BACKGROUND: Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are pluripotent cells which may differentiate into tissues of all three germ layers. Such research as the feeder-free growth of hESCs is few in China. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is a major factor to maintain the undifferentiated state of hESCs.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ability of FGF at different concentrations in maintaining the undifferentiated state and pluripotency of hESC lines in the long-term culture.METHODS: Two cell lines of hES-8 and hES-18 were cultured with mouse embryonic fibroblast condition medium for 3 passages and then transferred into mouse embryonic fibroblast condition medium containing different concentrations of FGF: 100, 160, 250 μg/L for 8 passages. The hESCs were removed from the petri dish, cell clusters were digested with collagenase IV and gathered. Cell differentiation and pluripotency were observed. The eighth generation of the hESCs were collected and incubated into severe combined immunodeficiency mice, so as to observe teratoma formation. Morphologies of the cells were evaluated. Alkaline phosphatase staining, surface labeling immunocytochemical analysis and RT-PCR assay method were utilized to determine the OCT-4 expression and tumorigenesis in vivo.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cultured in mouse embryonic fibroblast condition medium containing 160 and 250 μg/L FGF, two cell lines of hESC could maintain undifferentiated state: Clones were round with a high ratio of nucleus to cytoplasm. Large areas in the center of clones were undifferentiated cells, while surrounding the clones were differentiated cells; Strong positive expression for alkaline phosphatase staining was observed; Two cell lines showed high levels of OCT-4 transcription factor protein; The surface markers SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81 were all positive on both two lines; The hESC clusters could form embryoid body in vivo 10 days later; 3 germ layers of teratomas were also obtained after implanted into severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Mouse embryonic fibroblast condition medium containing 100 μg/L FGF was not sufficient to maintain the long-term proliferation of hESCs, and most of the cells differentiated and died after 4 passages. Alone with concentration 160 μg/LbFGF or more could maintain two hESC lines undifferentiated stably in vitro, has no influence on the differentiation and totipotency of two cell lines.

In the patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection who underwent hemodialysis, the viral load of HBV DNA is relatively low and stable.For this phenomenon, some studies suggest that hemodialysis can reduce the HBV DNA load.The mechanism, which remains unclear, may be as follows: when HBV DNA enters the dialysate through the dialysis membrane, it was adsorbed onto the dialysis membrane;some virus particles were destroyed, and antiviral substances were produced in the course of hemodialysis.At present, there is no consensus on the mechanism responsible for the influence of maintained hemodialysis on the viral load of HBV DNA.This article reviews the factors involved in the influence of maintained hemodialysis on the viral load in ESRD patients with HBV infection and the recent progress.

Objective To profile the types of bacteria in bile culture and study their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in patients with varying de-grees of acute cholangitis and to provide data guidance for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infection.Methods The clinical data of 230 patients with acute cholangitis who were admitted to our hospital from April 2010 to April 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Classifica-tion of pathogenic bacteria and the antibiotic sensitivity test in bile cultures were performed using VITEK 2 Compact Biomerieux microbiologi-cal system.Results Within the 230 patients,172 tested positive for biliary bacteria,and the positive rate was 74.78%(172/230).There were 237 strains of pathogenic bacteria,including 135 strains of Gram-positive bacteria (56.96%),comprised mainly of Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus,96 strains of Gram-negative bacteria (40.5 1%),comprised mainly of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumonia,and 6 strains of fungi (2.53%),comprised mainly of yeast.Significant difference in the positive rate of bacteria was detected between patients with mild and severe cholangitis (χ2 =4.58,P =0.028).Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant i-solates in patients with mild and moderate acute cholangitis,while multiple bacterial infection was more common in patients with severe cholangitis.Biliary bacteria had a higher rate of susceptibility to vancomycin,imipenem,and amikacin compared with other antibiotics. Conclusion Gram-positive bacteria are the predominant pathogens in acute cholangitis.Early detection,immediate intervention,and ac-curate drug susceptibility test should be implemented at regular intervals to direct effective clinical therapy.

[Objective] To observe clinical therapeutic effect of combined acupuncture and acupoint thread implantation on insomnia. [Methods] The seventy two cases were randomly divided into a treatment group(37cases) and a control group(35cases).The treatment group were treated with acupuncture and acupoint thread implantation; The control group were treated with acupuncture alone. Acupuncture treatment was provided every other day,they were totally treated for 10 times;Acupoint thread implantation was provided one time every week,observe the clinicial therapeutic effect after 3 times of treatment. [Result] The effective rate on chloasma was 89.19%in the treatment group and 71.42%in the control group.The clinical effect in the treatment group was significant better than that in the control group(P<0.05). [Conclusion] Acupuncture combined with acupoint thread implantation shows a better therapeutic effect on insomnia.

BACKGROUND: In many parts of the body, muscle diastolic and contractive activities can promote the body's energy metabolism. Furthermore, the muscles also play an irreplaceable role in maintaining body posture and joint stability. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the rules of muscle function and aging changes, to search for research related to the trainability of old muscle function, and to provide references for muscular anti-aging research in field of sports medicine. METHODS: Taking senescence, aging, muscle function, exercise, training in English as the search terms, Pubmed database from January 2000 to May 2009 was retrieved; Taking aging, muscle function, training in Chinese as the search terms, CNKI database from January 2000 to May 2009 was searched. Literatures were limited to English and Chinese languages. Inclusive criteria: research closely related to the trainability of motor function and muscle metabolic function in the elderly; Exclusive criteria: obsolete and lack of credibility of the literature. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 67 literatures were screened out by computer, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 documents of which were involved in the analysis. Based on the recent research On muscle function, the muscle function can be summarized into three aspects: motor function, metabolic function and maintenance function. The elderly muscle aging is mainly showed in these 3 aspects. How to reconstruct these functions through resistance training? The concerning data were summarized in this paper, to verify the trainability of ageing's muscle motor and metabolism functions, but no study indicates that the maintenance function can be reconstructed, and deserves further studies of sports science.

