Traditional Tibetan medicine nature theory was the core of Tibetan medicine. This study was aimed to understand the scientific values of Tibetan medicine correctly and catch its unique advantages accurately. The history origin, nature and taste, target, effect, the relationship between diseases and Tibetan medicine and other aspects of traditional Tibetan medicine nature theory were discussed in this paper. Several points were put forward, which included the research of Tibetan medicine nature theory was the premise to maintain and develop Tibetan medicine; it was necessary to carry out literature research, definite and improve the nature theory; the data mining technology and systems biology should be applied to the theory research to elucidate the rules and scientific connotation of Tibetan medicine nature; building the model of experimental study with clinical research to determine its clinical values forward during the development of Tibetan medicine nature theory research.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of aloe polysaccharide on experimental colitis mucosal. Methods The TNBS-induced experimental rat colitis model was successfully established and were treated by aloe polysaccharide, and enteric-coated tablets with sulfasalazine (SASP). Results DAI score, gross morphology score , histopathologic score and MPO in the model group were significantly higher than that in the normal group (P < 0.01), while those indicators were significantly lower after treatment (P < 0.01), IL-12 and IFN-γ mRNA and protein expressions in the model group were significantly higher than that in the normal group (P < 0.01), and IL-12 and IFN-γ expression levels in treatment group were significantly lower than that in the model group (P < 0.01), IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA and protein expression levels in the model group were significantly lower than that in the normal group (P < 0.01), and IL-4 and IL-13 expression in treatment group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P < 0.01). Conclusion Aloe polysaccharide on experimental colitis in rats has a good protective effect , of which mechanism may be reduced by IFN-γ and IL-12 levels, increased IL-4, IL-13 levels, and correct the imbalance of Thl/Th2.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) in the treatment of achalasia of cardia. Methods Clinical data of 27 cases who were diagnosed with achalasia of cardia recived POEM from May 2014 to March 2016 were collected retrospectively. The surgical results, before and after POEM, parameters measured by esophageal manometry and complications after POEM and during follow-up were analyzed. Results POEM were successful 100.0% in the 27 patients. There was 1 case of subcutaneous emphysema, 1 case of aeropleura symptoms were significantly improved in all patients who had successful POEM; parameters measured by esophageal manometry were also improved obviously (P < 0.05). Conclusion POEM has appreciable short-term effects in the treatment for achalasia of cardia, and it can be relieve dysphagia and other adverse symptoms in postoperation, but the long-term efficacy and complications need further follow-up observations.

Objective To detect the effect of ox‐LDL on self‐renewal and Oct‐4 express of MSCs in vitro .Methods MSCs cul‐tured in vitro were divided into 4 groups :blank control(no reagents in culture system ) ,ox‐LDL (1 ,5 ,10 ,20 μg/mL ox‐LDL were added into culture system) ,ox‐LDL+NAC(corresponding ox‐LDL were added into culture system after NAC treatment ) ,negative control(corresponding nLDL were added into culture system ) .Growth curve were drawn at different time ,Oct‐4 ,a stem cell special marker ,were detected by real‐time PCR ,the production of ROS (reactive oxygen species ,ROS) in culture system were measured with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy .Results proliferation of MSCs was inhibited by ox‐LDL ,when concentration of ox‐LDL was more than 5μg/mL ;apoptosis of MSCs appeared as well as attenuated expression of Bcl‐2 ,ox‐LDL generated a signifi‐cant amount of ROS in the culture system ,which was completely prevented by NAC .Conclusion The proliferation and Oct‐4 ex‐pression of MSCs were inhibited by ox‐LDL ,which may be related to increase of ROS in culture system .

Objective To investigate the value of electromagnetic field real-time system (EFRTS) in the distal locking of intramedullary nailing for humeral shaft fractures.Methods From April 2015 to January 2017,data of 32 consequent patients with humeral shaft fracture (22 males,10 females;ranged from 18 years to 78 years old,average of 40.4 years;9 domestic falls,15 traffic accidents,6 fall from height,and 2 sports injury;AO12 A1:9 cases;A2:14 cases;A3:4 cases;B2:5 cases) were retrospectively analyzed.All were treated with Humeral Antegrade Locking Nail.For inserting the two distal locking screws,the SURESHOT Distal Targeting System was used.Results Accurate placement of the distal screws was accomplished in all 32 cases,which meant one drilling and one screw locking.The mean duration of the two distal screw locking was 197±30 s (range,156-253 s) in the preparation phase and 393±39 s (range,336-481 s) in the operation phase.The mean follow-up period was 18 months,ranging from 11 to 25 months.All the fractures were healed in an average time of 15.9 weeks,ranging from 12 to 20 weeks.The range of motion was:80° to 180° in abduction (155° in average),80° to 180° in anteflexion (160° in average),60° to 100° in external rotation (80° in average),and 17 cases internal rotation to L3 level,10 to T12 level and 5 to T7 level.The mean score of ConstantMurley was 89,ranging from 74 to 96.All the patients obtained good results.27 patients restored self-care ability within 3 months after surgery.Shoulder discomfort occurred in 2 patients because of nail tail outside the articular surface.The symptom recovered after removal of the nail as well as joint release in arthroscopy.Conclusion The distal aiming device can be used in humeral intramedullary nailing,by which the distal screw can be inserted by one time.Meanwhile,it has the advantages of short time-consuming,secure operation,and no X-ray radiation.

