Liver fibrosis is a repair response to chronic liver injury caused by liver metabolic disorders due to many injury factors. Hepatic stellate cell(HSC)activation and proliferation play an important role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. In recent years,studies showed that microRNAs(miRNA)are involved in signal transduction pathways related with HSC activation and proliferation. This article reviewed the role of miRNA in regulation of HSC biological behavior in liver fibrogenesis.

Objective To investigate the effects of low intensity treadmill training on spatial learning and memory and expression of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in hippocampus in mice. Methods 24 female C57BL/6J mice of 3 months were assigned into control group (n=12) and exercise group (n=12). They were assessed with Morris Water Maze task 5 months after exercise. The GSK-3β protein and mRNA expressed in hippocampus were determined 1 week after the task. Results The latency and path length to escape onto the hidden platform decreased in the exercise group (P<0.05), while the cross times increased (P<0.05) compared with the control group. The level of GSK-3β mRNA decreased (P<0.05) and ratio of p-GSK-3β-Ser9 to GSK-3β increased (P<0.05) as well. Conclusion Low intensity treadmill exercise may improve the spatial learning and memory in mice, which may down-regulate the expression and activity of GSK-3β.

Exercise can improve cognitive performance in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which may involve in synaptic plasticity. This paper reviewed the benefit of exercise on AD, the synaptic plasticity in AD, and the effects of exercise on synaptic plasticity.

Objective To optimize the extraction techique for Qingrejiedu oral liquid.Methods The amount of water, extraction time , extraction times and alcohol content were used as inspection factor, 3 levels per factor, with baicalin, chlorogenic acid , geniposide transfer rate and extraction rate as indexes,carries on Weighted comprehensive evaluation,the optimal extractin were screened by L9 (34 ) orthogonal test.ResuIts The optimal extraction condition of Qingrejiedu oral liquid were as follow:extraction for 3 times and 1h each time with 8-fold amount of water and 70% alcohol. ConcIusion Through the orthogonal test, the extraction process of Qingrejiedu oral liquid is designed reasonably, the result is reliable, and the extraction effect is good, and has higher application value.

Objective To explore the expression and significance of Kiss-1, Ki-67 and VEGF-C in papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC) and thyroid follicular adenoma (FA).Methods Forty-four cases of PTC and twelve cases of FA paraffin-embedded tissues were used .Immunohistochemical staining and microscopic image analysis technique were used to analyze the expression of Kiss-1, Ki-67 and VEGF-C.Results The integrated optical density (IOD) of Kiss-1, and VEGF-C in the PTC groups was 475.56 ±126.02 and 805.29 ±226.05,respectively.The proliferation index of Ki-67 protein was (3.36 ±1.11) %and the difference between the PTC and FA groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).The IOD of the above two indices was 408.12 ±124.05 and 912.63 ±108.12 in the PTC with lymph node metastasis group , respectively, while the proliferation index of Ki -67 protein was (3.93 ±0.92) % and the difference vs the group without lymph node metastasis was significant ( P <0.05 ) .In the PTC with capsular infiltration group the IOD of above two was 425.58 ±87.38 and 891.37 ±149.36, the proliferation index of Ki -67 protein was (3.79 ±1.09) %and the difference with PTC group without capsular infiltrtion was statistically significant (P<0.05).Linear correlation analysis showed that Ki-67 and VEGF-C were with positively correlated in PTC and FA tissues (P<0.05),while Kiss-1 and Ki-67, VEGF-C were with negatively correlated in PTC and FA tissues (P<0.05).Conclusion Kiss-1, Ki-67 and VEGF-C can facilitate the differential diagnosis of PTC and FA , serving as prognostic indicators in patients with PTC .

Objective: To investigate the possible association between globus pharyngeus and thyroid abnormalities. Methods: Forty six patients with globus pharyngeus and 50 non globus pharyngeus patients were investigated by using 7.5 MHz high resolution thyroid ultrasound. The micro abnormatities in 2 groups were compared. Results: The incidence of thyroid abnormalities in globus pharyngeus group was 58.9%(27/46),and it was significantly higher than that(18.0%,9/50)in non globus pharyngeus group( P

Objective:To compare the immediate therapeutic effect and safety between esmolol and lanatoside in con-trolling ventricular rate for patients with rapid atrial fibrillation.Methods:A total of 72 patients with rapid atrial fi-brillation (ventricular rate ≥120 beats/min)were randomly and equally divided into esmolol group and lanatoside group.Esmolol group received first dosage of 0.5 mg/kg intravenously for 1 min,then were observed for 5 min,if ventricular rate still >100 beats/min or decreased <20%,the 0.5 mg/kg esmolol was appended,meanwhile main-tained by 0.05mg·kg-1 ·min-1 via micro pump at first,maintenance dose can increase to a maximum 0.3mg· kg-1 ·min-1;lanatoside group received first dosage of 0.4mg or 0.2mg slow intravenous injection,if ventricular rate still >100 beats/min or decreased<20%,the another 0.2mg was appended.The onset time and adverse reac-tions were recorded after administration.Results:Compared with lanatoside group,there was significant reduction in mean onset time [(39.2±8.7)min vs.(5.6±3.1)min]in esmolol group,P<0.01;compared with before adminis-tration,there was significant decrease in ventricular rate in two groups after administration,P<0.05 or<0.01. On 2h af-ter administration,compared with lanatoside group,there was significant increase in decreasing range of ventricular rate (29% vs.39%)in esmolol group,P<0.05. The total effective rate and adverse reaction rate was no significant difference (P>0.05)between two groups.Conclusion:Intravenous using esmolol is efficient and safe,and it can be regarded as pre-ferred therapy to control ventricular rate in patients with rapid atrial fibrillation.

