Objective: To study the effect of pulsed Nd:YAG laser irradiation combined with acidulated phosphate fluorid (APF) on the acid resistance of human dental enamel. Methods: Enamel samples were prepared from 192 caries-free extracted teeth. The smooth surface and pits and fissures were treated with 12 3 g/L APF for 4 minutes after 100,150 or 200 mJ pulsed Nd:YAG laser irradiation. Then the teeth were put into 12.3 g/L of artificial caries inducing solution (acid solution) for 1,5,10 or 24 h respectively. The control teeth were treated with APF only. The amount of calcium dissolved in the solution was determined with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer and the depth of artificial caries was measured with polarized microscope. Results: The amount of calcium dissolved in the acid solution was significantly less in the groups with laser treatment than that in those without laser treatment (P

Objective To explore the guidance value of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and serum procalcitonin(PCT)in the ventricular catheter indwelling time of intracranial pressure monitoring(ICP).Methods Fifty-eight cases patients with moderate and severe craniocerebral trauma who were given ICP ventricular catheter and external ventricular drainage(EVD)were selected,5 ml CSF and 2 ml venous blood were collected at operation,1st,7th,14th d after operation.The change of CSF and serum PCT and WBC levels were compared among different time,the correlation among each indicators and diagnosis value for intracranial infection were analyzed.Results The level of CSF and serum PCT and WBC increased with the lengthen of ventricular catheter indwelling time(CSF PCT:(0.09±0.02)μg/L of operation,(1.17±0.25)μg/L of 14 d after the operation;CSF WBC:(24.33±12.75)×106/L of operation,(431.52±140.26)×106/L of 14 d after the operation;serum PCT:(0.16±0.05)μg/L of operation,(4.57±1.41)μg/L of 14 d after the operation;serum WBC:(4.14±0.46)×106/L of operation,(14.24±3.05)×106/L of 14 d after the operation;P＜0.05).The CSF PCT was positively correlated with CSF WBC and serum PCT(r=0.614,0.711,P＜0.05).The diagnostic sensitivity of CSF and serum PCT for prognosis of intracranial infection were 95.2％,81.0％,the specificity were 94.6％,78.4％,the specificity of CSF PCT was significantly higher than that of serum PCT(P=0.041).Conclusion CSF and serum PCT has high early diagnosis value for intracranial infection in patients with ICP ventricular catheter,which can contribute to guide the reasonable timing of tube drawing,brings out the best of ICP and cerebrospinal fluid drainage,improve the level of treatment in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Objective:To construct double copy and x gene deleted HBV expression plasmid and study its expression in Hep3B cell line. Methods:The double copy HBV DNA ( adr Ⅰ) was used to inactivate HBV x gene by inserting mutation and gene recombination. The inserted 55 bp DNA sequence was synthesized artificially; the insertion point was ApaL Ⅰ of x gene area. After recombination, an x gene defected HBV plasmid containing single P, S and C gene was constructed,which can express in mammalian cell line. Another plasmid carrying double copy HBV DNA with normal x gene was constructed as contrast. Both were used to transfect Hep3B cells. Then the cells were screened by G418 and HBV virus in culture medium were isolated and detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results: Plasmids pcDNA3 KN F1F2 and pcDNA3 ES HBV2 were constructed successfully. After cell transfection, the HBV DNA was highly expressed with both plasmids on the 3 rd, 6 th,14th day. Conclusion: The plasmids constructed can express in Hep3B cell line and cause HBV replication; x gene defected HBV gene has no effect on HBV replication in Hep3B cell line.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of coaxial micro-incision phacoemulsification for intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) during cataract surgery.Methods A prospective randomized control study was conducted in 80 patients (80 eyes) taking tamsulosin more than two weeks with age-related cataract from October 2014 to October 2016.All cases were randomly divided into microincision group (MICS group) and standard incision group (SICS group),40 cases in each group.Coaxial 1.8 mm microincision cataract surgery was performed in the MICS group,and coaxial 2.6 mm standard incision cataract surgery was performed in the SICS group.The incidence and the degree of IFIS and complications were recorded during the operation.The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was compared at 1 day,1 week,1 month after surgery.Results At postoperative 1 day,1 week and 1 month,UCVA was 0.83 ± 0.12,0.86 ±0.10,0.89 ±0.11 in the MICS group,and was 0.71-±0.12,0.75 ±0.11,0.83 ±0.12 in the SICS group,there were statistical differences (all P ＜ 0.05),the UCVA of MICS group was better than that of SICS group.The incidence of IFIS was 60.0％ in the MICS group,and 82.5％ in the SICS group,there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was statistical difference on degree of IFIS between two groups (P ＜ 0.05),the degree of IFIS in the MICS group was lower than that in the SICS group.Conclusion The coaxial microincision phacoemuisification is a safe and effective surgery for the patients with cataract and high risk of IFIS.

