Coloring Agents ; Diagnostic Uses of Chemicals ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Esophagoscopy ; Esophagus ; pathology ; Humans ; Iodine

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and perinatal outcomes of twin pregnancies with complete placenta previa (CPP).Methods:We conducted a retrospective study on 266 women with CPP, including 62 twin pregnancies (twins group) and 204 singleton pregnancies (singleton group), who gave birth in Peking University Third Hospital from January 2012 to December 2020. T-test, nonparametric test and Chi-square test were adopted for univariate analysis. Differences between the two groups regarding clinical features and perinatal outcomes were compared using multivariate logistic regression or multivariate linear regression. Results:The incidence of twin pregnancy with CPP was 2.11% (62/2 937). Placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PAS) accounted for 48.4% (30/62) and 53.9% (110/204) in the twin and singleton group, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant ( χ 2=0.58, P>0.05). In terms of antepartum hemorrhage, the proportion of women affected, those with first onset <29 weeks, amount of bleeding ≥200 ml, and the number of episodes of bleeding ≥3 were significantly higher in the twin group than those in the singletons [56.5% (35/62) vs 39.7% (81/204); 35.5% (22/62) vs 12.7% (26/204); 17.7% (11/62) vs 4.9% (10/204); and 21.0% (13/62) vs 10.3% (21/204), χ 2=5.42, 16.62, 10.78, and 4.86, respectively, all P<0.05]. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the singleton group, the twin group was at higher risk of antepartum hemorrhage volume >200 ml, the number of antepartum hemorrhage episodes ≥3, preterm delivery before 34 weeks and 32 weeks, emergency cesarean section, and emergency cesarean section caused by antepartum hemorrhage [a OR(95% CI)=4.36(1.17-16.30), 3.15(1.01-9.79), 17.24(5.36-55.46), 9.85(2.32-41.77), 3.98(1.72-9.20), and 3.10(1.22-7.85), respectively, all P<0.05]. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the gestational week at the emergency cesarean section in the twins group was about 2.22 weeks (0.17-4.27 weeks) earlier than that in the singletons. The postpartum hemorrhage amount and the risk of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section, infusion of red blood cells, and hysterectomy did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusions:Compared with singleton pregnancies, the proportion of preterm delivery, cesarean sections, especially those caused by antepartum hemorrhage, is significantly higher among twin pregnancies combined with CPP. Accordingly, preterm delivery should be actively prevented, and the timing of cesarean section should be individualized according to the condition of the mothers and babies, and early delivery may be considered.

Objective:To study the effect of total flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae on learning and memory impairment mice induced by sodium nitrite. Methods:75 mice were divided into blank group, model group, Kangnaoshuai capsule group, Rhizoma Drynariae total flavonoids group and Rhizoma Drynariae total flavonoids+inhibitor group according to the random number table method, with 15 mice in each group. The Kangnaoshui Capsule group was administered with Kangnaoshui Capsule 585 mg/kg, the Rhizoma Drynariae total flavonoids group was administered with the Rhizoma Drynariae total flavonoids 97.5 mg/kg, the Rhizoma Drynariae total flavonoids group and the inhibitor group were administered with the Rhizoma Drynariae total flavonoids by intragastric administration 97.5 mg/kg, and intraperitoneal injection of 0.072 mg/kg ICI182780 for 21 days, once a day. The model was established on the 22nd day. Except for the blank group, the other mice were injected with sodium nitrite intraperitoneally to replicate the mice model with impaired learning and memory capability. The learning and memory capabilit of mice were detected with water maze method, and the estrogen receptor in hippocampus was detected by immunohistochemistry β (estrogen receptor β, ERβ). The expression of ERβ in hippocampus and the expression of phosphorylated P38 (P-P38) and the protein contents of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated death promoter (Bad) and Caspase-3 in the apoptotic system was detected by Western blot. The kit was used to detect MDA,SOD and NO protein content in hippocampus. Results:The latency of Rhizoma Drynariae total flavonoids group was significantly shorter than the model group, the number of crossing platform and the residence time in the target quadrant were significantly increased ( P<0.01); The expression of ERβ Protein in mice hippocampus (0.371 ± 0.010 vs. 0.124 ± 0.009), Bcl-2 protein (1.146 ± 0.028 vs. 0.726 ± 0.016) and the contents of SOD [(153.657 ± 6.385) U/mg vs. (67.719±5.845) U/mg] increased significantly ( P<0.01); The expression of P-P38/P38 protein (0.412 ± 0.043 vs.0.806 ± 0.069), Bad protein (0.421 ± 0.010 vs.0.633 ± 0.010), Caspase-3 protein (0.923 ± 0.042 vs.1.437 ± 0.033), and the content of MDA [(8.669 ± 0.662) nmol/mg vs. (11.772 ± 1.054) nmol/mg] and NO [(4.259 ± 0.225) nmol/mg vs. (10.805 ± 0.415) nmol/mg] decreased significantly ( P<0.01). In addition, ER blocker can antagonize the above recovery and improvement effects of Rhizoma Drynariae total flavonoids group. Conclusion:Rhizoma Drynariae total flavonoids can regulate memory impairment, inhibit neuronal apoptosis and reduce oxidative stress in sodium nitrite model mice through ER-P38/MAPK signal pathway.

