Metformin has become the first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, which is stably efficacious, safe, and cheap. Previous studies have shown that the application of metformin can decrease the rate of tumor incidence, recurrence, and metasta-sis. It can also improve the prognosis of cancer patients and their lifetime after long-term use. Considering its multiple advantages, met-formin has become an emerging choice for the treatment and prevention of cancer. Therefore, the mechanisms through which metfor-min inhibits tumor metastasis in cancer therapy are worth investigating.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of multiplanar reconstruction (MPR ) and volume reconstruc‐tion (VR) technique of 128‐slice spiral CT angiography (MSCTA) for aortic dissection (AD) .Methods :A total of 48 AD patients received continuous thin layer scanning before and after enhancement .The obtained images were de‐livered into workstation to perform MPR and VR reconstruction .Observation and analysis in continuous lay were performed in both techniques respectively .Debakey typing of AD was performed ,and intimal breach ,true and false lumen display ,thrombus and plaques etc .displayed by two reconstruction techniques were statistically analyzed .Re‐sults:Among the 48 AD patients ,there were 22 cases (45. 83% ) with DeBakey type Ⅰ ,10 cases (20. 83% ) with DeBakey typeⅡ and 16 cases with DeBakey type Ⅲ ,the incidence of typeⅠwas significantly more than that of typeⅡ (P<0.05) ,but there no significant difference between type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ (P> 0.05) .MPR technique dis‐played that there were 46 cases (95. 8% ) with true and false lumen ,48 cases (100% ) with intimal breach ,42 cases (87. 5% ) with thrombosis and 18 cases (37. 5% ) with vascular wall plaques .VR technique displayed that there were 43 cases (89.6% ) with true and false lumen ,12 cases (25.0% ) with vascular wall plaques ,but it didn't display lu‐men intimal breach and thrombus .MPR technique was significantly superior to VR technique in displaying intimal breach (100% vs .0% ) ,thrombus (87.5% vs .0% ) and lumen plaques (37.5% vs .25.0% ) ,P<0.05 or <0.01 , but there was no significant difference in displaying true and false lumen between them , P>0.05. Conclusion:The multiplanar reconstruction technique of 128‐slice spiral CT angiography possesses more diagnostic value than that of VR for aortic dissection .

Objective:To define the kinetics of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in serum levels after cerebral ischemia and their correlation with the clinical outcome, infarct volume as measured on CT scans ,and the relevance of vascular risk factors Methods:The levels of serum sICAM 1 were mesured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method in 35 patients with acute cerebral infaration and 20 cases of normal control Results:Serum sICAM 1's concentration in the samples of cerebral infarction on second day (P

Possible impact of ecological and social environmental changes due to the construction of the Three Gorges Dam on the transmission of schistosomiasis draws great attention of the health authority and publics. This article reviews the situation and progress of research on schistosomiasis transmission in reservoir area from three aspects: the possibility of snail spreading and breeding, imported infection sources and social behavioral factors of the people.

Objective To assess the effect of fructose sodium diphosphate and alpha-lipoic acid on diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods Sixty-six patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy were randomly divided into two groups, additional to the regular treatment to control blood glucose, 34 patients in the treatment grouptreated with fructse sodium diphosphate 10 g and alpha-lipoic acid 0.45 g daily through intravenous drip for two weeks (3 patients dropped out due to un-tolerance), 32 patients in the control group treated with alpha-lipoic acid 0.45 g dai-ly through intravenous drip for two weeks. All patients were examined on the improvement of symptoms, motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity of the median nerve and nervus peroneus communis before and after the treatment. Results After treatment for two weeks, the overall effect rate in the treatment group was 93.55 % (28/31), which was significantly higher than that in the control group(68.75%,22/32) (P < 0.05). In the treatment group, the motor nerve conduction velocity for the median nerve and nervus peroneus communis was 47.7 (SD:3.8) m/s and 41.6 (SD: 3.3) m/s after treatment, which was significantly higher than that before treatment (42.5 [SD:2.5] and 36.0[SD:2.8] m/s,respectively) (P <0.05). In the control group, the motor nerve conduction velocity for the median nerve and nervus peroneus communis was 43.4 (SD: 2.0) m/s and 39.6 (SD: 3.3) m/s after treat-ment, which was significantly higher than that before treatment (41.9 [SD16.0] and 36.2 [SD: 1.9] m/s, respec-tively) (P < 0.05). In the treatment group,the sensory nerve conduction velocity for the median nerve and nervus peroneus communis was 40.3 (SD: 1.8) m/s and 34.1 (SD: 2.3) m/s after treatment, which was significantly higher than that before treatment (35.2 [SD:2.3] and 28.8 [SD:2.5] m/s,rospectively) (P <0.05). In the control group,the sensory nerve conduction velocity for the median nerve and nervus peroneus communis was 37.7 (SD:1.7) m/s and 30.8 (SD:2.6) m/s after treatment,which was significantly higher than that before treatment (34.8 [SD :3.1] and 27.8 [SD :2.4] m/s, respectively) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the improvements in the treat-ment group was significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusions Fructse sodium si-phosphate combined with alpha-lipoic acid is more effective to treat diabetic peripheral neuropathy than alpha-lipoic acid only.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACI) can improve the acetylation status of histone N-terminal, which will exert the effect on treatment. The N-terminal of histone modifications belongs to the category of epigenetics. Epigenetics mainly refers to the study of the heritable variation without change in DNA sequence. HDACI had been paid much attention as a new non-cytotoxic an-ti-cancer targeted drug. Thus, the application of this drug in clinical research is widespread. After the U.S. Food and Drug Administra-tion approved two HDACIs for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, the clinical applications of HDACI in other subtypes of T-cell lymphoma have obtained increasing attention. Studies on the mechanism of HDACI provide the theoretical basis for the applica-tion of HDACIs in other subtypes of T-cell lymphoma. In this article, we reviewed the mechanism and clinical trials of HDACIs on the treatment of T-cell lymphoma.

