0.05). The effect of group A was better than that of group B in relieving symptoms and improving routine blood and urine examination indexes, MG and urinary creatinine levels, blood lipid content and renal function (P

Objective To observe the effects of statins on ATP-binding cassette transporter 1(ABCA1) gene expression in neurons and astrocytes.Methods Primary human astrocytes and neuron cell line HCN-2 were incubated with simvastatin and pravastatin at different concentrations and under different conditions.Using RNA isolated from the cultured cells,we performed quantitative PCR to measure the ABCA1 gene expression in astrocytes and neurons.The protein expression of ABCA1 was measured by Western blot.Results The two statins significantly decreased the ABCA1 gene and protein expressions.Compared with pravastatin,simvastatin significantly reduced the expression of ABCA1 in neurons and astrocytes by 95% and 75%,respectively(both P

Objective To observe the effect of Sirt1 on the phosphorylation of Tau protein in neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cell line.Methods We cultured SK-N-SH cells in vitro with adenovirus packaging of Sirt1 and SirtM (Sirt mutant),and then observed the expression of Sirt1 under an inverted fluorescence microscope.The expressions of Sirt1and SirtM were detected by Western blot;t-Tau protein and phosphorylation of Tau protein were detected by Western blot,Real-time PCR,immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence;and the effect of Sirt1 on SK-N-SH apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry.Results The t-Tau protein level and its phosphorylation were significantly decreased in Sirt1 and SirtM groups compared with those in control group,and Sirt1 group showed more significantly decreased ser404,thr231 phosphorylation of tau protein and the mRNA level of Tau.Flow cytometry showed that Sirt1 could significantly reduce the apoptosis of SK-N-SH cells compared with the control group.Conclusion Sirt1 can decrease the phosphorylation of Tau protein and reduce the apoptosis of SK-N-SH,which provides an important laboratory basis for studies on Tau protein disease and other neurodegenerative diseases.

Objective:To study the relationship between the levels of serum insulin,C-reactive protein(CRP),Tumor Necrosis Factor(TNF-?),insulin resistance index,blood fat,and phlegm-stagnation stasis syndrome of metabolic syndrome(MS),so as to discuss the signifi cance of phlegm-stagnation stasis syndrome in treatment based on syndrome differentiation of MS,in order to fi nd the objective evidence of differentiation of symptoms and signs of TCM of MS.Methods: In this study,54 cases with MS were divided into groups of phlegm-stagnation stasis syndrome and non-phlegm-stagnation stasis syndrome according to the clinical symptoms,tongue demonstration and pulse tracings.There were 25 cases in phlegm-stagnation stasis group,29 cases in non-phlegm-stagnation stasis group.The levels of serum insulin,CRP,TNF-?,blood fat were checked,the insulin resistance index was calculated.Results:The levels of serum insulin,CRP,TNF-? of the two groups of metabolic syndrome were signifi cantly higher than those of the healthy persons(P

The article describes the epidemiology of spinal cord injury (SCI), the measurement methods and affecting factors of post-traumatic growth of SCI patients and treatment strategy of promoting post-traumatic growth of SCI patients. The purposes of the article are to provide help of promote positive psychological changes and improve the quality of life of SCI patients.

