Based on the analysis of the common problems which exist in the military hospital medical cooperative projects, five countermeasures are put forward. Firstly, the basic principles for cooperation should be grasped accurately. Secondly, the management system should be perfected. Thirdly, the feasibility of the projects should be augmented enough. Fourthly, the clauses of the contracts should be checked strictly. Lastly, the supervision and management should be enhanced actively in the period of the cooperation.

Objective To observe the effects of different folate levels on inorganic arsenic-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress status. Methods Chang human hepatocytes were cultured with 20 ?mol/L sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) in medium containing 0 ?mol/L, 2.3 ?mol/L and 10 ?mol/L of folate, respectively. After 24 h of treatment with NaAsO2, cell viability was analyzed with 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method, apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V/PI double staining, levels of ROS were detected by 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe, and intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were determined by DTNB method and formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, respectively. Results The decrease of cell viability and the increase of intracellular ROS and MDA induced by NaAsO2 were significantly exacerbated by folate deficiency but attenuated by folate supplement (P

Objective To investigate the present status of Chinese patent medicine with realgar (As2S2) and to research arsenic dissolution in different pH values. Methods Data on the amount of Chinese patent medicine with realgar, the content of realgar, the method of taking medicine and so on were collected from the Chinese traditional medicine protection and criterions issued by the Chinese Ministry of Health in 2005, and evaluated the using status of Chinese patent medicine with realgar. The realgar powder was dissolved in solutions at different pH values (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11) in 37℃ water for 4 h, respectively, then arsenic was determined with cold trap hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry to calculate the amount of dissolved arsenic. Results One hundred and twenty-one (3.13%) realgar medicaments were recorded in a total of 3 860 various Chinese patent medicaments, including 74 medicaments with both realgar and cinnabar (HgS) . Of all medicaments with realgar, 97 medicaments (80.17%) were for oral application, 10 medicaments (8.26%) were for external application, and 14 medicaments (11.57%) were for both oral and external application. 45 medicaments with realgar (1.17%) could be used in children; 108 medicaments with realgar (89.26%) contained arsenic 15%; The relative amount of arsenic in medicaments with realgar was from 0.46% to 27.52%. Daily intake of arsenic was 500 mg for 11 medicaments (9.09%). Only inorganic arsenic (iAs) was detected when 1 mg realgar was dissolved in solution with pH values of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11. The levels of dissolved iAs seemed increased with the pH values, which were 1.58 ?g, 1.24 ?g, 1.57 ?g, 1.62 ?g, 2.28 ?g and 4.76 ?g, respectively. Conclusion Considering the common use of realgar in Chinese patent medicine and the high level of arsenic in realgar, the potential danger can not be ignored. It is possible that arsenic in realgar may be much easier to be absorbed in intestine than in stomach.

Objective Chromatography fingerprint of Radix Codonopsis of different age from Shanxi province was studied to provide the reference for the science appraisal of intrinsic quality of Radix codonopsis. Method A RP-HPLC method was applied on GraceSmart-RP18 (250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) column with acetonitrile-0.1% acetic acid gradient elution as mobile phase, and the flow-rate was 0.6 mL/min. The detection wavelength was at 268 nm and the column temperature was at 30 ℃. Result Chromatography fingerprint of Radix Codonopsis can demonstrate obviously the difference and the similarity of Radix Codonopsis of different age. The RSD were lower than 3% in the precision, stability and the repetitiveness trial, and the codonopsis pilosula alkyne glucoside can be used as the reference to identify the active composition of Radix Codonopsis. Conclusion The method was simple, reproducible and reliable. The integrity of fingerprint can be used to supply the reference for the quality control of Radix Codonopsis from Shanxi provice.

This paper is devoted to discussing two research patterns of biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome and presenting a research strategy for data mining methods. It points out that data mining methods which are based on feature selection are better fit for investigating biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome. Based on such a discussion, the concept of "characteristic pattern" is proposed to bridge the gap between "golden index" and biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome. This paper presents a novel research avenue for investigating biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between antibiotics use and antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter bauman-nii to provide reference for rational antibiotics use. Methods:The DDDs of antibiotics in the inpatients and the drug resistance rate of A. baumannii were analyzed in our hospital from 2010 to 2014. The relationship between the antibiotics use and the antimicrobial re-sistance of A. baumannii was analyzed by SPSS 19. 0. Results:From 2010 to 2014, the total DDDs of antimicrobials in our hospital were decreased year by year in the first three years, while increased significantly in the last two years. The total DDDs of cephalospo-rins always ranked the first and the DDDs of carbapenem were increased year by year. The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii a-gainst multiple antibacterials was increased in varying degrees in the past five years. In addition to levofloxacin, cefoperazone/sulbac-tam and tigecycline, the resistance rate against the other antibacterials was increased up to 50% in 2014. The resistant rate of A. bau-mannii against ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, cefepime, imipenem and tazobactam/piperacillin presented a positive correlation with the DDDs of cephalosporins and quinolones(P<0. 05). The resistance rate of A. baumannii against cefepime, imipenem tazobactam/pip-eracillin and levofloxacin was also positively correlated with the DDDs of carbapenem(P<0. 05). Conclusion: Antibiotics consump-tion is related to drug resistance of A. baumannii,so it is necessary to strengthen the management of clinical antibiotics use to decrease the multidrug-resistant strains.

