Silicosis is a diffuse pulmonary fibrosis disease caused by occupational exposure to silica, which is one of the occupational diseases with high incidence in developing countries. Up to now, there is no definite drug to relieve or reverse the lung injury caused by silicosis, so it is very important to prevent, diagnose and treat pulmonary fibrosis as soon as possible. Studies have shown that a chronic inflammatory environment contributes to pulmonary fibrosis to a certain extent. Interleukin-1β is a cytokine that increases the number of inflammatory factors in the microenvironment in the immune response and plays a key role in inflammatory reaction. Therefore, the release of interleukin-1β is of great significance in the pathogenesis of silicosis. This paper aims to systematically expound the development course of silicosis, the signal pathway of interleukin-1β production, and the relationship between them.

OBJECTIVETo examine the effect of parents' occupational and life exposure during six months before pregnancy on executive function of preschool children.

METHODSPregnant women involved in the study came from the Ma'anshan Birth Cohort Study,a part of the China-Anhui Birth Cohort Study. Between October 2008 and October 2010, pregnant women who accepted pregnancy care in four municipal medical and health institutions in Ma'anshan city were recruited as study objects. A total of 5,084 pregnant women and 4,669 singleton live births entered in this cohort. Between April 2014 and April 2015, a total of 3,803 pre-school children were followed up. Finally, except 32 preschool children did not have EF evaluation result, there were 3,771 children included in this study. By using self-designed " Maternal health handbook", we researched parents' general demographic characteristics, and life and occupational exposure during six months before pregnancy. To research preschool children's executive function, we used the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool Version (BRIEF-P). Univariate and multivariate statistical method was used to analyze the association of parents' life and occupational exposure during six months before pregnancy and preschool children's EF.

RESULTS3,771 preschool children's detected rate of inhibitory self-control index (ISCI), flexibility index (FI), emergent metacognition index (EMI) and global executive composite (GEC) dysplasia were 4.8% (182), 2.3% (88), 16.5% (623) and 8.6% (324) respectively. During six months before pregnancy, children whose parents were lived in a noise environment (OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.36-2.54), whose maternal were exposed to pesticides were the risk of ISCI dysplasia(OR=3.60, 95% CI: 1.45-8.95). During six months before pregnancy, children whose maternal were exposed to pesticides (OR=6.72, 95% CI: 2.50-18.07) and whose father were exposed to occupational lead (OR=2.10, 95% CI: 1.25-3.54) were the risk of FI dysplasia. During six months before pregnancy, children whose parents were lived in a noise environment (OR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.18-1.71) and whose father were exposed to occupational lead (OR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.02-1.65) were the risk of EMI dysplasia. During six months before pregnancy, children whose parents were lived in a noise environment (OR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.24-2.01) and whose maternal were exposed to pesticides (OR=2.39, 95% CI: 1.02-5.58) were the risk of GEC dysplasia.

CONCLUSIONThe development of executive function is worse among preschool children whose parents live in noise environment, mother exposed to pesticides, and father exposed to occupational lead during six months before pregnancy.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Cohort Studies ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Executive Function ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Humans ; Lead ; adverse effects ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Parents ; Pesticides ; adverse effects ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; epidemiology ; psychology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the related influencing factors of preschool children's emotional and behavioral problems in early life and explore the associations between the symptoms of depression or anxiety during pregnancy and emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children.

METHODSBased on the Ma'anshan Birth Cohort Study of the China-Anhui Birth Cohort Study (C-ABCS), women were recruited at their first clinical visit between October 2008 and October 2010 in four municipal medical and health institutions of Ma'anshan City, a total of 5 084 pregnant women and 4 669 singletons live births were included in the birth cohort. Women completed measures of depressive (Self-Rating Anxiety scale) and anxious (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression) symptoms in pregnancy. By the age of 3-6 follow-up, 3 653 children were followed with completed information between April 2014 and April 2015, strengths and difficulties questionnaires were used to assessed offspring emotional and behavioral problems. Logistics regression was used to investigate the relationship between the symptoms of depression or anxiety during pregnancy and emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children.

