Objective To clone and express the valuable Clonorchis sinensis antigen molecules which can be applied to the diagnosis of clonorchiasis. Methods Based on the sequences (Genbank) No. AF271091 (CysA) and No.AF093242 (CysB), primers were designed to amplify the two C. sinensis cysteine proteinase genes and expressed in E.cloi. The expressed proteins were purified by affinity chromatography and then tested for their immunological characters.Results The two genes were successfully cloned and expressed. Western blot showed that CysB had strong reaction with clonorchiasis sera and very weak reaction with schistosomiasis sera, while CysA showed no reactivity with the probed sera. Immunohistochemistry showed that both proteins were mainly located in adult worm intestines and the intrauterine eggs.Conclusions The results suggested that, of the two expressed C. sinensis proteins, CysB had good antigenic reactivity against sera from patients. It is a potential candidate of diagnostic antigens for clonorchiasis.

ObjectiveThe aim is to understand the current situation of death literacy among Chinese residents in the Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Greater Bay Area and explore educational approaches to enhance the death literacy of the social public. MethodThe Death Literacy Index was conducted among 2，002 residents in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area， which included 29 items from four dimensions namely practice， experience， fact， and community. ResultsThe average score of death literacy among the respondents was moderate （6.70）， with scores for practical and experiential knowledge （7.32， 7.50） higher than those for factual and community knowledge （6.20， 6.10）. The weakest content included discussing bereavement with people who have just lost loved ones （5.07）， laws and regulations related to death at home （5.35）， and providing support for the terminal person and their families in the community. ConclusionThe death literacy of the Chinese residents in the Greater Bay Area was moderate， in which community knowledge was the weakest with a lack of concern and support for the terminal person and the caregivers. Therefore， community health promotion strategies were proposed to strengthen death education for the public and promote the death literacy of the residents.