Objective To analyze the handling measure in period of ambo-operation and postoperative care of patients with abdominal surgery in advanced age over 80 years. Methods A retrospective analysis of 102 integrity data of patients with abdominal surgery in advanced age over 80 years was done. Results 100 patients recovery and discharged. The incidence of postoperative complications was 55.9% (55/102). Postoperative death was oberserved in two patients. Conclusion In patients over 80 years old,handling measure in period of ambo-operation is very impor-tant. Degeneration of organ function and more comorbidities made operation more dangerous. A well preoperative prep-aration and postoperative care, an intensive treatment of comorbiditius, the prevention of apoplexia and reducing the chance of emergency operation, will make operation more effective.

[Objective]To investigate the expression and the clinical significance of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)in the serum and lung tissues of the patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).[Methods]Eighty-eight eligible inpatients were confirmed by pathology of lung tissues ,including 66 patients with NSCLC and 22 patients with benign lung lesions. ELISA was performed to measure serum concentration of MIF of these patients ,which was compared with 30 healthy individuals. Meanwhile,immunohistochemistry(IHC)was performed to examine the expression of MIF in the lung tissues of the two groups. MIF expression level was compared between two groups and among different subgroups of NSCLC. The correlationship between serum MIF level and high expression rate in lung tissues was also analyzed. All the data were analyzed by SPSS17.0.[Results]The serum concentration of MIF in NSCLC group was significantly higher than that in healthy control(14.79 ng/mL vs 10.69 ng/mL,P=0.001), and was slightly higher but not significantly different from benign lung lesions group(14.79 ng/mL vs 13.68 ng/mL,P=0.580). The comparison among subgroups of NSCLC showed that the serum MIF level was not only correlated with the histological grade and clini?cal stage of the cancer,but also correlated with the gender and smoking history of the host. Immunohistochemistry showed that the MIF high expression rate in the lung tissues of NSCLC was markedly higher than that of benign lung lesions group(30.3%vs 4.5%, P=0.014). Among the subgroups of NSCLC,IHC showed MIF high expression rate was correlated with the histopathologic types and clinical stage of the cancer. Simultaneously ,the serum MIF level showed a positive correlation with MIF expression rate in the lung tissues in all patients and NSCLC group(P<0.05).[Conclusion]MIF was strongly related to the clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC. It could be helpful for the diagnosis and clinical evaluation of NSCLC.

Objective:Previous genome-wide microarray analysis found TTCATTCT motif(DNA binding site of Runx1)in the RPL4 promoter of childhood leukemia cells,suggesting that Runx1 may regulate the expression of RPL4.This study is to investigate the relationship between Runx1 and RPL4 so as to better understand the effects of Runx1 on RPL4gene transcription,laying a foundation for further studying leukemogenesis of childhood leukemia.Methods:The luciferase plasmids containing RPL4 promoter and its mutant were constructed and were co-transfected into 293T cells with the expression plasmid of Runx1.The transactivity of RPL4 promoter was assayed by luminometer.Results:Runx1 significantly decreased the transcriptional activity of RPL4 promoter(P0.05).Conclusion:Runx1 can inhibit RPL4 gene transcription in a dose-dependent manner through binding to the TTCATTCT motif.

Objective To investigate the clinical and characteristic imaging findings of intracranial gliosarcoma. Methods The imaging findings of surgery and pathology proved intracranial gliosarcoma in 15 cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 10 males and 5 females, ranging in age from 44 to 67 years (mean age 58 years). Results All tumors were located in supratentorium, including 13 cases in the temporal or parietal lobe, 1 cases in the occipital lobe, and 1 cases in the thalamus. Tumors appeared as round or ellipse in shape. The lesions ranged in size from 3 to 9 cm (mean 4.6 cm). CT scan showed mingled hypo and isodensity in 7, hypodense in 4 with CT value from 18 to 22 HU, hyperdense in 4 with the CT value from 48 to 55 HU. Enhancement appeared as an irregular pattern. The margin was clear. Most intracranial gliosarcoma showed perifocal edema. MRI were examined in 6 cases, whichappeared as low signal on T 1WI, and as high signal on T 2WI. There was irregular enhancement of the mass. Conclusion It was difficult to make the correct preoperative diagnosis for gliosarcoma, but it was possible to make a tendency diagnosis using CT or MR combined with the history. Contrast enhanced CT and MRI should be useful in differentiating gliosarcoma from glioblastoma.

OBJECTIVE: Applying Chinese version of categories of auditory performance (CAP) to assess cochlear implant (CI) recipients of prelingual deaf and test the reliability of Chinese version of CAP. METHOD: Fifty CI recipients of prelingual deaf were interviewed by a parent and a speech therapist using Chinese version of CAP. Kappa coefficient analysis was applied to test the reliability of Chinese version of CAP. RESULT: Thirty-five of 50 cases (70%) were found completely coincident, 12 cases (24%) were one category different, 3 cases (6%) were 2 categories different. Kappa coefficient was 0.624. CONCLUSION Chinese version of CAP was found reliable and useful to evaluate auditory performance of prelingual deaf pediatric after cochlear implantation.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Deafness ; therapy ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Speech Perception ; Treatment Outcome