A questionnaire survey was conducted in 724 students from three junior high schools in Shanghai Jinshan district.Total 642 students completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 88.7％,among them 75 were overweighted or obese.The positive rate of 6 out 8 unhealthy psycho-behavioral practices related to weight control in overweight or obese students was significantly higher than that of students with normal weight (all P ＜ 0.05).Binary logistic backward stepwise regression analysis showed that overweight or obesity was risk factor for the unhealthy psycho-behavior practices related to weight control in adolescent students.

Objective To study the quantitative expression and the correlation of the NF-κB p65,COX-2 and MMP-9 Drotein in the hypopharyngeal carcinoma tissue.Methods FCM method was performed to detect the quantitative expression of the NF-κB p65,COX-2 and MMP-9 protein in 48 cases of hypopharyngeal carcinoma fresh sample and 48 cases of para-carcinoma tissue.Fluorescence Index wasdeftned as the quantitative expression index of the three proteins.Results The quantitative expression of the NF-κB p65,COX-2 and MMP-9 in hypopharyngeal carcinoma tissues(1.16,1.32 and 1.26) was remarkably higher than in para-carcinoma(1.03,1.04 and 1.04).The quantitative expression of three proteins in metastasis group was obviously higher than in non-metastasis group.The expression of NF-κB p65 and COX-2 protein in hypopharvngeal carcinoma tissues was positively related (P＜0.05). Conclusion The high expression of NF-κB p65 and COX-2 is closely related in hypopharyngeal carcinoma tissues.NF-κB p65 might improve the expression of COX-2.

Objective: To explore the patterns of health risk behaviors among secondary school students in Shanghai, so as to provide a basis for implementing targeted interventions. Methods: From May to June 2021, 21 junior high schools, regular high schools and secondary vocational schools were selected from Shanghai, and the occurrence of dangerous health behaviors of 6 092 students were investigated in the form of self-filled questionnaires. The clustering analysis of the sample was performed by Ward s departure and peace method. Results: Three types of clustering characteristics were found in this study: being bullied, depression (64.9%), loneliness (48.2%), and insomnia (42.4%) in the high-risk group (1 004, 16.5%); excessive video games (53.1%) and sugary drinks (89.3%) and fried food intake (79.0%) in the medium-risk group (1 585, 26.0%); the low-risk group (3 503, 57.5%) was characterized by extremely low alcohol consumption (0) and smoking (0.4%). The reporting rate on sugary beverage intake, fried food intake, physical activity, malicious teased, solicited, isolated/intentionally excluded, outside the group activities, threatened, kicked/hit/pushed/locked in house, smoking, unhealthy weight loss, playing video game overtime were statistically significant among the three groups ( χ 2=36.74, 41.85, 30.07, 652.68, 334.40, 669.89, 358.84, 233.12, 101.46, 88.45, 230.15, P <0.01) .The difference in reporting rates of loneliness, depression, insomnia and drinking were significant among the three groups (Fisher s test, P <0.01). The majority of junior high school students, general high school students and girls in the high-risk group; boys, general high school students and junior high school students in the excessive video game and unhealthy diet group. Conclusion There are clusters of health-related risk behaviors among secondary school students in Shanghai, focusing on two major aspects: poor lifestyle and mental health. Targeted interventions should be implemented according to the characteristics of health-related risk behaviors clustering to enhance the intervention effect.