Objective:To analyze the treatment and prognosis of advanced age inpatients in Medical Department with lower limbs deep venous thrombosis(DVT).Methods:This was a retrospective study of elderly medical inpatients with DVT, including 58 males(54.7%)and 48 females(45.3%), aged from 80 to 99 years old, in Geriatric Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital from March 2016 to March 2019.There were 91 patients(85.9%)with DVT alone and 15 patients(15.2%)with pulmonary embolism.The clinical data of patients were analyzed, and treatment and prognosis within half a year after discharge were followed-up.Results:A total of 106 elderly medical patients were included, the ratio of male to female was 1.2∶1.0, the age range was 80-99 years old, the median age was 86 years old.Of a total of 106 DVT patients, forty-five cases(42.5%)developed symptoms, sixty-one cases(57.6%)were asymptomatic.Twenty-eight cases(26.4%)involved the proximal lower limb deep veins(popliteal veins and above), seventy-eight cases(73.6%)only involved distal deep veins.Except for advanced age, other DVT risk factors included sixty cases(56.6%)of lung infection, 58 cases(54.7%)being bedridden(>3 d), 50 cases(47.2%)of type 2 diabetes, 46 cases(43.4%)of cerebral infarction, 37 cases(34.9%)of heart failure, and 28 cases(26.4%)of active malignancies, etc.Of a total of 106 DVT patients, 80 cases(75.5%)had high risk of venous thrombosis score, and 68 cases(64.2%)had high risk of bleeding.74 cases received anticoagulant treatment, the rate of anticoagulant treatment was 69.8%.Compared with anticoagulant patients, non-anticoagulant group showed that renal insufficiency, being bedridden, heart failure, cerebral infarction prevalence, and all-cause mortality were increased( P<0.05 or P<0.01).The rate of high risk of bleeding was significantly higher in the non-anticoagulation group than in the anticoagulation group( P<0.01).The pulmonary embolism rate, proximal deep vein involvement rate and their improvement rate when timely rechecking were significantly higher in anticoagulation group than in non-anticoagulation group( P<0.05 or P<0.01, respectively).In the anticoagulation group, 26 patients received short term low-molecular heparin(LMH)treatment during hospitalization, 48 patients(45.3%)were prescribed oral anticoagulants at the time of discharge.Anticoagulation treatment rate is 31.1%(33 cases)at 3 months and 24.5%(26 cases)at 6 months.Non-fatal bleeding occurred in 4 patients in anticoagulation group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups( P>0.05). Conclusions:Great attention should be paid to the risk factors such as lung infection, being bedridden, cerebral infarction, and malignant tumor in the elderly medical inpatients.The rate of high risk of bleeding was high in elderly inpatients, and the rate of regular anticoagulant treatment is low.The risk versus benefit of anticoagulant therapy should be comprehensively evaluated, and individualized therapy should be given.

Objective To compare the differences in lower limb force line between degenerative medial meniscus injuries and lateral meniscus injuries and investigate their correlation.Methods A total of 90 patients who underwent arthroscopic treatment for meniscal injuries between March 2019 and March 2022 were enrolled in the study.They were 45 males and 45 females,at a median age of 52 years(ranging from 40 to 59 years).Of these patients,47 had medial meniscus injuries,while 43 had lateral meniscus injuries.The hip-knee-ankle(HKA)angle was measured on full-length films,and the differences were compared between the 2 groups.Results There were no significant differences in terms of gender,age,lower limb laterality,body mass index,site of injury,and type of injury between the medial meniscus injury group and the lateral meniscus injury group.Statistical difference was observed in the mean HKA angle,with a value of(177.20±2.46)° in the medial meniscus injury group and of(181.05±3.13)° in the lateral meniscus injury group(P＜0.01).Conclusion There is a significant difference in HKA angle between medial meniscus injury group and the lateral meniscus injury group.A correlation is found between lower limb alignment and degenerative meniscus injury.

Objective:To compare the clinical effects of discectomy combined with transpedicular dynamic stabilization and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in treating single-level lumbar disc herniation.Methods:From November 2012 to November 2015, a total of 96 patients with single-level lumbar disc herniation (disc height decreased more than 1/3, the width of the basilar part of the herniated disc >6 mm, massive disc herniation or Modic type I endplate changes) treated by discectomy combined with Dynesys dynamic stabilization (Dynesys group, n=48) or TLIF (fusion group, n=48) were enrolled. Clinical assessments included operation duration, intraoperative blood loss, MacNab score, visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI) and rate of complications. Radiographs were evaluated for lumbar mobility, intervertebral height, etc. Results:A total of 86 patients were included in the final analysis (44 in Dynesys group and 42 in fusion group) and were evaluated after 5 years follow-up. The operation duration of Dynesys group (159.61±37.29 min) was less than that of the fusion group (177.42±39.90 min) significantly ( t=2.140, P=0.035). Intraoperative blood loss in Dynesys group (151.78±50.88 ml) was less than that in fusion group (197.74±76.55 ml) with significant difference ( t=3.293, P=0.001). At 5 years follow-up, there were 2 cases with screw loosening and 5 cases with adjacent segmental degeneration in Dynesys group without symptom. In fusion group, there were 12 cases with adjacent segmental degeneration and two of them with symptom. There were significant differences in the incidence of adjacent segment degeneration between the two groups ( χ2=4.012, P=0.045). According to the MacNab criteria, excellent or good cases accounted for 95% in Dynesys group and 93% in fusion group without significant differences ( Z=0.425, P=0.671). VAS back, VAS leg and ODI scores were improved significantly in both groups after 2 years and 5 years ( P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups ( P<0.05). The activity of the surgical segment was 4.59°±0.48° in Dynesys group and 1.00°±0.42° in fusion group at 5 years after surgery. The height of intervertebral space in Dynesys group decreased from 11.19±2.07 mm before surgery to 9.98±2.02 mm at 2 years after surgery and to 9.86±1.64 mm at 5 years after surgery ( F=6.462, P=0.002). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 and 5 years follow-up ( q=0.415, P>0.05). At 5 years after surgery, the activity of the first proximal segment in the two groups was 9.74°±3.29° and 11.69°±3.89°, respectively ( t=2.514, P=0.014). Conclusion:Both discectomy combined with dynamic stabilization and TLIF can achieve satisfied clinical effects in treating single-level lumbar disc herniation. Dynamic stabilization preserves the intervertebral activity of surgical segments and results in a lower incidence of adjacent segment degeneration compared with that in fusion surgery. Furthermore, discectomy combined with dynamic stabilization is a less invasive intervention with shorter operation duration and less blood loss compared with TLIF.

