Users' cognition and information retrieval are faced with great challenges in ubiquitous knowledge environ-ment. The influence of cognitive factors such as personality traits, cognitive style and ability, knowledge structure and ascribed methods on users' information retrieval behaviors was thus analyzed. It was pointed out that different cognitive factors could influence the retrieval, judgment and absorption of its results,users' satisfaction and continuous use in ubiquitous knowledge environment,with suggestions put forward from the aspects of information retrieval education, information service and information users for improving the users ' knowledge system in knowledge assimilating process by working out effective retrieval strategies using the advantages of cognition.

Objective To analyze the data of influenza A(H1N1) viruses surveillance and genetic characteristics from Taian City during 2005-2008,so a scientific basis can be provided for the prevention and treatment of influenza.Methods The specimens from Influenza-Like Illness(ILI) were collected.The viruses were isolated with MDCK cell and identified with HAI and RT-PCR.The product of PCR were sequenced.Then the sequences were analyzed through biometric software.Results A total of 121 influenza strains were obtained from 615 specimens,and 4 of them were identified as A(H1N1) subtype.There were 3 strains mutated on several sites.Compared with strains isolated in 2005,there were 5 and 8 mutations in the amino acid sequences of virus strains isolated in 2007 and 2008 respectively.And there were a total of 22 amino acid mutations compared with A/Brisbane/59/2007(H1N1).Conclusions Influenza type A(H1N1) are detected in Taian City.There are several mutations in the amino acid sequences of virus strains isolated in Taian. The antigenic drift of virus strains is due to accumulation of amino acid substitutions

BACKGROUND:Stem cells have been shown to not only replace damaged cells, but also secrete trophic factors, bringing a bright future for the treatment of clinical spinal cord injury.
OBJECTIVE:To review the latest advances of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in animal and clinical research.
METHODS:A computer-based search of Kjmed and Wanfang databases was done for relevant articles published from April 2004 to April 2014 using the keywords of“stem cells, spinal cord injuries, embryonic stem cells, neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells”in English and Chinese, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 2 745 articles were initial y retrieved, and only 50 articles were included in result analysis. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have become one of the most promising sources of stem cells in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Although the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cellin the treatment of spinal cord injury is stil in its infancy, it has certain effects on the repair of spinal cord injury. The mechanism of action of bone
marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of spinal cord injury is possibly related to the substitution effect, neurotrophic effects, suppression of the immune response and promoting axonal regeneration.

Objective:To detect pathogenic mutation in a Chinese family affected with isolated bilateral microtia.Methods:During 2022 June to December, one Chinese Han family with non-syndromic bilateral microtia was recruited at the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. The clinical data and peripheral blood samples were collected from the family members. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed in the proband to screen all candidate variants. Quantitative PCR was applied to identify the candidate copy number variation (CNV) among the proband, the unaffected wife and the affected son to demonstrate the association between candidate variant and phenotype.Results:The patients in the family had non-syndromic bilateral concha-type microtia. WGS detected the duplication in the intergenic region of HMX1 and CPZ gene in the proband, which involved the evolutionarily conserved region (ECR). Both the proband and his affected son carried the CNV, while his unaffected wife did not have this variation.Conclusion:Duplications involving the long range HMX1 enhancer ECR are associated with the bilateral concha-type microtia in this family.

Objective:To detect pathogenic mutation in a Chinese family affected with isolated bilateral microtia.Methods:During 2022 June to December, one Chinese Han family with non-syndromic bilateral microtia was recruited at the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. The clinical data and peripheral blood samples were collected from the family members. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed in the proband to screen all candidate variants. Quantitative PCR was applied to identify the candidate copy number variation (CNV) among the proband, the unaffected wife and the affected son to demonstrate the association between candidate variant and phenotype.Results:The patients in the family had non-syndromic bilateral concha-type microtia. WGS detected the duplication in the intergenic region of HMX1 and CPZ gene in the proband, which involved the evolutionarily conserved region (ECR). Both the proband and his affected son carried the CNV, while his unaffected wife did not have this variation.Conclusion:Duplications involving the long range HMX1 enhancer ECR are associated with the bilateral concha-type microtia in this family.

Objective To explore the effects of progressive muscle relaxation training (PMRT) on depression,anxiety and quality of life (QOL) in breast cancer patients during perioperative period,so as to provide references for improving nursing quality.Methods A total of 400 breast cancer patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University and Xi'an No.5 Hospital were selected as the research object by convenience sampling method from January 2015 to June 2016. They were divided into the experimental group (n=200,routine nursing + PMRT for five weeks) and the control group (n=200,routine nursing). The QOL,depression and anxiety of patients were evaluated by the functional assessment of cancer therapy-breast (FACT-B),self-rating anxiety scale (SAS),self-rating depression scale (SDS) on the first day after admission and at the fifth week after intervention.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the total score and scores of all dimensions of QOL,the score of anxiety and depression between two groups before intervention (P>0.05).AfterPMRT for five weeks,the total score of QOL was (107.68±5.48) in the experimental group which was higher than that (97.14±9.98) in the control group with a significant difference (t=13.017,P<0.01). Moreover,the scores of anxiety and depression [(38.45±4.91),(38.32±4.61)] in the experimental group were lower than those [(48.24±7.01),(50.24±4.24)] in the control group with significant differences (t=36.629, 18.585;P<0.01).ConclusionsThePMRT can effectively improve the QOL of breast cancer patients during perioperative period,relieve the unhealthy mental state on anxiety,depression and so on.ThePMRT should be widely applied in rehabilitation nursing in breast cancer patients after operation.

