Objective To determine the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values as an objective method of early detection of traumatic brain injury of the mice models in hippocampus injury.Methods A total of 18 healthy male adult C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into three groups according to the degree of injury:the mild group,severe group and control group.Conventional images,diffusion-weighted images,ADC were studied.The hippocampal were selected as the interesting area.ADC values were calculated and compared with those in control subjects after 6 h,12 h and 24 h.Student t test was performed for each region to compare the injury groups and the control.Results In control group both sides hippocampal ADC values had no differences(8.65±0.26 and 8.77±0.12) × 10-4 mm2/s,P＞0.05.Abnormalities were detected on ADC values,compared with conventional images in the injury groups.ADC values in mild group and severe group were significantly different from those of control group(6 h ADC values were (8.70±0.50) × 10-4 mm2/s,(6.13± 0.11) × 10-4 mm2/s,and (3.16±0.78) × 10-4 mm2/s in control,mild and severe group respectively),(12 h ADC values (8.23±0.61)× 10-4 mm2/s,(5.92 ± 0.27) × 10-4 mm2/s and (2.64±0.65) × 10-4 mm2/s) and (24 h ADC values (9.01±0.14) × 10-4 mm2/s,(5.99± 0.13)×10-4 mm2/s and (2.58±0.42)×10-4 mm2/s),P＜0.05.Conclusion There are differences among the ADC values on differcnt types of hippocampal brain injury mouse-model.ADC values can identify the degree of damage on brain injury and can detect early craniocerebral injury.

United Network for Organ Sharing(UNOS) is an independent,non-profit organization in United States.Since it was established in 1986,it had a very important effect on American organ donation and transplantation field as the only administrator of Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network.UNOS has proper organizational structure,collaborative development process for policies and perfect,high-level computerized network system,which deals with the common issues about the lack of organ and the match of donor and recipient well.UNOS does well in administrating waiting lists of patients,promoting the fair and equitable match between donor and recipient and educating the public about the importance of organ donation,which we can learn from a lot.Combining the transplant condition with our country could improve the organ donation and transplantation in China.

Objective To study the mechanism of brain death-induced heart damage by observing the change patterns of morphological damage to the heart and related inflammatory factors after brain death and provide the experimental basis for heart transplantation by brain-dead donor.Methods The 30 rabbits were equally divided into two groups by the random digital table method:sham-operation group and brain death group.The rabbit brain death model was established in the brain death group,and the sham-operation group was given slow intracranial pressure.The rest treatments in the two groups were the same.At 2nd,6th and 8th h after operation,blood pressure,heart rate and respiratory rate were recorded.The damage of heart tissues was observed by HE staining.The plasma concentrations of IL-1,IL-6 and IL-8 were tested by ELISA.The expression of some inflammatory factors in heart issues was detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.Results At 8 h after brain death,there was no signifiant difference in blood pressure and heart rate between two groups (P＞0.05).The damage of heart issues in the brain death group was more serious than in the shamoperation group.With the prolongation of brain death,the plasma concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 increased significantly in the brain death group (P＜0.05),but the concentration of IL-1β showed no siginificant difference between the two groups at 2 h after brain death (P＜0.05).Besides,the expression of HSP27 and HSP70 mRNA as well as the protein expression of ICAM and NF-κB was significantly increased in the brain death group as compared with that in the sham-operation group (P＜0.05).Conclusion With the prolongation of brain death time,the inflammatory factors in the heart tissues and plasma interleukin were increased,suggesting the inflammatory reaction occurs in donor heart under the condition of brain death,which influences the quality of donor in the heart transplantation.

Regulating phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ enzyme,drug transporters and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) play an important role in dug metabolism and keeping balance on the levels of glucose,lipids and hormone in serum.As a hub of material metabolism within body,CAR can affect the efficacy of various drugs and be involved in many common metabolic diseases.Studying its polymorphism is referential for explaining the individual difference genetically and predicting the occurrence and development of diseases.This review focuses on the correlation between the CAR polymorphism and metabolic,which provides evidence for predicting the development of disease and choosing clinical drug dosage.

Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major complication of hemorrhagic shock, liver transplantation, and other liver surgeries. It’s important to study the targets towards liver IRI for preventing and mitigating the clinical renal injury. It has been reported that the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) protects the liver against IRI by targeting family with sequence similarity 3 member A (FAM3A). At the meantime, noncoding RNAs, including lncRNAs and miRNAs, have also been reported to play important roles on the process of hepatic IRI. This review briefly discussed the roles and mechanisms of PPARγ, FAM3A and noncoding RNAs in liver IRI, to find potential targets of gene therapy, aiming to prevent and mitigate the liver IRI as well as to improve postoperative liver function.