The physiological and bio-marker function of D-acidic amino acids is now becoming the hot topic on metabolomics study and new drug discovery. A fully automated two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography (2D-HPLC) system was established by using monolithic ODS column as the first dimension column, acetonitrile-trifluoro acetic acid-water (9: 0. 05: 92, V/ V) as the mobile phase; micro Chiralpak QD-1-AX column as the enantiomer separation column, 10 mmol/ L citric acid in methanol-acetonitrile (50: 50, V/ V) as the mobile phase for the second dimension, 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-F) as the fluorometrical derivative reagent. The separation efficiency ( Rs > 2. 5), determination sensitivity ( LOD =1 fmol) of acidic amino acids enantiomers were higher than those of existing methods, and an online confirmation of the enantiomers amounts was also achieved using this system. The recoveries were around 97-104% , RSD values for intra-day and inter-day precision were less than 5% for the acidic amino acids enantiomers in the biological samples. Furthermore, by analyzing the aging model senescence accelerated mouse prone 1 (SAMP1) mice which have low immunocompetence, the amounts of D-aspartic acid in thymus and spleen were determined as (206±18) and (264±21) nmol/ g, respectively. It is the first time that an obvious trend of the increasement of D-aspartic acid (p<0. 01) was observed in thymus and spleen of SAMP1 mice compare to senescence accelerated mouse resistant 1 (SAMR1) mice.

Objective To analyze the CT and MRI features of pancreatic serous micro-cystic cystadenoma (SMCA).Methods CT and MRI data of 17 patients with SMCA confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Tumor's location,diameter,septation,contrast-enhancement features,calcification,central scar, and the extent of pancreaticobiliary duct dilatation were recorded.Results Seventeen patients were enrolled.10 underwent CT,6 underwent MR(2 patients also underwent MRCP), and 1 underwent both CT and MR.Tumors were located at pancreatic head in 2 cases,neck in 2 cases,and body/tail in 13 cases.Lesion size ranged from 1.7 cm to 14 cm with an average of 5.2 cm.Septation was seen in 16 cases.Central scar was seen in 9 cases Septation and scar were enhanced and cystic component was not enhanced on contrast enhancement.6 patients presented the main pancreaticduct dilation.Conclusion Pancreas SMCA has certain imaging features.It is always manifested as lobulated mass with multiple small capsules(<2 cm) and fiber separations.The fiber separation enhance significantly,but lower than normal pancreatic tissue.Central scar is the characteristic manifestation of SMCA, and it manifests iso or slightly lower signal on T1WI and T2WI.Typical SMCA can be diagnosed according to the CT and MR imaging manifestations.

Objective · To observe the effects of custom made fiber posts on the fracture resistance of young permanent teeth treated with calcium hydroxide for different time. Methods · Forty-five extracted human young permanent teeth (premolar) were selected and randomly assigned to 9 groups.One group was the control group and the rest 8 groups were treated with conventional root canal preparation. Of these 8 groups, 4 groups (F Ⅰ , F Ⅲ , F Ⅵ ,FⅨ ) were restored by custom made fiber posts after being treated with calcium hydroxide for 1, 3, 6, and 9 months respectively, and other 4 groups (C Ⅰ ,CⅢ , C Ⅵ , C Ⅸ ) were not restored by custom made fiber posts. All samples underwent fracture strength tests and their fracture modes were analyzed for the possibility of second repair. Results · The fracture load was decreased with the treatment time after being treated with calcium hydroxide for 1 month (P<0.01). The fracture loads in groups restored by custom made fiber posts were increased after being treated with calcium hydroxide for 6 and 9 months (P<0.05, P<0.01). After being treated with calcium hydroxide for 1 month, groups restored by custom made fiber posts were likely to have fracture modes that facilitate the second repair as compared with groups not restored by custom made fiber posts (P<0.05). Conclusion · The restoration by custom made fiber posts can increase the fracture resistance of young permanent teeth treated with calcium hydroxide for medium and long term ( ≥ 1 month).

Objective: To develop 5-FU multiple emulsion entrapped into thermo-sensitive gel (5-FU-DEG) and detect the ab-sorption and transportation in Caco-2 cell monolayer model. Methods:The 5-FU multiple emulsion was prepared by a two-step emulsif-ying method. Poloxamer 407 (P407) was used as the thermo-sensitive material and sodium alginate (SA) was used as the bioadhesive material for the preparation of 5-FU-DEG. Caco-2 cell monolayer model was used to investigate the transportation and absorption of 5-FU. Results:5-FU-DEG gelled at the ambient temperature and turned into liquid below 10℃ The apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of 5-FU-DEG was 1.47 ±0.11 ×10 -5(cm·s-1), which was about 6 times higher than that of 5-FU water solution(2.39 ± 0.21 ×10 -6 cm·s-1)(P<0.01). The cellular uptake rate of 5-FU-DEG was (17.1 ±0.24) %, which was 3.9 times greater than that of 5-FU water solution (4. 41 ± 0. 23%)(P<0. 01). Conclusion:5-FU-DEG can efficiently enhance the transportation and ab-sorption of drug in rectal site by using micro-emulsion technology combined with thermo-sensitive technology, which can be an effective rectal delivery system for 5-FU to treat rectal cancer.