OBJECTIVETo establish a method to determine the dissolution of Tanshinone IIA in xianling gubao capsules, and compare the dissolution of Xianling Gubao capsules prepared by different processes.

METHODThe small cup method was used at a rotary speed of 100 r x min(-1), the dissolubility was inspected in the following 6 mediums: (1) water; (2) 0.1 mol x L(-1) hydrochloric acid solution; (3) pH 6.8 phosphate buffer; (4) pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution + 0.5% cholic acid; (5) pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution + 1.0% cholic acid; (6) pH 7.6 phosphate buffer solution + 4. 0% cholic acid. A HPLC method was used to determine the dissolution samples of tanshione IIA in different dissolution mediums. The accumulative dissolution percentages were calculated, and the resemblance of release curves were compared by similarity factors (f2).

RESULTThe accumulative dissolution percentage was the highest while pH 7.6 phosphate buffer solution + 4.0% cholic acid was used as medium. The similarity factor values (f2) of tanshinone IIA dissolution curves of different preparation processes of Xianling Gubao capsules were all less than 50.

CONCLUSIONThere is significant difference in tanshinone IIA dissolution between Xianling Gubao capsules of different preparation processes. The accumulative dissolution percentages of the tanshinone IIA in new Xianling Gubao capsules is higher than that in the capsules prepared by other preparation processes.

Capsules ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Phenanthrenes ; chemistry ; Solubility

OBJECTIVETo study the dissolution characteristics of seven active components of Xianlinggubao capsules in vitro, and compare the dissolution of Xianlinggubao capsules prepared by different processes.

METHODThe dissolution of Xianlinggubao capsules was determined by small cup method with the rotating speed of 100 r x min(-1) and phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) as dissolution medium. The different dissolution rates in vitro of seven kinds of active components (icariin, epimedin C, asperosaponin VI, psoralen, isopsoralen, salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA) of Xianlinggubao capsules were investigated. The contents of active components were determined by HPLC. The accumulative dissolution percentages were calculated, and the resemblance of release curves were compared by similarity factors (f2).

RESULTThe results of determination showed that the similarity factor values (f2) of the dissolution curves of seven active components after different preparation processes were all less than 50.

CONCLUSIONThere is significant difference in dissolution of active components between Xianlinggubao capsules of different preparation processes. The accumulative dissolution percentages of the active components in new Xianlinggubao capsules are higher than that of Xianlinggubao capsules.

Capsules ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Solubility

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of intestinal absorption of icariin and epimedin C of Xianlinggubao capsules, and compare the absorption of Xianlinggubao capsules prepared by different processes.

METHODNon everted gut sac method was applied to investigate the influence of absorption sites and concentration on icariin and epimedin C, which were determined by HPLC.

RESULTThe absorption rate constants of epimedin C in duodenum were absolutely more than that in jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05). The absorption rate constants of icariin in jejunum were absolutely less than that in duodenum and ileum (P < 0.05). The absorption rate constants of epimedin C and icariin kept at the same level when the concentrations of drug solution were at high, middle and low level. The Ka of epimedin C at three levels were 0.040, 0.058, 0.061 h(-1) , respectively, and the Ka of icariin at three levels were 0.002, 0.007, 0.003 h(-1), respectively.

CONCLUSIONIntestinal absorption of icariin and epimedin C is not effected by concentrations. The absorption rate constants of icariin and epimedin C in new Xianlinggubao capsules are higher.

Animals ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of intestinal absorption of psoralen and isopsoralen of Xianlinggubao capsule, and compare the absorption of Xianlinggubao capsule prepared by different technologies.

METHODNon everted gut sac method was applied to investigate the influence of absorption sites and drug concentration on psoralen and isopsoralen absorption, which were determined by HPLC.

RESULTAlthough the absorption rate constants of psoralen and isopsoralen in duodenum were more than that in jejunum and ileum, there was no significance difference between them. The absorption rate constants of psoralen kept at the same level when the concentrations of drug solution were at middle and low level, while the absorption rate constant at high level was absolutely lower than them (P < 0.05). The results of isopsoralen were the same as psoralen's.

CONCLUSIONIntestinal absorption of psoralen and isopsoralen may be affected by the dissolution. The absorption rate constants of psoralen and isopsoralen in new Xianlinggubao capsules are higher. The absorptions of active components absorption has significant difference in different preparation processes of Xianlinggubao capsule.

Animals ; Capsules ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Compounding ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Duodenum ; metabolism ; Ficusin ; pharmacokinetics ; Furocoumarins ; pharmacokinetics ; Ileum ; metabolism ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Jejunum ; metabolism ; Rats