Objective To investigate the effect and clinical efficacy of pranoprofen eye drops on lysozyme, EGF and LF levels in type 2 diabetic patients with dry eye syndrome.Methods70 Type 2 diabetes patients with dry eye from department of ophthalmology, Yuyao People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province from September 2013 to May 2015.They were selected and randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group with 35 cases in each group.The control group were treated by artificial tears eye drops 0.1mL/time, 6 times/day treatment.The treatment group were treated on the base of the control group with pranoprofen eye drops 0.15mL/eye drops, 4 times/day treatment.2 groups were 14 days for 1 courses of treatment, a total of 2 courses of treatment.The tear break-up time, basal lacrimal secretion, corneal fluorescein staining positive rate and clinical efficacy were compared between two groups before and after treatment.ResultsWith the total effective rate in the treatment group,was higher than the control group(P<0.05).Compared with before treatment, the tear break-up time prolonged, basal lacrimal secretion, tear lysozyme, EGF and LF levels were higher(P<0.05), the positive reaction rate of corneal fluorescence staining was lower(P<0.05).Compared with the control group after treatment, the tear break-up time prolonged, basal lacrimal secretion, tear lysozyme, EGF and LF levels were higher(P<0.05), the positive reaction rate of corneal fluorescence staining was lower(P<0.05).ConclusionThe clinical efficacy of pranoprofen eye drops in type 2 diabetic patients with dry eye syndromeis good.It is speculated that the mechanism and tear break-up time prolonged, basal lacrimal secretion increase and lysozyme, epidermal growth factor(EGF)and the level of LF increased.

Objective To investigate the present status of Chinese patent medicine with realgar (As2S2) and to research arsenic dissolution in different pH values. Methods Data on the amount of Chinese patent medicine with realgar, the content of realgar, the method of taking medicine and so on were collected from the Chinese traditional medicine protection and criterions issued by the Chinese Ministry of Health in 2005, and evaluated the using status of Chinese patent medicine with realgar. The realgar powder was dissolved in solutions at different pH values (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11) in 37℃ water for 4 h, respectively, then arsenic was determined with cold trap hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry to calculate the amount of dissolved arsenic. Results One hundred and twenty-one (3.13%) realgar medicaments were recorded in a total of 3 860 various Chinese patent medicaments, including 74 medicaments with both realgar and cinnabar (HgS) . Of all medicaments with realgar, 97 medicaments (80.17%) were for oral application, 10 medicaments (8.26%) were for external application, and 14 medicaments (11.57%) were for both oral and external application. 45 medicaments with realgar (1.17%) could be used in children; 108 medicaments with realgar (89.26%) contained arsenic 15%; The relative amount of arsenic in medicaments with realgar was from 0.46% to 27.52%. Daily intake of arsenic was 500 mg for 11 medicaments (9.09%). Only inorganic arsenic (iAs) was detected when 1 mg realgar was dissolved in solution with pH values of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11. The levels of dissolved iAs seemed increased with the pH values, which were 1.58 ?g, 1.24 ?g, 1.57 ?g, 1.62 ?g, 2.28 ?g and 4.76 ?g, respectively. Conclusion Considering the common use of realgar in Chinese patent medicine and the high level of arsenic in realgar, the potential danger can not be ignored. It is possible that arsenic in realgar may be much easier to be absorbed in intestine than in stomach.

Objective To investigate clinical effect of breviscapine combined with nerve growth factor in treatment of ischemic optic neuropathy . Methods 80 patients with ischemic optic neuropathy from March 2014 to March 2016 in our hospital were selected and divided into the control group and observation group, 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with nerve growth factor, hip injection 30ug, one times a day, while the observation group was treated with breviscapine combined with nerve growth factor, 80 mg breviscapine added to 500 mL glucose intravenous infusion, one times a day.Then the changes of visual acuity, visual field loss difference (LV), the average damage of vision (MD), the average vision light sensitivity ( MS ) , adverse reactions, curative effect were compared between two groups.Results After treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), the visual acuity of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), LV, MD was significantly lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), MS was significantly higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).There was no difference in adverse reactions between the two groups.Conclusion Breviscapine combined with nerve growth factor in the treatment of ischemic optic neuropathy can improve nerve function of patients , improve the therapeutic effect.

Objective: To develop 5-FU multiple emulsion entrapped into thermo-sensitive gel (5-FU-DEG) and detect the ab-sorption and transportation in Caco-2 cell monolayer model. Methods:The 5-FU multiple emulsion was prepared by a two-step emulsif-ying method. Poloxamer 407 (P407) was used as the thermo-sensitive material and sodium alginate (SA) was used as the bioadhesive material for the preparation of 5-FU-DEG. Caco-2 cell monolayer model was used to investigate the transportation and absorption of 5-FU. Results:5-FU-DEG gelled at the ambient temperature and turned into liquid below 10℃ The apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of 5-FU-DEG was 1.47 ±0.11 ×10 -5(cm·s-1), which was about 6 times higher than that of 5-FU water solution(2.39 ± 0.21 ×10 -6 cm·s-1)(P<0.01). The cellular uptake rate of 5-FU-DEG was (17.1 ±0.24) %, which was 3.9 times greater than that of 5-FU water solution (4. 41 ± 0. 23%)(P<0. 01). Conclusion:5-FU-DEG can efficiently enhance the transportation and ab-sorption of drug in rectal site by using micro-emulsion technology combined with thermo-sensitive technology, which can be an effective rectal delivery system for 5-FU to treat rectal cancer.

