ObjectiveTo explore the theoretical construct of network values and design the network values questionnaire.MethodsThis research was to design the network values questionnaire based on an open-ended inventory survey,overviews of former studies and counseling of experts.Through stratified sampling,832 college students were investigated by the network questionnaire.The data were examined by item analysis,factor analysis,reliability and validity analysis.ResultsThe network values was a multi-dimensional construct which had three factors.The three factors cumulative total explained variance was 50.719％,52.545％ and 50.510％.The questionnaire's internal consistency reliability was 0.931 and 0.809-0.874 for the three subscales.The questionnaire's split-half reliability was 0.902 and 0.772-0.864 for the three subscales.ConclusionThe theoretical construct of network values is rational.The questionnaire has good reliability and validity.

Objective:To investigate relationship between parents'marital relationship and intergenerational transmission of value orientation of marriage and love among college students.Methods:Totally 712 families inclu-ding a college student and his/her parents from 9 universities were surveyed.The Marital Health Test (MHT)was used to assess parents'marital relationship and transmission of value orientation of marriage and love from father and mother.The structural equation modeling and stepwise multiple regression were used to analysis the relationship between parents'marital relationship and intergenerational transmission of value orientation of marriage and love a-mong college students.Results:Moderate correlations (r =0.24 -0.58,Ps <0.01 )were found between parents'marital relationship and transmission of value orientation of marriage and love from father and mother.Path analysis suggested that paths from parents'marital relationship to paternal transmission and maternal transmission were statis-tically significant (path coefficient was 0.59 and 0.75).Grouping regression analysis showed that the influences of parents 'marital relationship of same-sex transmission (R2 =0.49,0.35 ) were greater than opposite-sex transmission.Conclusions:The findings indicate that parents'marital relationship could facilitate the intergeneration-al transmission of value orientation of marriage and love.Moreover,the influences of parents'marital relationship of same-gender transmission may be greater than opposite-sex transmission.

Objective To explore the influence of early comprehensive nursing intervention on physical and mental development in children with high risk of cerebral palsy.Methods 150 children with high risk of cerebral palsy who were treated in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) of Xinxiang central hospital were randomly divided into two groups.78 cases in the intervention group received early comprehensive nursing intervention,including functional training combined with medication and physical treatment method.At the same time,their parents received systematic training and participated in the intervention till the babies reached 2 years old.72 cases in the routine group were given conventional baby care.74 termfor-age neonates who were born in our department of maternity in the same period were selected as the control group,which received conventional baby care.The infants of the routine care group received only conventional baby care.The physical development of the weight,length and head circumference and intelligence of three groups were checked at the age of six months,one year and two years.Results M the age of six months,one and two years old,the physical development were higher significantly in the intervention group than those in the routine group,and had not evident difference with the control group.The mental development index (MDI) of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group at the 6 months,had no obvious difference with the control group at one year old,and was great higher than that of the control group.At the sixth month and one year phychomotor development index (PDI) of the intervention group had no difference with that of the control group,and at two years old were higher than that in the control group.The incidence of the phychomotor development retardment and the cerebral palsy in the intervention group was lower than that in the routine group.Conclusions Early nursing intervention is beneficial to the development of the physical and intelligent development of children with high risk of cerebral palsy.

Objective To explore the effects and mechanisms of periostin overexpression on migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( NPC) cell line.Methods The recombinant plasmids [ pCMV-neo ( +)-periostin ] and control plasmids [pCMV-neo (+)] were transfected into 6-10B cells using lipofectamine 2000TM reagent.The expression of periostin was detected with PCR and Western blotting .Transwell chamber invasion assay was employed to assay the migration and invasion of 6-10B cells before and after transfection .A gelatin zymogram was used to detect the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in cultivated supernatant of 6-10B cells before and after transfection .The expression of integrin-αvβ5 was detected by immunohistochemistry ( IHC) in 6-10Bperiostin cells, 6-10Bvector cells and 6-10B cells as well as normal nasopharyngeal mucosa ( NNM) and NPC and at the same time periostin also was detected by immumohistochemistry in NNM and NPC, and densitometry analysis using image-pro plus 6.0 software, and the correlation between periostin and integrin-αvβ5 on NPC was assayed with statistics .Results Over expression of periostin promoted cell migration and invasion.The expression levels of integrin-αvβ5 in primary NPC and 6-10Bperiostin cells were significantly higher than those in NNM and 6-10Bvector, 6-10B cells.The expression in NPC of integrin-αvβ5 showed positively correlated with the expression of periostin (r=0.682, P<0.01).Conclusion Periostin plays an important role in regulation of cell migration and invasion probably by combining with integrin-αvβ5 to improve the activities of MMPs .