Objective To explore the effect of standard operational procedures (SOPs) when used in the quality management system of sterilization and supply departments,and to provide a theoretical basis for ensuring sterilization quality. Methods At first,a standard procedure template was prepared,then each department member was assigned to customize their SOPs based on their own circumstances,and finally the SOPs were reviewed one by one by the departments before the members were trained and began to use the SOPs;totally 2000 surgical instruments from January to December 2014 (before SOPs) and from January to December 2015 (after SOPs) were selected by random sampling,and the percentage of their cleaning quality failure,packing failure,needlestick injury,and the average of clean-up time were measured and compared. Results The possibilities of disqualified cleaning,packing,needlestick injury and lost stitches and average clean-up time decreased compared with those before the SOPs were introduced (χ2=132.37,91.85,9.98, 9.20,32.85;P < 0.05). Conclusions The introduction of SOPs maintains the work of sterilization and supply departments orderly and improve its quality,and therefore,SOPs should be introduced into the quality management system of sterilization and supply departments.

OBJECTIVETo assess the value of pre-gestational deafness-related mutation screening for the prevention and intervention of congenital deafness.

METHODSIn this study, 2168 couples with normal hearing were screened for common mutations associated with congenital deafness using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The mutations have included GJB2 c.235delC and c.299_300delAT, SLC26A4 c.2168A>G and c.IVS7-2A>G, and mtDNA 12SrRNA c.1494C>T and c.1555A>G. For couples who have both carried heterozygous mutations of the same gene, genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis were provided.

RESULTSAmong of the 4 336 individuals, 178 (4.06%) were found to carry a mutation. Mutation rate for c.235delC and c.299_300delAT of GJB2 gene, c.IVS7-2 A>G and c.2168 A>G of SLC26A4 gene, c.1555 A>G and c.1494 C>T of DNA 12S rRNA gene were 0.91%, 0.20%, 0.68%, 0.11%, 0.1% and 0.01%, respectively. For six couples who have both carried mutations of the same gene, all fetuses showed a normal karyotype, while DNA sequencing indicated that two fetuses have carried homozygous c.235delC mutation of the GJB2 gene, one carried a heterozygous c.235delC mutation of the GJB2 gene, one carried heterozygous mutation of GJB2 gene (c.299_300delAT), and two have carried a heterozygous mutation of c.IVS7-2A>G of the SLC26A4 gene.

CONCLUSIONPre-gestational screening for deafness gene mutation can facilitate avoidance the birth of affected children and has a great clinical value for the prevention and intervention of birth defect.

Connexins ; genetics ; Deafness ; congenital ; genetics ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Mutation ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis

Objective To investigate the intra- and interobserver repeatability of coronary artery disease (CAD) diagnosis based on invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and CT coronary angiography (CTCA).Methods Two readers with comparable experience ( over 10 years) independently evaluated ICA results of 42 consecutive patients with a blind method. After 30 days,one of them reviewed the same patients again.Another two comparable-experience (over 10 years) readers evaluated the results of CTCA (prospectively ECG-triggering) from the same 42 patients in the same way.The inter-reader and intra-reader repeatability of ICA and CTCA were analyzed by performing Kappa test and calculating the percentage of the segments with agreement on stenotic degree.Using ICA as reference,the accuracy of CTCA in diagnosing CAD was studied by comparing the area under ROC. Results The Kappa between readers for ICA and CTCA were 0.91 and 0.81.Intra-reader Kappa were 0.92 and 0.83 respectively (x2 =509.4 and 432.5,all P ＜0.01 ).The percentage of the segments with agreement between readers on the degree of stenosis were 80.8％ (494/611) in ICA and 75.2％ (469/624) in CTCA ( x2 =2.75,P =0.10),and within the same reader,86.9％ (531/611)in ICA and 81.9％ (511/624) in CTCA(x2 =3.76,P =0.053).With≥ 50％narrowing as a CAD diagnosis criterion,the agreement rates for two readers were 96.6％ (590/611 ) in ICA and 94.4％ (589/624) in CTCA( x2 =3.36,P =0.07),and for the same reader,97.4％ (595/611) in ICA,95.4％ (595/624) in CTCA ( x2 =3.62,P =0.06).Using ICA as reference,two readers of CTCA results achieved a sensitivity and specificity of 84.9％ (530/624)and 98.1％ (612/624).The area under ROC was 0.94 (95％ CI 0.91-0.97).Conclusions Both ICA and CTCA demonstrate good repeatability in diagnosing CAD.The repeatability of ICA is superior to that of CTCA.A certain discrepancy exists in two readings from the same reader or two readers.

Humans ; Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute ; Leukocytosis