RESULTSThe detected rates of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity and peer problems in preschool children were 6.3% (229/3 653), 7.5% (274/3 653), 7.6% (278/3 653) and 2.8% (103/3 653), while 7.6% (277/3 653) for total difficulties, 10.9%(398/3 653) for prosocial behavior and 27.4%(981/3 557) for impact respectively. Prevalence of anxiety and depression in the first trimester was 2.7%(100/3 653) and 4.7%(171/3 653) respectively, and in the second trimester was 2.0%(66/3 375) and 3.6%(122/3 375) respectively. After we controlled the confoundings of gestation age, place of residence, family income, maternal education, paternal education, premature birth and folic acid supplement before pregnancy, multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of children's emotional symptoms in maternal anxiety in both first-trimester and second-trimester group was higher than the group of no depression and anxiety symptoms, and OR(95%CI) was 5.90(2.00-17.48). Compared with whose mother no depression in both first-trimester and second-trimester, the risk of children's emotional symptoms in maternal depression in both first-trimester and second-trimester group was higher, and OR(95% CI) was 3.07 (1.30-7.28). And the risk of children's total difficulties of maternal anxiety in second-trimester was 2.27 (95%CI: 1.10-4.71) times of no anxiety in second-trimester. While the risk of children's total difficulties of maternal depression in second-trimester was 2.20 (95%CI: 1.24-3.93) times of no depression in second-trimester. Maternal emotional symptoms were not significant associations with conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer problems and prosocial behaviors (P> 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere was a negative impact of maternal anxiety and depression symptoms during pregnancy on emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children. These findings highlight the need for additional clinical and research attention to both maternal depression and anxiety in pregnancy, which may be helpful to reduce the incidence of children's emotional and behavioral problems and act as an important measure in prevention.

Anxiety ; epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Cohort Studies ; Depression ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mothers ; psychology ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence ; Problem Behavior ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo examine the effect of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with childhood overweight and adiposity, and to explore possible early life risk factors for obesity in preschool children.

METHODSBasic information of pregnant women and gestation period came from the Ma'anshan Birth Cohort Study, a part of the China-Anhui Birth Cohort Study (C-ABCS). Pregnant women in routine health care from four municipal medical and health institutions were enrolled voluntarily during October 2008 and October 2010 in Ma'anshan City. A total of 5 084 pregnant women and 4 669 singleton live births were included in this study. Between April 2014 and April 2015, 3 797 children were followed up. Children whose BMI were >85th percentiles for age and genders of World Health Organization (WHO) reference were considered as overweight, and >95th percentiles for age and genders cut-off values were considered as obesity (pathological and secondary causes of obesity were excluded). Gestational weight gain was defined according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines. Univariate and binary regression model analysis was used to examine the effect of pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG with childhood overweight and adiposity.

RESULTSOf the 3 797 pregnant women, the prevalence of underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity were respectively 22.6% (n=858), 70.3% (n=2 671), 6.2% (n=234) and 0.9% (n=34). There were 3 563 pregnant women who were obtained gestational weight gain data, the prevalence of inadequate GWG, appropriate GWG, excessive GWG were respectively 12.4% (n=443), 25.9% (n=922) and 61.7% (n=2 198). The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 11.5% (n=437) and 10.8% (n= 411) in preschool children, respectively. After adjusting confounding factors including age at delivery, genders of children, children age, birth weight, breastfeeding and household economic status, binary logistic regression analysis showed that pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity(OR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.53-2.65), excessive GWG(OR=1.65, 95% CI: 1.35-2.03) were risk factors for overweight and obesity, and pre-pregnancy underweight was protective factor for childhood overweight and obesity (OR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.39-0.62). Joint associations of pre-pregnancy BMI and inappropriate GWG were also noticed in the study: compared to only pre-pregnancy higher BMI or excessive GWG or indequate GWG, combination of high pre-pregnancy BMI and excessive GWG or high pre-pregnancy BMI and inadequate GWG, adverse effects on childhood overweight and obesity were much higher,OR (95%CI) values were 2.90(1.97-4.28), 3.17(1.44-6.97) respectively.

CONCLUSIONBoth high pre-pregnancy BMI and inappropriate GWG are associated with greater offspring BMI. Pregnant women should achieve appropriate weight gain and help prevent obesity in their children.

Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Overweight ; epidemiology ; Pediatric Obesity ; epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence ; Regression Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Weight Gain

OBJECTIVETo analyze the associations between pregnancy-related anxiety and the prevalence of subthreshold autism trait (SAT) in preschool children.

METHODSBaseline data came from the Ma'anshan Birth Cohort Study, a part of the China-Anhui Birth Cohort Study (C-ABCS). All the participants were enrolled among pregnant women who received prenatal health care in 4 municipal medical centers during Oct. 2008 to Oct. 2010. A total of 5 084 pregnant women were recruited at the beginning and 4 669 singleton live births were included until childbirth. The situation about pregnancy-specific anxiety during trimester and third trimester of women were evaluated by Pregnancy-specific Anxiety Questionnaire (PAQ). Between April 2014 and April 2015, the cohort was followed up again, and the Clancy Autism Behavior Scale (CABRS) filled out by parents was used for telling the SAT children from the healthy children among 3 663 preschool children. Univariate and binary regression model was used to estimate associations between the pregnancy-related anxiety during trimester and third trimester and the subthreshold autism trait in children.

