical trials of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),such as prognostic evaluation and therapeutic effect evaluation.Therefore follow up is an important step in a cohort study,and follow up quality will directly affect the statistical analysis and drawing a conclusion.This article introduced the aim,the content,the method and duration of follow up,we also discussed the relevant issues when conducting a follow up and the methods to deel with problems.We hope this article can be helpful to researchers of TCM.

Objective To observe and compar the clinical efficacy of “CIWUJIA” and “DANSHEN” on the chronic patients with hepatitis B.Methods The 122 patients with hepatitis B were statically divided into two groups.Based on the protection for liver,one-group patients are cured with “DANSHEN” injection,and the other group patients are cured with “CIWUJIA” injection.All the patients have been injected one time one day,and the clinic procedure lasted 4 weeks.Results For the patients with low grade HBV or moderate grade HBV,"CIWUJIA" injection has the same efficacy as that of “DANSHEN” injection.However,the “CIWUJIA” injection also can improve the sleep of patients.Conclusions The “CIWUJIA” injection has the same efficacy as that of “DANSHEN” injection for patients at low-grade or moderate-grade HBV levels.Furthermore,the “CIWUJIA” injection is better for the patients who have sleep impediment.

Objective To compare the regulatory functions of Danhong and Salvia Ligustrazin on abnormal coagulation factors Ⅶ caused by ACS.Methods All cases were randomly divided into group A and B and a control group.Each group contains 60 patients.The control group was treated with conventional western therapies.On this basis,group A Was treated with Danhong injection and group B was treatedwith Salvia Ligustrazin injection.Compare the regulatory function of its group on abnormal level of coagulation factor Ⅶ caused by ACS.Results Group B showed better effects in its regulating abnormal level of coagulation factor Ⅶ as compaared to group A(χ~2=3.67,P＜0.05).Both groups did better than the control group in adjusting coagulation factors Ⅶ (P＜0.05).Conclusion Salvia ligustrazine has better effect in regulating coagulation factors Ⅶ than Dan Hong injection,which is better than conventional western medical therapy.

Objective To explore the value of breast-duct endoscopy-assisted epidural catheter-guided tumor localization in the resection of intraductal lesions.Methods A total of 45 cases of breast-duct endoscopy-confirmed intraductal tumor were enrolled in this study.After the depth and location of the tumor was determined,the endoscope was withdrawn and an epidural catheter was inserted into the duct with discharge at a same level to support the duct and guide the resection of the tumor.Then,the skin covering the nipple and areola were cut radially,and the diseased duct was resected under the guidance of a epidural catheter.Results The ductoscopy showed intraductal papilloma in 41 cases,multiple intraductal papillomas in 2,and papillomatosis in 2.In the 41 patients with papilloma,the diagnosis was confirmed pathologically after the operation in 39 cases(95%),while in the 2 patients with multiple papillomas and the 2 with papillomatosis,the identical rate was both 50%(1/2).The misdiagnosed cases included 2 patients with epithelial hyperplasia,1 with multiple intraductal papillomas complicated with atypical ductal hyperplasia and severe focal hyperplasia,and 1 patient with breast cancer.In all the cases,the shape of the breast and nipple were normal after the operation.Conclusion Breast-duct endoscopy-assisted epidural catheter-guided tumor localization is worth being widely used for resection of intraductal lesions in local hospitals,for its precise localization,simple procedure,and good cosmetic outcomes.

Using PBL Teaching Mode in the clinical diagnosis pathological teaching of Postgraduate during clinical practice is not only good for students to arouse the interests of learning,consolidate their pathological knowledge and enhance pathological diagnosis consciousness, but also helps improve their general capabilities of clinical pathological diagnosis thinking,analyzing and solving problems. It does lay a solid foundation for the postgraduates to become clinical pathologists.

Pathology possesses the abstractness of preclinical medicine and objectivity of clinical medicine.It is the one of all nodus in medicine.Multimedia courseware can help classroom teaching and studying because pathogenesy and the change of micro of the disease can be showed visually by flash 2D-animation which showed the great potential in improving pathology teaching quality.

Based on competence,this article studied on curriculum reform of nursing pharmacology.It described the model of curriculum construction on making teaching target,training professional quality,designing optimum learning situation,reforming teaching method and constructing curriculum evaluation system.This model is more suitable for nursing work and provide guarantee for cultivating high skilled and applicable nursing talent.

Objective To explore the reliability,validity and reaction degree of patient reported outcome instrument for chronic hepatitis diseases.Methods One hundred and four cases with chronic B hepatitis,chronic C hepatitis,alcoholic liver disease,steatohepatitis and decompensated cirrhosis were included and tested by patient reported outcome instrument for chronic hepatitis diseases and compared with 51 normal people.The reliability,validity and reaction degree were analyzed.The chronic hepatitis patient and normal people,chronic B hepatitis and other patients with liver disease were compared.Result The total Cronbach's Alpha of the instrument was 0.915,the total split-half reliability was 0.703,the KMO value was 0.783,Bartlett test value was 1 801.149(P 1,which contributed to 69.636%.The chronic hepatitis patients and normal people,chronic B Hepatitis patients and others were analyzed respectively by T test,P value were 0.000 and 0.413 respectively.Conclusion The instrument has a good internal reliability,validity and reaction degree,which can be applied for the therapeutic evaluation of chronic hepertatis diseases.