Objective To investigate and analyze the status of psychological stress and career maturity of nursing postgraduates to study the relationship between psychological stress and career maturity. Methods A total of 556 full-time postgraduates were chosen as the research objects, the psychological stress and career maturity questionnaires of the postgraduates were used for the self-assessment survey analysis of the status of psychological stress and career maturity of 6 different colleges and universitiespostgraduates. SPSS17.0 was conducted to sort and analyze data. Results The status of investigation: the total score of career maturity of the postgraduates was 66.50 ± 9.80, average score for 2.02±0.30, and professional self-knowledge score was significantly higher in 9 dimensions. The total score of psychological stress was 101.50±14.37, average score for 3.17±0.45, and professional development in 8 dimensions was under the most pressure.The analysis of influence factors: the factors of career maturity including , professional attitude, professional orientation and planning and scientific research consciousness (F=4.988, F=8.087, F=4.573, P < 0.05);the factors of psychological stress including native place, professional attitude, professional orientation and planning (t=6.020, F=3.518, F=7.913, P<0.05). There was a negative correlation relationship between psychological stress and career maturity of the postgraduates(r=-0.208, P < 0.05). Conclusions The level of career maturity is low, and there is moderate psychological pressure of the postgraduates. The results show that the level of career maturity can be negative predict by psychological stress. Under the guidance of professional competence to strengthen the overall quality of training can effectively relieve the negative impact of psychological stress on career maturity.

Objective To investigate the role of scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) signaling pathway in serum amyloid A (SAA)-induced angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods The expression and location of SR-B1 in RA and osteoarthritis (OA) synovial tissues were observed by immunohistochemistry.And SR-B1 expression in the resting human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was detected by immunoflourescence.Wound repair assessement and tube formation assessement were employed to evaluate the effect on cell migration and tube formation stimulated by SAA and/or anti-SR-B1 antibody.The t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for statistical analysis.Results ① SR-B1 was significantly highly expressed in RA tissue samples (A=6 788±819) when compared to the minimal expression in OA (A =31 849±6 977,t=3.567,P＜0.01).Positive staining of SR-B1 was observed in RA synovial vascular endothelial cells and perivascular areas.② Strong staining for SR-B1 was observed in all HUVECs tested.③ Significant wound healing induced by SAA (MI=2.50±0.17) was found compared with the untreated controls (MI=1.00±0.09,q=14.38,P＜0.01),and the effects were inhibited in the presence of anti-SR-B1 antibody (MI=1.16±0.14,q=13.02,P＜0.01).④ Compared to the untreated group (branch point number:6.6±0.8),there was an enhanced formation of branched and capillary-hke tube structure followed by SAA stimulation (branch point number:19.0±1.1,q=25.04,P＜0.01) after culturing for 72 h,whereas,tube formation decreased markedly upon pre-treated with anti-SR-B1 antibody (branch point number:7.6±1.3,vs SAA,q =23.32,P＜0.01).Conclusion Our present study suggests that serum amyloid A may induce angiogenesis via SR-B1 signaling pathway in RA.