In order to investigate the feasibility of the extract from Cyclocarya paliurus as an additive in cigarettes,the volatile aromatic components were analyzed by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry(GC-IMS),and C.paliurus extract was pyrolyzed to simulate cigarette smoking by TGA-GC/MS.The cracking products of C.paliurus were analyzed in a nitrogen environment,and the possible cracking mechanism of the products was reasonably speculated.The results showed that aldehydes,alcohols,and ketones were the primary volatile aroma components of the C.paliurus extract,comprising 62.28%of the total aroma components.The cracking products of C.paliurus extract varied greatly under different temperature conditions.A total of 79 compounds were identified at 200,360,and 440℃,among which 24 aromatic components were clearly identified as having significant effects on cigarette style,including aldehydes,ketones,alcohols,phenols,furans,benzene series,and other natural aromatic substances.Among them,phenols containing a high concentration are mainly formed by compounds containing the structure of guaiacol unit and eugenol unit by side chain cleavage,demethylation,demethoxylation,dehydration,etc.Furan and its derivatives are mainly formed by glycosides or glycoside compounds by breaking glucoside bonds and dehydration.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with Libman-Sacks endocarditis (LSE).Methods:Data of SLE patients with LSE ( n=20) who admitted in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2012 to May 2021 were retrospectively collected. SLE patients without LSE ( n=60) were randomly selected as controls according to 1∶3 age and sex matched in the hospitalized patients during the same period. Clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging examinations were analyzed. Data were expressed as Mean± SD, and t test was used to compare quantitative data in normal distri-bution. Data were expressed as M ( Q1, Q 3), and Wilcoxon signed-rank test or Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare quantitative data in non-normal distribution. The count data were compared with Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Univariate conditional logistic regression was used for univariable analyses. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results:There were 20 SLE patients with LSE, 18 females with an average age of (32±9) years (13 to 49 years). The disease duration of SLE was 16.04(0, 185.1) months when LSE was discovered, and vegetations were located at the mitral valve in 19 (95.0%) patients. Cerebral infarction (45.0% vs 10.0%, χ2=9.87, P=0.001) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) (50.0% vs 5.0%, χ2=22.32, P<0.001) were more common in SLE with LSE. In addition, SLE with LSE had lower platelet counts [(140±67)×10 9/L vs (189±115)×10 9/L, t=-2.29, P=0.026] and higher positive rate of lupus anticoagulant (LA) (80.0% vs 23.6%, χ2=19.65, P<0.001), lower positive rate of anti-SSA antibodies (21.1% vs 60.0%, χ2=6.38, P=0.012). Left atrial enlargement (anteroposterior diameter of left atrium>40 mm) was more common in SLE patients with LSE (35.0% vs 5.4%, χ2=9.37, P=0.002), and anteroposterior diameter of left atrium [(37±7) mm vs (33±4) mm, t=2.15, P=0.043] were larger and left ventricular ejection fraction [(63±10)% vs (68±6)%, t=-2.41, P=0.019] was lower. The risk of SLE with LSE complicated with APS was 19 times compared with SLE without LSE [ OR (95% CI)=19.00 (4.43, 81.38), P<0.001]. Conclusion:SLE patients with LSE have increased risk of APS and cerebrovascular diseases. For patients with positive LA, the possibility of LSE should be alerted.