Objective To observe the effects of jet nebulization with sodium bicarbonate on the children with bronchial asthma.Methods 128 children with bronchial asthma were collected and randomly divided into observation group and control group. Conventional treatment by anti-infection and jet nebulization with hormone and bronchodilators were used in control group. Jet nebulization with sodium bicarbonate combination with conventional treatment was used in observation group. The therapeutic efficacy, clinical symptom, physical sign, the stay time, the occurrence of adverse reaction and the levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in peripheral blood were observed. Results There were no severity adverse reactions happened in the two groups. The excellence rate was 59.4％ and total effective rate was 95. 3％ in observation group which were significantly higher that in control group( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The extinction time of clinical symptom and physical sign were significantly shorter than that in control group. The levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in peripheral blood decreased notably after therapy than before treatment in the two groups. The decreased changes in observation group were significant than that in control group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Jet nebulization with sodium bicarbonate could improve the clinical symptom and physical sign and shorten the course of disease of children with bronchial asthma. It also could decrease the secrete of inflammatory factor and get satisfactory curative effect.

Lead exposure is toxic to children.With the development of industry,lead exposure of children becomes more and more serious.Bone is the major target organ for lead loading.In terms of bone development,childhood is a critical period for the production of peak bone mass,and keeping it normal is important for the measurement of bone health and decreasing the morbidity of osteoporosis.Recent research revealed that children's bone mineral density is affected by elevated level of blood lead and this effect is mainly through the inhibition of the activity of osteoblast cell,the influence on calcium and phosphorus metabolism,and the retardation of children's bone growth.Therefore,the review focuses on the source,toxic effect,and the influence on bone mineral density and its mechanism of children lead exposure.

Objective To evaluate the significances of prostate specific antigen (PSA)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) as a marker of bone formation and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP5b)and pyridinoline cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(ICTP)as markers of bone resorption in predicting therapeutic effect of bone metastasis of prostate cancer patients.Methods Serum levels of PSA,tALP,TRACP5b and ICTP in 57 elderly patients aged 61-90 years with prostate cancer were determined by electrochemiluminescence,colorimetric assay,enzyme linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA)respectively.The correlation between the duration of ADT and the concentrations of each marker index (ln-transformed) was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.All prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis were divided into group A (patients without bisphosphonates,n =13),group B (patients with stable bone metastasis and bisphosphonates,n=6) and group C (patients with severe bone metastasis and bisphosphonates,n=8).The concentration of each bone metabolic marker was compared between the three groups.Results Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum concentrations of PSA,ALP and ICTP had no significant correlations with the duration of ADT,but TRACP5b concentration (ln transformed) had a significant positive correlation with the duration of ADT (ln transformed) (R =0.421,P＜ 0.01).The concentrations of PSA,TRACP5b and tALP were increased in group C as compared with group A,but only TRACP5b concentration had a significant difference between group A and C (P＜ 0.05).The concentrations of PSA,tALP,ICTP and TRACP5b were significantly increased in group C as compared with group B (all P＜0.05).Conclusions PSA and bone resorption and formation markers can be excellent monitors of therapeutic effect-relating bone metabolism changes during castration and bisphosphonate treatment in prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis,and TRACP5b may be more sensitive.

Objective To evaluate the significances of prostate specific antigen(PSA),alkaline phosphatase(ALP) as a marker of bone formation,tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b(TRACP5b) and pyridinoline cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(ICTP) as markers of bone resorption in diagnosis of bone metastasis of prostate cancer. Methods Totally 57 elderly patients aged 61-90 years with prostate cancer were divided into groups with bone metastasis(n=27)and without bone metastasis (n=30) according to radionuclide bone imaging,and into progressive(n=18) and limited metastasis groups(n=39) by EOD score.Serum concentrations of PSA,TRACP5b,ALP and ICTP were measured by electrochemiluminescence,colorimetric assay,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA).Sensitivities and specificities were calculated for each marker and the diagnostic values of markers were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).Resuits The serum levels of PSA,TRACP5b,ALP and ICTP were significantly higher in group with bone metastasis than in group without metastasis (P＜ 0.05).In the progressive bone metastasis group,Gleason score and the concentrations of PSA,ALP,TRACP5b,ICTP were increased as compared with limited metastasis group (P＜ 0.05). In diagnosis of prostate cancer with bone metastasis,the area under ROC curve(AUC) of PSA,TRACP5b,ALP,ICTP were 0.796,0.657,0.762,0.743,respectively.The diagnostic value PSA,ALP and ICTP were comparable,followed by TRACP5b.Using the cut point values of 10.235 μg/L for PSA,4.25 U/L for TRACP5b,116.0 U/L for ALP and 7.6 U/L for ICTP,the sensitivities were 66.7％,59.3％,37％,59.3％ and the specificities were 90％,76.7％,96.7％,80％,respectively.PSA,ALP,ICTP and Gleason score were independent predictors of bone metastasis of prostate cancer,the total coincidence rate of regression model was 84.2％. Conclusions The diagnostic values of PSA,TRACP5b,ALP,ICTP are comparable,the combined and dynamic observation may facilitate early diagnosis of prostate cancer with bone metastasis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of four different operative patterns of laparoscopic hysterectomy: laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH), laparoscopically introfasial subtotal hysterectomy (LISH), laparoscopically subtotal hysterectomy (LSH) and laparoscopically total hysterectomy (LTH). Methods A retrospective analysis on 2272 cases of laparoscopic hysterectomy was carried out, including operating time, blood loss, complication and postoperative recovery. Results For the two groups which preserved cervix, LISH was performed in 1323 cases. The operating time was (91?21) min, blood loss (93?23) ml, complication rate 4.1%. LSH was conducted in 229 cases, with an operating time (70?18) min, blood loss (69?17) ml, complication rate 0. The difference between the two groups was significant (all P0.05). All patients recovered well postoperatively. Conclusions The four operative patterns are ideal for hysterectomy. Young patients should be operated with laparoscopic hysterectomy with preservation of cervix, old patients or patients with CIN should be operated with excision of cervix.