Objective To identify and rename one strain stored in National Center for Medicine Culture Collections ( CMCC) and used for tracheitis vaccine production. Methods The test strain CMCC (B)29108 and the type strain DSM30007T were cultured on NA medium. Characteristics in morphology, physiology, biochemistry and fatty acid profile were compared between the two strains. Phylogenetic analysis was based on 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences, together with the DNA-DNA hybridization assay. Results A Comparative analysis of a partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the CMCC( B) 29108 strain was closed to the Acinetobacter species and showed the highest similarity with the type strain Acinetobacter baumannii DSM30007T. Moreover, the CMCC(B)29108 strain was highly similar to type strain DSM30007T in morphology, physiology, biochemistry and fatty acid profile. On the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA and rpoB gene of all Acinetobacter members, the CMCC(B)29108 strain steadily clustered into one independent branch only with the DSM30007 T strain with a DNA-DNA hybridization value of 100%. Conclusion The CMCC(B)29108 strain that is one of the strains used for the production of tracheitis vac-cine should be assigned to the species of Acinetobacter baumannii based on its phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics.

Abstract The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity is rising rapidly and younger and younger people suffer from the obesity problem. Children with obesity are at greater risk of lifelong or even cross generational adverse health consequences. Prevention of childhood obesity is an urgent public health issue. The risk of obesity has been established in the early years of life. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen studies in early life course risk factors. We should not only focus on the matrix in the perinatal period and intrauterine environment factors, but also on postnatal rearing factors, postnatal catch up growth and adiposity rebound.

OBJECTIVETo study the contribution of puberty maturation to smoking behavior in Chinese adolescents.

METHODSA cross-sectional survey was carried out. One thousand four hundred and fifty-three senior middle school students aged from 15 - 18 years were recruited in Shanghai in 2000. A standardized self-administrated questionnaire was designed to obtain information on smoking, age at first nocturnal ejaculation in boys, age at menarche in girls and variables that might be associated with smoking in adolescents.

RESULTSIn boys, the prevalence of experimental smoking was highest among later maturers (28.6%), followed by the earlier (21.3%) and the average (21.7%), and the prevalence of current smoking was highest among earlier maturers (16.4%), followed by the later (7.1%) and then the average (4.8%). In girls, the prevalence of ever smoked among earlier, average and later maturers were as follows: 24.2%, 12.0%, 6.3% respectively. When psychosocial variables which might be associated with smoking were under control, early maturation was a significant risk factor for current smoking in boys (OR = 3.68, 95% CI: 1.23 - 10.99), and might be a risk factor for ever smoked in girls (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 0.89 - 5.60). Whereas late maturation might have been a risk factor for boys to experiment smoking (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 0.72 - 3.06), while in girls it might be protective (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.22 - 1.86).

CONCLUSIONEarlier or later matured boys and earlier matured girls were at higher risk of smoking. Pubertal changes and timing need to be considered in smoking prevention.

Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Puberty ; physiology ; psychology ; Risk Factors ; Sexual Maturation ; physiology ; Smoking ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Statistics as Topic

Objective:To explore the association between chest high resolution CT (HRCT) scoring and prognostic factors of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody-positive dermatomyositis (DM).Methods:The patients with DM admitted to Kailuan General Hospital between January 2017 and December 2019 were included into the study including 13 patients with positiveanti-MDA5 antibody (7 survivors, 6 deaths) and 18 patients with anti-synthase (ARS)-antibody positive. All patients underwent chest HRCT prior to treatment. The consolidation, ground-glass opacity (GGO) and fibrosis were scored to assess HRCT findings. The clinical manifestations were compared between the two groups. Cox regression analysis adjusted for age and sex was used to determine the prognostic factors for anti-MDA5 antibody-related ILD.Results:Compared with ARS patients, glutamyl transferase (GGT) and ferritin levels were significantly higher in MDA5-ILD patients [70.0(37.0, 122.5) vs 21.0(16.5, 33.5), Z=-3.37, P=0.001; 977.0(502.5, 1 366.0) vs 307.1(72.3, 546.9) , Z=-3.44, P=0.001]. The cumulative survival rate was significantly lower in patients with positive anti-MDA5 antibody than in those with positive anti-ARS antibody (100% vs 70%, P=0.001). The DM complicated with acute/subacute interstitial pneumonia (A/SIP) were found to significantly relate to death. There were no significant differences in chest HRCT scoringbetween the survivors and the deceased patients [ HR=1.08, 95% CI(0.95, 1.23), P=0.229; HR=0.97, 95% CI(0.72, 1.30), P=0.814]. Conclusion:Anti-MDA5 antibody is an important index for early diagnosis of DM complicated with acute/subacute interstitial pneumonia (A/SIP). The chest HRCT scoreis is not associated with the prognosis of anti-MDA5 antibody-related ILD patients.