RESULTSDuring the pregnancy, the detected rates of women with pregnancy-specific anxiety in trimester and the third trimester were 25.5%(935/3 663), 13.9%(501/3 592) respectively, and the detected rate of maternal pregnancy-specific anxiety in both periods was 7.7%(278/3 592). There were 290 positive children with SAT and the detection rate was 7.9%. After controlling possible confounding factors including children's genders, place of residence, supplement folic acid during pregnancy, preterm birth, exposure to second-hand smoke during pregnancy, the father (mother) cultural levels, the father (mother) nature of work and family income, the results of multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that maternal pregnancy-specific anxiety in trimester was the risk factor for SAT in preschool children (OR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.11-2.04), and there was no association between maternal pregnancy-specific anxiety in the third trimester and SAT in preschool children (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 0.82-2.22). Compared with the single function of maternal pregnancy-specific anxiety in trimester or the third trimester for SAT in preschool children, maternal pregnancy-specific anxiety in both periods presented a joint action that increasing the risk for SAT (OR=2.02, 95% CI: 1.36-2.98).

CONCLUSIONMaternal pregnancy-related anxiety was a risk factor for subthreshold autism trait in preschooler children. Pregnant women should try to keep a good mental state to create a good environment for fetal growth.

Anxiety ; epidemiology ; Autistic Disorder ; epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Cohort Studies ; Dietary Supplements ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; psychology ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; psychology

Objective To identify the dietary patterns among preschoolers in Ma'anshan,and to investigate its association with the education levels of the parents.Methods A total of 16 439 children aged 3-6 were recruited from 91 kindergartens in Ma'anshan city to participate in the study.Food frequency and socio-demographic information were collected through questionnaire survey.Dietary data was collected using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ),and principal-components analysis was used to derive the dietary patterns.Ordinal multinomial logistic regression was employed to explore the association between the education level of parents and the dietary patterns.Results Five dietary patterns-"processed","beverage","snack","protein" and "vegetarian" were identified.Data showed that the total variance was 48.02％ and the cumulative proportion of processed reached 24.78％.Low educational level of the father was positively associated with both "beverage"(OR=1.36,95％CI:1.15-1.63) and "snack" dietary pattern (OR=1.21,95％CI:1.01-1.43).Low educational level of mother was positively associated with the "processed" (OR =1.31,95％CI:1.09-1.57) and "beverage"dietary pattern (OR=1.48,95％CI:1.23-1.77),and showed a negative correlation with "protein" (OR=0.62,95％ CI:0.52-0.74) and "vegetarian" dietary pattern (OR=0.72,95％ CI:0.60-0.86).Conclusion Findings from this study showed that preschoolers in Ma'anshan tend to choose unhealthy dietary pattern.Dietary pattern was directly influenced by the parents,and especially the education level of the mothers.

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics and relevant factors on the comorbidity of hyperactivity behavior and allergic disease among preschool children in urban areas of Ma'anshan city. Methods: During April 2014 to April 2015, 91 kindergartens over 3 years old were investigated. In the investigation, 16 439 questionnaires were distributed to parents, and 15 291 valid questionnaires were collected. Conners abbreviated symptom questionnaire (brief symptom questionnaire) was filled out by parents to assess the children's hyperactive behaviors. Information of allergic disease history was reported by parents, including allergic dermatitis/eczema, food/drug allergy, allergic rhinitis and asthma. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the relevant factors of comorbidity of hyperactivity behavior and allergy diseases. Results: The average age of the 15 291 children were (4.5±1.0) years old, among which 53.7% (8 218/15 291) were boys. The prevalence of hyperactive behaviors was 8.6%(1 317/15 291), and the comorbidity rate of hyperactivity and allergic deseases was 1.7% (258/15 291). After confounding factors including gender, age, delivery mode, father's age and pregnancy complications adjusted, poor sleep quality (OR=4.45, 95%CI: 2.85-6.94), long duration of watching TV at weekend (OR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.00-1.94) and poor eating behavior (OR=1.78, 95%CI: 1.07-2.98) were relevant factors of the comorbidity of hyperactivity and allergic diseases. Conclusion The prevalence of comorbidity of hyperactivity behavior and allergic disease among preschool children in urban areas of Ma'anshan city was not high. Poor night sleep quality, long duration of watching TV and frequently picky eating were relevant factors of the comorbidity of hyperactive behaviors and allergic diseases.