Objective To evaluate the value of PowerPlex（R）21 System (Promega) and study the genetic polymorphism of its 20 short-tandem repeat (STR) loci in southern Chinese Han population.Methods We conducted genotyping experiments using PowerPlex(R)21 System on 20 autosomal STR loci (D3S1358,D1S1656,D6S1043,D13S317,Penta E,D16S539,D18S51,D2S1338,CSF1PO,Penta D,TH01,vWA,D21S11,D7S820,D5S818,TPOX,D8S1179,D12S391,D19S433 and FGA) in 2367 unre1ated Chinese Han individuals living in South China.The allele frequencies and parameters commonly used in forensic science were statistically analyzed in these individuals and compared with the reported data of other populations.Results The PowerPlex（R） 21 System had a power of discrimination (PD) ranging from 0.7839 to 0.9852 and a power of exclusion (PE) ranging from 0.2974 to 0.8099 for the 20 loci.No significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg expectations was found for all the loci except for D5S818.This southern Chinese Han population had significant differences in the allele frequencies from 8 ethnic groups reported in China,and showed significant differences at 8 to 20 STR foci from 5 foreign populations.The allele frequency at the locus D1S1656 in this southern Chinese Han population differed significantly from those in the 5 foreign populations and from 3 reported Han populations in Beijing,Zhejiang Province and Fujian Province of China.The neighbor-joining phylogenetictree showed clustering of all the Asian populations in one branch,while the northern Italian and Argentina populations clustered in a separate branch.This southern Chinese Han population had the nearest affinity with the Yi ethnic population in Yunnan Province of China.Conclusion The 20 STR loci are highly polymorphic in this southern Chinese Han population,suggesting the value of this set of STR loci in forensic personal identification,paternity testing and anthropological study.

Objective To evaluate the value of PowerPlex（R）21 System (Promega) and study the genetic polymorphism of its 20 short-tandem repeat (STR) loci in southern Chinese Han population.Methods We conducted genotyping experiments using PowerPlex(R)21 System on 20 autosomal STR loci (D3S1358,D1S1656,D6S1043,D13S317,Penta E,D16S539,D18S51,D2S1338,CSF1PO,Penta D,TH01,vWA,D21S11,D7S820,D5S818,TPOX,D8S1179,D12S391,D19S433 and FGA) in 2367 unre1ated Chinese Han individuals living in South China.The allele frequencies and parameters commonly used in forensic science were statistically analyzed in these individuals and compared with the reported data of other populations.Results The PowerPlex（R） 21 System had a power of discrimination (PD) ranging from 0.7839 to 0.9852 and a power of exclusion (PE) ranging from 0.2974 to 0.8099 for the 20 loci.No significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg expectations was found for all the loci except for D5S818.This southern Chinese Han population had significant differences in the allele frequencies from 8 ethnic groups reported in China,and showed significant differences at 8 to 20 STR foci from 5 foreign populations.The allele frequency at the locus D1S1656 in this southern Chinese Han population differed significantly from those in the 5 foreign populations and from 3 reported Han populations in Beijing,Zhejiang Province and Fujian Province of China.The neighbor-joining phylogenetictree showed clustering of all the Asian populations in one branch,while the northern Italian and Argentina populations clustered in a separate branch.This southern Chinese Han population had the nearest affinity with the Yi ethnic population in Yunnan Province of China.Conclusion The 20 STR loci are highly polymorphic in this southern Chinese Han population,suggesting the value of this set of STR loci in forensic personal identification,paternity testing and anthropological study.

OBJECTIVETo establish a HPLC-DAD method for determining concentrations of betulic acid and phenol red in intestinal circulation liquid, and probe into the absorption kinetic characteristics of betulic acid at different intestine segments in rats and the effect of different drug concentrations on absorption.

METHODThe rat intestinal absorption model was established to detect the impact of absorption site, drug concentration and pH value on drug absorption.

RESULTWithin the range from 75-125 mg x L(-1), the absorption rate and the quality concentration of betulic acid had a linear relation, with Ka value keeping unchanged. The absorption rate for each intestinal segment showed no remarkable difference, with Ka values in duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon being (0.151 +/- 0.0049), (0.159 +/- 0.0056), (0.156 +/- 6.0083), (0.149 +/- 0.0041) h(-1), respectively.

CONCLUSIONBetulic acid is proved to be well absorbed in intestines marked by no specific absorption site in the intestine. The absorption mechanism of the drug conforms to passive transport mechanism and first-order kinetics. The bioavailability of betulic acid preparation can be increased by enhancing the dissolution rate and the solubility.

Animals ; Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacokinetics ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reference Standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Triterpenes ; pharmacokinetics