Objective:To explore the role of clinical pharmacists participating in analgesic pharmaceutical care. Methods:Through participating in the analgesic treatment of a patient with left upper lung adenocarcinoma complicated with bone metastases,clinical pharmacists analyzed the rationalization of analgesic drug use in the cancer patient and the contents of pharmaceutical care. Results:Clinical pharmacists timely discovered and solved the problems and provided reasonable advice for clinics during the whole pharmaceutical care process of the cancer patient. Conclusion:Analgesic pharmaceutical care carried out by clinical pharmacists is beneficial to promoting the individualization and standardization of pain treatment,which plays an important role in the rational drug use,reduce adverse drug reactions and so on.

Objective To study the relationship between the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in rat brain and pathogenesis of epilepsy.Methods The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in hippocampus was observed by immunochemistry in normal and epilepsy rat.Meanwile,the effects of dexamethasone before epilepsy on the expression of MMP-9 in hippocampus was evaluated.Results The expression of MMP-9 in hippocampus were fewer in normal rat brain.The expression of MMP-9 had increased in hippocampus after epilepsy 24h.It had increased obviously in dentate gyrus(DG)after epilepsy 72h than 24h(P0.05).Dexamethasone suppressed the expression of MMP-9 in hippocampus.Conclusion The expression of MMP-9 in rat brain participates in immunopathogenesis of epilepsy by affecting brain immunoreaction,leading to the change of neuronal response and synapse remodeling in hippocampus,regulating brain nervous cell excitability.Dexamethasone plays a prominent suppressant role in the processes.

Objective To observe the effect of plasma exchange (PE)therapy for removing serum interleukin-6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα),and interferon gamma (IFNγ)in patients with liver failure,and to assess the value of artificial liver support system in the treatment of liver failure.Methods The study included 36 patients with liver failure who were hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospi-tal of Bengbu Medical College from February 2012 to February 2013.Blood samples were collected before PE and the next morning after mul-tiple treatments.Plasma TNFα,IL-6,and IFNγlevels were measured by ELISA.Between-group comparison of measurement data before and after treatment was made by independent-samples t test,and comparison of mean values between groups was made by analysis of vari-ance.Results All the 36 liver failure patients had significantly lower levels of TNFα(381.23 ±190.57 ng/L vs 274.12 ±212.30 ng/L,P<0.05),IL-6 (77.9 ±83.09 ng/L vs 54.8 ±63.32 ng/L,P<0.05),and IFNγ(534.65 ±471.19 ng/L vs 259.65 ±312.26 ng/L,P<0.05)after treatment than before treatment.According to the severity of clinical manifestations,the patients with subacute or acute-on-chronic (subacute)liver failure were divided into early stage,middle stage,and advanced stage groups.There were significant differ-ences in IL-6 and TNFαdecreases between the early stage,middle stage,and advanced stage groups (P<0.05).IFNγdecrease signifi-cantly differed between the early stage or middle stage group and advanced stage group (P<0.05),but not between the former two groups (P>0.05).After PE therapy,29 out of 36 liver failure patients recovered well,while the remaining 7 patients deteriorated.The recovered group had significantly greater decreases in TNFα(122.58 ±57.64 ng/L vs 42.45 ±19.86 ng/L,P<0.05),IL-6 (26.93 ±7.25 ng/L vs 6.71 ±3.55 ng/L,P<0.05),and IFNγ(284.06 ±94.31 ng/L vs 217.47 ±45.76 ng/L,P<0.05)than the deteriorated group.The response rates of patients with acute,subacute,acute -on -chronic,and chronic liver failure were 66.67%,85.71%,86.36%,and 50%,respectively.Conclusion Continuous artificial liver PE therapy can effectively remove pro-inflammatory cytokines from plasma and thus improve the clinical outcomes of patients with liver failure.

[Summary] With the improvement of current medical diagnosis and treatment technology, more and more patients with adrenal hypoplasia congenita and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism have been diagnosed. DAX-1 gene mutation has been accounted for one of the most important reasons. Clinical manifestations include adrenocortical hypofunction such as loss of salt, dehydration, nausea and vomiting, as well as gonad dysplasia of male patients in puberty. The disease can be diagnosed by blood biochemical and hormonal level testings, imaging tests and gene sequencing. Patients can be treated by glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and male sex hormone. The review will expand the diagnosis and treatment of adrenal hypoplasia congenita with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism caused by DAX-1 gene mutation.