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of circular RNA (cirRNA) on the radiosensitivity of rectal cancer.Methods:The differential circRNAs in radiosensitive and radioresistant rectal cancer tissues (biopsy tissue before radiotherapy and chemotherapy) were detected by gene sequencing, and the effect of circRNAs on the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells was further confirmed in vitro. Results:Through gene sequencing of rectal cancer tissue samples, 64 circRNAs were found to be highly expressed in radiosensitive rectal cancer tissues, and 36 circRNAs were lowly expressed in radiosensitive tissues. Ten differential circRNAs were selected and verified by qRT-PCR, and it was found that circATL2 was highly expressed in radiosensitive rectal cancer tissues. In vitro cell experiment indicated that up-regulation of circATL2 expression could significantly improve the radiosensitivity of rectal cancer. Subsequently, 8 miRNAs lowly expressed in radiosensitive rectal cancer tissues were analyzed. The direct binding relationship between miR-205 and circATL2 was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. The rescue experiment confirmed that circATL2 in rectal cancer regulated the radiosensitivity of rectal cancer through miR-205. Conclusion:circATL2 regulates the radiosensitivity of rectal cancer by binding to miR-205.

Objective:To explore the influence of patient participation-based dietary intervention on nutritional status for patients with severe burn.Methods:From September 2017 to January 2019, 60 severe burn patients hospitalized in the department of burn and plastic surgery of Qingdao Municipal Hospital were recruited and divided into the experimental group ( n=30) and the control group ( n=30) according to the random number table method. The control group received a regular diet. While the experimental group received a patient participation-based dietary intervention(PPDI), The wound healing time and the value of nutritional status index, such as height, body mass index(BMI), serum albumin, serum prealbumin, in the two groups on admission, at 2 weeks after intervention, 4 weeks after intervention were compared. The nutritional knowledge questionnaire of burn patients and "3-day diet diary" were used for investigation. Results:The score of nutritional knowledge showed no significant difference between the two groups before intervention. After intervention, the score of nutritional knowledge in the experimental group was 21.40±2.42, significantly higher than that in the control group (19.00±2.26) ( t value was 3.975, P<0.01). For time effect and between-group effect, there were significant difference in serum albumin between two groups ( F values were 9.232, 4.651, P<0.05); the time effect and between-group effect of serum prealbumin were statistically significant ( F values were 11.592, 6.228, P < 0.05). The wound healing time in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( t value was -3.801, P<0.01). Conclusions:Patient participation-based dietary intervention can effectively enhanced the level of nutritional knowledge, improved nutritional status, shortened wound healing time among patients with severe burn.

Objective:To establish and validate the prediction model for bone marrow metastasis (BMM) in malignant tumors by screening out laboratory multiparameters.Methods:This case-control study collected 444 cases of malignant tumor patients who were hospitalized in the First Hospital of Jilin University from March 2018 to March 2024, including 243 cases for model establishment set and 201 cases for model validation set. The model establishment set was divided into BMM positive group (81 cases) and BMM negative group (162 cases), and the model validation set was divided into positive group (67 cases) and a negative group (134 cases). We collected patients′ clinical information such as gender, age, clinical diagnosis, and results of 47 laboratory tests including routine blood analysis, coagulation, liver function, tumor markers, potassium, sodium, chloride, and calcium ion tests, bone marrow morphology, and bone marrow biopsy. BMM was taken as the outcome event, differencial variables were analyzed using inter group comparisons, the correlation among parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis, the risk factors for BMM were analyzed using multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis, to establish logistic model, followed by efficiency evaluation on BMM predictive model using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results:In the model establishment set, Pearson correlation analysis of 28 parameters that differed between the BMM positive and negative groups revealed that the correlation coefficients of 17 parameters, including mean platelet volume (MPV), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB), and prothrombin time (PT), were no more than 0.6 ( P<0.05). Further multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis demonstrated that MPV, HGB, HCT, PT, red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet count (PLT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), chloride (Cl -), and mean erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were the risk factors of BMM occurence in malignancy [MPV ( OR=9.929, 95% CI 2.688-71.335), HCT ( OR=8.232, 95% CI 6.223-9.841), HGB ( OR=4.300, 95% CI 1.947-16.577), PT ( OR=3.738, 95% CI 1.359-11.666), RDW ( OR=1.995, 95% CI 1.275-3.807), ALP ( OR=1.025, 95% CI 1.012-1.045), PLT ( OR=1.014, 95% CI 1.002-1.031), MCHC ( OR=0.724, 95% CI 0.523-0.880) and Cl -( OR=0.703, 95% CI 0.472-0.967)]. In the model establishment set, combiation of risk factors provided an AUC of 0.943 (95% CI 0.898-0.987, P<0.001), a sensitivity of 86.3%, and a specificity of 89.2% for BMM prediction. In the model validation set, the AUC was 0.924 (95% CI 0.854-0.960, P<0.001), with a sensitivity and specificity of 86.7% and 83.8%, respectively. Conclusion:This study built and validated a multiple-parameter model for BMM, which may facilitate the timely detection of BMM and provide reference for decision making of bone marrow aspiration.