75% compared with the pre-embolism;the intra-operative bleeding ranged 500 to 2000 ml and averaged 810 ml;the surgical removal was successful;the tumor cell necrotic rate was 91% to 95% through post-operative sample pathological examination;and the painful remission rate was 95% to 100%.No severe complications occurred in this series.Conclusion The pre-operative chemotherapy and SAE for spinal tumor are effective,simple,safe and reliable methods

Objective To explore the clinical effect and safety of methimazole combined with 131I in treatment of hyperthyroidism.Methods Patients (83 cases) with hyperthyroidism accepted in Xi'an Jiaotong University Affiliated San Er Ling Yi Hospital from June 2012 to June 2015 were selected and divided into observation group with 42 cases and control group with 41 cases.Patients in observation group were given methimazole combined with 131I,and patients in control group were given PTU combined with 131I.Then the clinical effect,thyroid gland serological indexes,adverse reations,and reoccurrence rates of two groups were observed and compared.Results The total clinical efficacy of observation group was 95.24％,which was obviously higher than 70.73％ of control group with statistically significance (P ＜ 0.05).TSH was getting higher after treatment of two groups,and T3,T4,FT3,FT4,TRAb,and TPOAb were getting lower after treatment of two groups.And TSH in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,T3,T4,FT3,and FT4 were significantly lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The adverse reaction rate of observation group (14.29％) was obviously lower than that of control group (46.34％) with statistically significance (P ＜ 0.05).The reoccurrence rate of observation group (4.76％) was obviously lower than that of control group (26.83％) with statistically significance(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Methimazole combined with 131I has good effect and safety in treatment of hyperthyroidism,which is worth of clinical application.

Objective To observe the effect of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1 ) gene silencing by RNA interfering technology on the proliferation and apoptosis of HeLa cells. Methods Recombinant plasmid pshRNA-DNMT1-A, B and C were respectively transfected into HeLa cells by lipofectamine 2000, while cells transfected plasmid vector pSilencer3.1-HI and cells untreated as control groups. RT-PCR was adopted to select the recombinant plasmid which showed the most optimal inhibition effect. RT-PCR and western blotting was used to detected the mRNA and protein expression of DNMT1 in HeLa cells transfected for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8 ) assay was used to investigate the proliferation of the HeLa cells after transfection, while apoptosis was detected by flowcytometry(FCM ) method. Results Three DNMT1-targeted short hairpin RNA (shRNA) A,B and C were successfully inserted into the plasmid vector PShRNA, and the coding sequences of the obtained shRNA were consistent with the designed fragments. The results indicated that both recombinant plasmid pshRNA-DNMT1-A and B could effectively knock down the expression of DNMT1 gene in human cervical cancer cells, of which pshRNA-DNMTI-B was the better choice. While no effect of pshRNA-DNMTI-C was seen. BT-PCR results showed that the relative mRNA expression of DNMT1 gene in Helm cells transfected with pshRNA-DNMT1 for 24, 48 and 72 hours were 0.406±0.057,0.191±0.036 and 0.104±0.015, which were significantly lower than that in Helm cells transfected by empty vector and non-transfected cells (0.520±0.020, 0.537±0.041, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 ). The western blotting analysis manifested that the relative expression of DNMT1 protein of Helm cells transfected by pshRNA-DNMT1 for 24, 48 and 72 hours were 0.197±0.024, 0.075±0.015, 0.040± 0.013, which were significantly lower than that in transfected cells by empty vector and non-transfected cells (0.273±0.010, 0.283±0.016, respectively, P ＜0.05). The CCK-8 results showed that the cell survival rates of HeLa cells transfected by pshRNA-DNMT1 for 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours were 70.8%, 64.8%, 51.6%, 45.3% and 38.0%, there were statistically different compared with cells transfected by empty vector and non-transfected cells at different time-points (P ＜ 0.01 ). The results of FCM indicated that the apoptesis rate of HeLa cells trandected with pshRNA-DNMTI for 24, 48 and 72 hours were (17.7± 1.3 ) %, (35.3±1.3 ) %, (47.6±1.6 ) %, which were significantly higher than empty vector transfected cells and non-transfected cells [(4.9±0.5 ) %, (5.1±0.7 ) %, respectively, P ＜ 0.05]. Conclusions DNMT1 can be successfully silenced by RNA interfering in cervical Helm cells. Downregulation of DNMT1 can inhibit cervical cancer cells proliferation and induce cell apoptosis.