Acute pancreatitis is a common disease,the mortality of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is high and early enteral nutrition can effectively reduce the complications and mortality of SAP.However,it is difficult to complete the whole course of enteral nutrition in the hospital,so that home enteral nutrition(HEN) becomes necessary.The main limitation of HEN is the occurrence of various problems in the procedure.This article is intended to explore and summarize the problems related to HEN,including mechanical complications,gastrointestinal side effects,metabolic problems,infection,and psychologic problems,expense,quality of life and others.In consideration of these problems,we also give feasible suggestions for HEN.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of probiotics supplementation on the natural killer T cell (NKT cell) and inflammatory factors in children with sepsis and its protective effect on long-term lung function. METHODS: A total of 100 children with sepsis admitted to the department of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Henan Provincial People's Hospital from March 2021 to May 2022 were selected as the research objects. The children were randomly divided into placebo group and probiotic group, 50 cases in each group. In addition to the conventional treatment, the probiotic group was given oral or nasal administration of 0.5 g probiotics, three times a day for 30 days, and the placebo group received oral placebo. 40 healthy children were selected as the healthy control group. The levels of interleukins (IL-4, IL-10), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and immunoglobulin E (IgE), percentages of NKT cell in blood and induced sputum, lung function of the two groups of children with sepsis were measured before treatment, 7 days after treatment, and during follow-up. All these data were compared with those of healthy children. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the incidence of cough varied cough (CVA) between the two septic groups. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influence of various factors on the proportion of NKT cells in induced sputum. RESULTS: In the placebo group, 2 cases died and 4 cases were lost to follow-up. In the probiotics group, 3 cases died and 5 cases were lost to follow-up. All the inflammatory factors of two groups decreased slowly after 7 day after treatment. There was no significance in the parameters of the two groups, but the levels of probiotic group declined more evidently. During the follow-up, a further decrease of inflammatory factors in probiotic group could be found, the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly different from those in the placebo group [IL-4 (ng/L): 20.3±9.3 vs. 27.6±11.9, IL-10 (ng/L): 23.1±6.8 vs. 14.4±4.4, both P < 0.05], with a significant decrease in IgE level (μg/L: 53.0±15.6 vs. 64.2±16.9, P < 0.05]. The results of flow cytometry showed that the percentage of NKT cell in peripheral blood in two septic groups decreased gradually, and the proportion of peripheral blood NKT cells in the probiotics group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group after 7 days of treatment [(4.2±0.9)% vs. (5.3±1.2)%, P < 0.05]. In the follow-up, the level of NKT cell in peripheral blood and induced sputum in probiotic group were lower than the placebo group [peripheral blood: (0.024±0.009)% vs. (0.029±0.008)%, induced sputum: (0.025±0.008)% vs. (0.035±0.01)%, both P < 0.05], which were similar to those in the healthy control group. Meanwhile, the percentage of predicted peak expiratory (PEF%) and ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) of probiotic group were higher than those in the placebo group [PEF%: (91.3±4.8)% vs. (85.8±8.6)%, FEV1/FVC ratio: (91.8±4.7)% vs. (87.2±7.4)%, both P < 0.05]. Although there was no significance in the incidence of CVA between two septic groups according to the Kaplan-Meier curve analysis, multiple linear regression analysis showed mechanical ventilation and allergic history were the risk factors for the increase of NKT cells [β values were 0.584, 0.601, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were 0.069 to 1.099, 0.011 to 1.192, P = 0.027, 0.046], and probiotics was an independent protective factor for the relieve of increase in NKT cells (β value was -0.984,95%CI was -1.378 to -0.591, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Application of probiotics to septic children early could promote the recovery of NKT cell and inflammatory factors, and alleviate the lung function injury induced by them during follow-up, which is helpful to improve the long-term prognosis of the patients.
Child ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-4 ; Sepsis ; Probiotics/therapeutic use* ; Lung ; Cough ; Immunoglobulin E

Objective:To evaluate the effect of washing red cell suspension before transfusion in the prevention of hyperkalemia in children undergoing scoliosis orthomorphia.Methods:Thirty-two children who had underwent scoliosis orthomorphia from January 2018 to December 2019 in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University, were selected. The children were divided into experiment group and control group by random digits table method with 16 cases each. In experiment group, the red cell suspension was washed by cell-saver before transfusion; in control group, the red cell suspension was infused routinely. Potassium concentration before operation, before blood transfusion, after blood transfusion and after operation was detected. The operation time, autologous blood transfusion, urine output, bleeding volume, allogeneic blood transfusion volume, intake and output, intraoperative blood potassium>5.0 mmol/L and blood transfusion related adverse reactions were recorded.Results:There were no statistical differences in operation time, autologous blood transfusion, urine output, bleeding volume, allogeneic blood transfusion volume, intake and output between 2 groups ( P>0.05). There was no statistical difference in blood potassium before operation and before blood transfusion between 2 groups ( P>0.05). In control group, the blood potassium after blood transfusion and after operation was significantly higher than that before blood transfusion: (4.5 ± 0.7) and (3.9 ± 0.3) mmol/L vs. (3.7 ± 0.2) mmol/L, and there was statistical difference ( P<0.05); in experiment group, the blood potassium after blood transfusion was significantly higher than before blood transfusion: (3.9 ± 0.2) mmol/L vs. (3.8 ± 0.2) mmol/L, and there was statistical difference ( P<0.05); the blood potassium after blood transfusion in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group, and there was statistical difference ( P<0.01); there was no statistical difference in blood potassium postoperative between 2 groups ( P>0.05). In control group, 3 cases had transient blood potassium>5.0 mmol/L, and 1 case had blood potassium>6.7 mmol/L and cardiac arrest occurred during the operation; there was no blood potassium>5.0 mmol/L in experiment group. No blood transfusion related adverse reactions occurred in 2 groups. Conclusions:The method of washing red cell suspension before transfusion used in pediatric scoliosis orthomorphia can significantly reduce blood potassium after blood transfusion and effectively avoid the occurrence of hyperkalemia during the operation.