Objective:To analyze the serum lipid levels, and its influencing factors, of male residents around an uranium mine in order to provide a scientific basis for health risk assessment for such residents.Methods:With such a mine as the center, the surveyed subjects were divided into four groups as within 5, 10, 15 and 20 km of this mine, respectively. These male residents living around the mine were randomly selected as subjects. A health questionnaire survey was conducted among the subjects. The indicator such as height, weight and blood pressure were measured by means of the standard method. Peripheral venous blood was extracted from the subjects, and their venous blood glucose and serum lipid were detected. The levels of serum lipid and detectable rates of abnormal serum lipid were analyzed by using univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of dyslipidemia.Results:A total of 867 males at age 40 to 69 was included in the vicinity of the mine. The mean levels ( ± s) of TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C were (5.46±1.11), (1.92±1.64), (3.19±1.02), and (1.39±0.43) mmol/L, respectively. 384 subjects with dyslipidemia were totally detected in the residents, and the detection rate was 44.29% (384/867). Of the residents with dyslipidemia, the majority was abnormal in two lipid related indexes (45.57%, 175/384). Univariate analysis result showed that there was statistically significant difference in TG level in different distance groups ( F=3.34, P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the abnormal detection rates of TG and HDL-C in subjects in different distance groups ( χ2=9.52, 10.18, P<0.05). The detection rates of dyslipidemia were significantly different in the groups of BMI, blood pressure and blood glucose ( χ2=45.91, 32.31, 11.42, P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that excluding marital status and degree of education, the BMI, blood pressure and blood glucose all had an impact on dyslipidemia. The residents with overweight ( OR=2.08, 95% CI: 1.52-2.86) and obeseness ( OR=2.88, 95% CI: 1.58-5.24) had a higher risk for dyslipidemia than those with normal weight. The risks for dyslipidemia in the residents with hypertension ( OR=1.94, 95% CI: 1.45-2.60) and hyperglycemia ( OR= 2.17, 95% CI: 1.27-3.69) were higher than those with normal blood pressure and blood glucose, respectively. Conclusions:The detection rate of dyslipidemia is higher in male residents around the mine. The BMI, alcohol consumption, blood pressure, blood glucose and distance from the mine are influencing dyslipidemia and other relevant indexes. Overweight is an independent risk factor for dyslipidemia and its components. The distances from uranium mine has no significant effect on the dyslipidemia of male residents.

Xylulose as a metabolic intermediate is the precursor of rare sugars, and its unique pattern of biological activity plays an important role in the fields of food, health, medicine and so on. The aim of this study was to design a new pathway for xylulose synthesis from formaldehyde, which is one of the most simple and basic organic substrate. The pathway was comprised of 3 steps: (1) formaldehyde was converted to glycolaldehyde by benzoylformate decarboxylase mutant BFD-M3 (from Pseudomonas putida); (2) formaldehyde and glycolaldehyde were converted to dihydroxyacetone by BFD-M3 as well; (3) glycolaldehyde and dihydroxyacetone were converted to xylulose by transaldolase mutant TalB-F178Y (from Escherichia coli). By adding formaldehyde (5 g/L), BFD-M3 and TalB-F178Y in one pot, xylulose was produced at a conversion rate of 0.4%. Through optimizing the concentration of formaldehyde, the conversion rate of xylulose was increased to 4.6% (20 g/L formaldehyde), which is 11.5 folds higher than the initial value. In order to further improve the xylulose conversion rate, we employed Scaffold Self-Assembly technique to co-immobilize BFD-M3 and TalB-F178Y. Finally, the xylulose conversion rate reached 14.02%. This study provides a new scheme for the biosynthesis of rare sugars.

It is of great significance to use biosynthesis to transform the inorganic substance formaldehyde into organic sugars. Most important in this process was to find a suitable catalyst combination to achieve the dimerization of formaldehyde. In a recent report, an engineered glycolaldehyde synthase was reported to catalyze this reaction. It could be combined with engineered D-fructose-6-phosphate aldolase, a "one-pot enzyme" method, to synthesize L-xylose using formaldehyde and the conversion rate could reach up to 64%. This process also provides a reference for the synthesis of other sugars. With the increasing consumption of non-renewable resources, it was of great significance to convert formaldehyde into sugar by biosynthesis.
Biocatalysis ; Formaldehyde ; chemistry ; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase ; metabolism ; Xylose ; chemical synthesis