Abstract The adiposity peak (AP) and adiposity rebound (AR) are the highest and lowest points of the body mass index (BMI) growth trajectory in early life. They are also the most significant characteristics. Epidemiological studies have reported the timings and BMI magnitudes of AP and AR in different populations worldwide. Others have observed the impacts of prenatal, postpartum, feeding, economic and social factors on the timing and magnitude of them. In addition, longitudinal studies have tracked the health effect of the timing and magnitude of them on many adverse health outcomes in later life. Based on literature reviews, we summarize the global epidemiological characteristics of AP and AR, while identifying pre and early life determinants as well as their possible long term health effects, so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and management of obesity and related chronic diseases. We also highlight current controversies regarding this issue, while outlining directions for future research.

Objective: To determine the influencing factors of electronic screen time of urban preschoolers before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, so as to provide a scientific basis for the control of digital screen use and early prevention of myopia among preschoolers. Methods: Using multi stage cluster random sampling method, a cross sectional survey of 8 244 kindergarten students in a district of Shanghai was implemented, through parent questionnaire collecting the time child spent on various electronic screens before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, estimated the weighting screen time, and emphatically analyzed the relationship between family electronic screen supervision behavior and preschoolers weighting screen time. Results: The proportion of daily over use time on average of mobile phones, computers and TV/projection screens among the surveyed preschool children during COVID-19 was 30.52%, 51.40% and 56.82%, respectively. On school days before the epidemic, the proportion was 21.94%, 41.80% and 47.51% respectively. After controlling for primary covariates, parents frequent control of children s electronic screen use, parents guidance for electronic screen use were significantly associated with lower weighted screen refractive time ( OR =0.60-0.77, P < 0.05 ). The use of electronic screen when parents accompanied their children, the use of electronic screen time by parents but not strictly implemented were significantly associated with higher weighted screen refractive time and increased screen refractive time ( OR =1.18-1.80, P <0.05). Conclusion Urban preschoolers electronic screen time was high during and before COVID-19. In the control measures of preschool children s electronic screen time, attention should be paid to the management of electronic screen use within the family and parents role model.

Objective: To develop an assessment questionnaire for screen based behaviors among primary and secondary school students, so as to provide a basis for comprehensive assessment among the population. Methods: Nineteen experts were invited to take part in this study from August to September 2022. The initial framework and item pool of the assessment questionnaire were developed based on literature review and a series of guidelines and standards issued by the national education and health authorities, as well as relevant domestic and foreign guidelines, and were combined with existing assessment tools that were used to evaluate screen based behavior among these age groups. Experts in related fields were selected for two rounds of Delphi consultation to determine the dimensions, items and corresponding weights of the assessment questionnaire. Results: The response rates from two rounds of consultation were 95.0% and 100.0% respectively, the opinion submission rates were 89.5% and 63.2% respectively, and the authority coefficient ( Cr ) was 0.87. An assessment questionnaire was finally designed, consisting in 44 items and four dimensions, namely screen use type and time, screen use related health behaviors, safety and civilization in screen use, and reasonable arrangement of screen and non screen activities. The coefficient of variation( CV ) of each item ranged from 0.00 to 0.19, and the Kendall s W increased from 0.22 to 0.34( P <0.01). Expert opinions were in agreement and credible. Conclusion The designed assessment questionnaire can be used to comprehensively evaluate screen based behavior among primary and middle school students, and provides a basis for subsequent intervention measures to improve screen based behavior among this population.