Objective To explore whether serum amyloid A (SAA) can induce the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)in neutrophils in vitro. Methods A stable method for inducing NETs formation in vitro was established, in-cluding isolation of peripheral blood neutrophils, cell culture, and NETs formation and observation. The neutrophils were iso-lated from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers. And cells were cultured in vitro and classified into three groups:negative control (NC) group, SAA group and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group. Following the distinct stimulation in three groups, NETs formation was observed and its percentage was calculated. The concentration of hinstone (h) 3 in supernatant was detected by ELISA. Results The purification and vitality of isolated neutrophils were both more than 95%. The nuclei of neutrophils lost their shape and spread, NETs formation was found. More NETs formation was found in SAA group than that in NC group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the concentration of h3 in supernatant was significantly higher in SAA group than that in NC group (P<0.05). Conclusion SAA can induce the formation of NETs in vitro.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of Rhubarb associated preparations (rhubarb or prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine including rhubarb) on sepsis patients with acute gastrointestinal dysfunction (AGI).Methods The retrieval of databases from libraries including PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CNKI, CBMdisc, Wan Fang Database, VIP database were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about Rhubarb associated preparations for treatment of sepsis patients with AGI from the foundation of the various databases to March 2016. And in the mean time, the references of the studies accepted were also retrieved. The retrieving and screening of literatures were performed independently by two researchers, the methodological quality and data extraction of the enrolled literatures were assessed by Jadad scale, and Cochrane Collaboration 5.3 software was used to perform Meta analyses to observe the effects of rhubarb associated preparations on gastrointestinal function score, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ) score and 28-day mortality in sepsis patients with AGI; the bias of published literatures was evaluated by funnel plot.Results ① Finally, 16 studies involving 1 171 patients (610 in rhubarb preparation group and 561 in the control group) were identified and enrolled. 12 studies had a Jadad score ≥ 3 and 4 studies < 3. The random method was used in classification of groups in all the studies in which the intergroup baseline data being comparable was clearly indicated. The blind method was applied in 5 contained RCTs.② The results of Meta-analyses showed that rhubarb associated preparation could improve gastrointestinal function score [mean difference (MD) = -0.52, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = -0.55 to -0.48, P < 0.000 01], reduce the APACHEⅡ score (MD = -3.66, 95%CI = -5.00 to -2.33,P < 0.000 01) and 28-day mortality [odds ratio (OR) = 0.46, 95%CI = 0.30 to 0.71,P < 0.000 01] compared with those in the control group, the differences being statistically significant. No publication bias was seen in 16 literatures containing RCTs from the funnel plot.Conclusions Compared with the control group, the rhubarb associated preparations combined with conventional theraph can significantly improve the gastrointestinal function score, reduce APACHE Ⅱ score and 28-day mortality of sepsis patients with AGI, which suggests the rhubarb associated preparations have better efficacy. In addition, the result of sensitivity analysis has not substantially changed the results of Meta-analysis.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of active cycle of breathing techniques (ACBT) on respiratory muscle training in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.Methods:A quasi-experimental trial was performed. Patients were allocated to the control group or intervention group according to their time of admission. Patients who were admitted to hospital from January 2019 to April 2019 were assigned to the control group and patients admitted from May 2019 to October 2019 were allocated to the intervention group. The control group ( n=84) received routine perioperative care, and the intervention group ( n=82) received ACBT in addition to routine perioperative care. Patients in both groups were trained 3 to 5 times a day throughout their stay in the hospital. The primary outcome measure was maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), peak of expiratory flow (PEF), forced vital capacity (FVC). Other outcomes included the postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC), days of postoperative hospital stay. Results:The MIP, PEF, FVC value of the control group 3 days after extubation were (64.77±9.80) cmH 2O (1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa), (139.52±23.74) L/min, (1.07±0.20) L, the intervention group were (69.89±10.92) cmH 2O, (150.37±28.65) L/min, (1.15±0.22)L, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t values were -3.177,-2.657,-2.409, P <0.05). The MIP, PEF, FVC value of the control group 5 days after extubation were (71.13±8.64) cmH 2O, (270.48±44.36) L/min, (2.02±0.29) L, the intervention group were (74.72±12.48) cmH 2O, (287.07±58.61) L/min, (2.21±0.35) L, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t values were -2.161,-2.060,-3.605, P <0.05). The days of postoperative hospital stay of control group and intervention group were (8.15±0.98) and (7.80±1.23) d, there were significant differences ( t value was 2.021, P <0.05). Conclusions:ACBT is an effective and economical pulmonary rehabilitation method, it has effect on Respiratory Muscle Training in Patients Undergoing CABG surgery.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of intranasal administration of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged rats.Methods:Forty healthy Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes, aged 21-23 months, weighing 480-600 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=10 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (group S), operation group (group O), intranasal administration of low-dose GDNF group (group G1) and intranasal administration of high-dose GDNF group (group G2). Rats underwent exploratory laparotomy under anesthesia with chloral hydrate in O, G1 and G2 groups, while the rats in group S only received sham operation.The rats in group G1 and group G2 were intranasally treated with GDNF 25 and 50 μg (in 25 μl of PBS), respectively, and PBS 25 μl was nasally administered in group S and group O every day for 3 consecutive days after operation or sham operation.Morris water maze test was performed on days 3-7 after surgery, and then the rats were sacrificed, and hippocampal tissues were removed for determination of the expression of GDNF, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), activated caspase-3 and Bax (by Western blot). Results:Compared with group S, the escape latency was significantly prolonged on days 5-7 after operation, the number of crossing the platform was reduced, time spent in the target quadrant was shortened, expression of GDNF was down-regulated, and expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, HMGB1, activated caspase-3 and Bax in hippocampi was up-regulated in group O, and the number of crossing the platform was reduced, time spent in the target quadrant was shortened, and expression of IL-1β and TNF-α was up-regulated in G1 and G2 groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group O, the escape latency was significantly shortened on days 5-7 after operation, the number of crossing the platform was increased, time spent in the target quadrant was prolonged, expression of GDNF was up-regulated, expression of TNF-α, HMGB1, activated caspase-3 and Bax in hippocampi was down-regulated in G1 and G2 groups, and IL-1β in hippocampi was down-regulated in group G1 ( P<0.05). Compared with group G1, the expression of TNF-α in hippocampi was down-regulated ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the other parameters mentioned above in group G2 ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Intranasal administration of GDNF can improve postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and the mechanism may be related to inhibiting neuroinflammatory responses and neuroapoptosis in aged rats.