Objective To investigate the features of clinical,electroencephalogram(EEG)and imaging in the patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(sCJD).Methods The clinical data of 30 patients with sCJD were analyzed retrospectively.Results 6 patients were acute onset,18 patients were subacute onset,which followed by conscious disturbance,myoclonus and decorticate rigidity in 1～3 months.6 patients were chronic onset,which followed by above described typical symptoms in 1～2 years.All the patients showed generally persistent slow waves on EEG in the early stage.18 patients showed typical triphasic wave on EEG and 8 patients presented atypical triphasic wave,which were almost in the intermediate-advandced stage.There were 10 patients in bilateral basal ganglia,and 1 patient in right lenticular nucleus showed hypersignal in MRI T2WI.17 patients carryed out MR diffusion-weighted images(DWI).All the images showed the hypersignal in frontal,temporal,occipital cortex,and 8 patients of them accompanied symmetric hypersignal in bilateral basal ganglia.Conclusions Almost of sCJDs are subacute onset.DWI show typical hypersignal lesions in occipital,frontal,temporal cortex and /or basal ganglia in their early course of disease,which are useful in early diagnosis of CJD.All the patients in the intermediate-advandced stage shows conscious disturbance,myoclonus and decorticate rigidity.The character of EEG is typical triphasic wave.

Objective To investigate the clinical and imageological features of pituitrin-induced delayed encephalopathy. Methods Clinical data of 8 patients with delayed encephalopathy caused by pituitrin were analyzed retrospectively. Results All of the 8 patients presented diffent degree neuropsychic symptoms at 4～12 d after stop using the pituitrin. The extrapyramidal and psychiatric symptoms of the cases were found,such as hypermyotonia(8 cases),hypokinesia(6 cases),extremity buffeting(3 cases),emotional and behavior disorder(6 cases). The 8 cases with EEG examination showed:there were gently to midrange widespread dysfunction in 4 cases,severe widespread dysfunction in 1 case. The levels of serum Na+ in 5 cases were decrease slightly. The 8 cases with brain MRI examination showed that the abnormal signals were mainly located in lentiform nucleus and head of caudate nucleus with long T1 and T2-weighted images,and including thalamus or midbrain abnormalities signal in 1 case,respectively. Conclusions The manifestations of pituitrin-induced delayed encephalopathy are extrapyramidal symptoms and cerebral disorders. The characteristics of brain MRI are abnormal signals in lentiform nucleus and head of caudate nucleus with long T1 and T2-weighted images. The supposed pathogenesis may be nerve necrosis induced by Charcot's artery spasm and hyponatremia.

Objective To investigate the STR typing discordance between different typing methods.Methods Genotypes of 13 routine forensic STR loci in DNA samples from 100 individuals were typed by using singleplex polyacrylimide gel electrophoresis silver stain system and Power Plex16 System,respectively.The typing results between these two systems were compared.Results One genotype discordance was observed at D8S1179 locus in a DNA sample.The genotypes was 12/14 in snigleplex system and 12/15 in Power Plex16 System.Conclusion Different STR typing systems may result in different genotyps from the same DNA sample.

Objective To identify routine forensic samples by genotyping method for HLA - A locus. Method A two - step PCR - SSP method was established. The first step is amplification with a pair of primers specific for all HLA - A alleles, the second step is amplification with primers specific for HLA - A30, A31, A33 respectively, using the first step amplification product as template. Secondly amplified PCR products were genotyped by electro-phoresis. Results 100 blood stains with a serological typing result of HLA - A30, A31 and A33 were tested with this method. The discrepancy rate between serological and genetic typing was 29%. Seminal stains, salivary stains reserved for 2 years and blood stains reserved for 18 years in room temperature gave satisfactory results. Conclusions It is better to replace serological typing by genetic typing. A two - step PCR - SSP genotyping method can be applied to forensic samples.