Objective To investigate molecular changes in growing rats masticatory muscle after functional mandibular protrusion.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into eight groups as control 3d,7d,14d,21d and experimental 3d,7d,14d,21d.The RTPCR and qPCR methods were used to find expression and any differences of mRNA of MMPs in growing rats masticatory muscle after functional mandibular protrusion. (Results)(① Expression) of MMP-2,MMP-9 mRNA expressed in all growing rats masticatory muscle.② Expression differences of MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA in 3d,21d were found between control and experimental groups after functional mandibular protrusion.Conclusion ①MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA participate in masticatory muscle normal development.(② MMPs) mRNA involve changes in growing rats masticatory muscle after functional mandibular protrusion.

Objective To explore the effects of directive game in preoperative visit of preschool children with strabismus.Methods 109 children were randomly assigned into the control group and the experimental group.The control group was given conventional preoperative interview,based on the general preoperative visit,the experimental group was given preoperative visit-playing directive game.The nursing effect was compared be4wecn two groups.Results Induction compliance scores of the experimental group were obviously higher than those of the control group.Preoperative anxiety scores of the experimental group were obviously lower than those of the control group.Restlessness during recovery of the experimental group was obviously lower than that of the control group.Conclusions The application of directive game can reduce preoperative anxiety of the children with strabismus,and make children cooperate better with the induction of anesthesia.

Objective To develop a deep vein thrombosis health belief questionnaire(DVTHBQ)for patients undergoing major orthopedic operation,and investigate the reliability and validity of the DVTHBQ.Methods The establishment of DVTHBQ was based on the framework of Health Belief Model (HBM) combining theories and experience,and step-by-step through the preliminary experiment,data collection,evaluation of its validity and reliability,etc.Results The items of this questionnaire had a good discriminability.The total internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire was 0.88.The content validity of the questionnaire was 0.95.Factor analysis,which could explain more than 50％ variance,showed that the questionnaire had good construct validity.Conclusions The questionnaire was tested to be of good reliability and validity.The DVTHBQ could be an effective instrument to explain and predict the possibility of taking DVT preventive measures for patients undergoing major orthopedic operation.

Based on the subject classification of biomedical engineering in military hospital,the development modes of the discipline are discussed in this paper.

In recent years,the United States analyzing the aging of the population brought by the increase in cardiovascular diseases such as medical equipment and its impact on the U.S. market-oriented role,combined with the present condition of population and medical device market of China,the trend of aging is pointed out and that there is a great potential market of medical device for cardiovascular disease in China,but some problems still exist,such as high price,low public acceptance,etc. According to relevant policies,corresponding suggestions were proposed for domestic medical device companies to enhance their R&D capability and adaptability to the medical system reform.

Objective To measure osteoporosis knowledge,belief and self-efficacy of elderly patients with vertebral fracture,and to provide the basis for reducing the incidence of refracture.Methods Totally 72 patients were recruited from an upper first-class hospital in suzhou by using the convenience sampling method.They were measured with the self-designed general information questionnaire,Osteoporosis Knowledge Tests (OKT),Osteopomsis Health Belief scale (OHBS) and Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale (OSES).Results The total score of knowledge was (1 1.06±6.71),the factor scores of risk factors,exercise and calcium intake were(4.13±2.82),(2.90±2.54),(4.04±2.54).The average score of OHBS was (141.82± 13.00).The total score of self-efficacy was (79.49±35.15).Conclusions Health education for elderly patients with vertebral fractures needs to be improved,and to reduce the occurrence of refracture according to different groups of targeted education.

Objective To evaluate the effect of health belief model combined with PDCA circulation in preventing DVT of patients undergoing total hip replacement and total knee replacement.Methods Patients who met our inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group with 45 cases in each group.The patients in the control group received routine health education.In addition,the intervention group received health education based on health belief model combined with PDCA circulation besides the routine.The intervention results were compared between the two groups.Results The patients' mastery of DVT disease related knowledge,health belief and the implementation of preventive measures in the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group one week after surgery.The score of the health belief,perceived susceptibility,perceived severity,perceived benefits of action and serf-efficacy in the intervention group were significantly superior to those of the control group.1 patient appeared blood stasis in the intervention group.However,in the control group,there were 2 patients with DVT and 6 patients with blood stasis.The effect of preventive measures in the intervention group was better than the control group.Conclusions Health education based on health belief model combined with PDCA circulation could effectively enhanced the patients' DVT disease related knowledge,health belief and the implementation of preventive measures,thereby reduce the risk of DVT and improve the patients' quality of life.

Objective To establish thyrotropin( TSH) and thyroid hormones reference ranges during the neonatal period for the healthy term newborns in Suqian. Methods Blood samples from a heel-prick were collected from 500 healthy newborns 72 hours after birth to determine the level of TSH. 200 healthy newborns were chosen to determine the levels of serum TSH and thyroid hormones on the 14th day of life, and then compared with the results from 120 healthy adults. Results The reference range of TSH at 72 hours after birth was 0. 46-6. 59 mIU/ L. The reference ranges of TT3 , TT4 , TSH, FT3 , FT4 on the 14th day of life were 1. 10-2. 62 nmol/ L, 81. 10-158. 28 nmol/ L, 0. 83-6. 39 mIU/ L, 3. 76-6. 66 pmol/ L, and 10. 67-22. 27 pmol/ L, respectively. There was no significant difference in the interval of TSH between newborns and adluts, whereas there were significant difference in the intervals of TT3 , TT4 , FT3 , and FT4 between the two groups. Conclusions The establishment of TSH and thyroid hormone reference ranges during the neonatal period for the healthy term newborns could improve our understanding of the thyroid function during the neonatal period for the healthy term newborns, and our data suggests lowing the initiatory screening cut-off point of congential hypothyroidism.

Based on the rankings of the best undergraduate/graduate biomedical engineering programs from the USA News & World Report, we have made a comprehensive analysis on the excellent education mode in USA 2002. It is hoped that the results as reference materials will be useful to our biomedical education at home.
Biomedical Engineering ; education ; Education, Graduate ; Humans ; Teaching ; United States

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of systematic self-management education on quality of life, anxiety and depression of patients with Type 2 diabetes in communities. METHODS: A total of 248 patients with Type 2 diabetes from 10 communities of Changsha from February 2009 to July 2010 were randomized into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group received systematic self-management education, while the controls received routine community education. The quality of life, anxiety and depression were measured by adjusted diabetes-specific quality of life scale (A-DQOL), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) respectively. RESULTS: The quality of life, morbidity of anxiety or depression of the intervention and the control group were comparable at the baseline (P>0.05). One and half year later, there was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the intervention group got better quality of life (P<0.01), less morbidity of anxiety (8.94% vs. 44.4%, P<0.01) and depression (23.58% vs. 56.00%, P<0.01). CONCLUSION Systematic self-management education can effectively improve the quality of life, reduce the level of anxiety and depression of patients with Type 2 diabetes in communities, which deserves further generalization.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anxiety ; etiology ; psychology ; Depression ; etiology ; psychology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; psychology ; Female ; Health Education ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Self Care ; methods