Objective To screen the mutations of MYOC gene in a Chinese primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) family from Cbengqing and investigate the relationship between the mutations in MYOC/TIGR gene and POAG.Methods In a large 4-generation glaucoma family, myocilin gene (MYOC) was screened in 39 family members, 8 of which were confirmed patients. Normal controls included 100 normal Chinese subjects.The known mutations of MYOC gene ( including G34C, C136T, G144T, G227A, C624G,G736A, C1009G, A1036G, C1081T, G1099A, G1138A, A1139C, T1430A, C1441A and C1442T) were detected by single strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP) , po]ymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis and DNA sequencing.Results G227A mutation was detected in 2 POAG patients and 1 asymptomatic patient, but not in the controls.Cl009del mutation was identified in all patients of the pedigree and an offspring member but not in the controls. No other mutations were detected.Since the C1009del mutation was revealed for the first time, a new GenBank number FJ237047 correponding to ACI62293 was applied.Conclusions The G227A mutation is a known site and there is no relationship between G227A mutation and glaucoma. But C1009del may be related to glaucoma which suggests that morbidity could be higher in the relatives of POAG than the controls.

Through comparative study on Naotaifang containing serum and plasma proteomics (peptide), this article revealed differential proteins (peptides) in the Naotaifang. The characteristics of differential proteins were identified with mass spectrometry. It provides scientific evidences for the pharmacodynamic material basis and Chinese herbal medicine plasma pharmacological method development in the exploration of Naotaifang. A total of 20 healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, Naotaifang treatment group according to their weights. Ten rats in each group. Intragastric administration of medication was given for seven consecutive days. Before surgery, rats were fed with water but without food. One hour after the last drug administration, 10% chloral hydrate was injected for intraperitoneal anesthesia. Blood was taken through the common carotid artery. Serum and plasma samples were made after blood was taken from each rat. Serum and plasma samples of five rats were randomly selected from each group. And the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) technique was used in the comparative study of serum pro-teomics (peptide). The 300 DPI scanning and PDQuest 7.3.0 were used in the analysis. The ESI-MS/MS was used to identify important differences in proteins and screen characteristic serum and plasma protein. The results showed that 20 differential proteins of 5 plasma samples were identified. There were 15 types of proteins expressing up-regulation and 5 types expressing down-regulation. Comparative analysis on the 2-DE gel pictures of Naotaifang containing serum, 19 differential proteins of 5 plasma samples were identified, among which 15 types of proteins express up-regulation and 4 down-regulation. Comparative analysis on the 2-DE gel pictures of Naotaifang containing serum and Naotaifang containing plasma showed that 24 differential proteins of 5 plasma samples were identified, among which 9 types of proteins express up-regulation and 15 down-regulation. The highly expressed proteins were selected to MALDI-TOF-MS between Naotaifang containing serum and Naotaifang containing plasma. There were six successful-ly identified proteins, which were inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor, heavy chain 3, group-specific component, comple-ment factor B, Receptor Complexed with A Heterodimeric Fc, isoform CRA-d, Transferrin. It was concluded that protein with obvious changes in the Naotaifang containing serum and plasma may be related with fibrinolysis and an-ticoagulant. These proteins are involved in angiogenesis, inflammation and other pathological regulations of physiolog-ical processes. They are of great significance in the study of effective target and its signal transduction pathway of Naotaifang.

Objective:To explore the expression of abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated (ASPM) in liver cancer tissues and clarify its prognostic relationship with clinicopathological features of liver cancer after liver transplantation.Methods:Immunohistochemistry was employed for detecting the expression of ASPM in 72 liver cancer tissues and 36 adjacent tissues of liver cancer liver transplant recipients fulfilling the Hangzhou criterion. In conjunctions with clinicopathological data, the correlation between the expression level of ASPM in liver cancer tissues and the clinicopathological characteristics and the post-transplantation prognosis for liver cancer were statistically analyzed.Results:During a median follow-up period of 29 months, 20 patients relapsed and 8 died after transplantation. Immunohistochemical results indicated that the high-expression rates of ASPM were 58.3% and 25.0% in liver cancer and adjacent tissues ( P=0.001). The difference was statistically significant. The high-expression rate of ASPM was significantly higher in liver cancer tissues than that in adjacent tissues. The expression level of ASPM was not correlated with gender, age, smoking/alcoholic history, hepatitis history, preoperative level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), tumor size, tumor load or vascular tumor thrombus ( P>0.05). And the postoperative high-expression rates of ASPM were 51.0% and 76.2% in pathological differentiation type Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Ⅲ-Ⅳ groups ( P=0.049). The difference was statistically significant. The wrose pathological differentiation type of liver cancer, the higher expression level of ASPM in liver cancer tissue. In liver cancer tissues, the overall 1/3/5-year survival rates of ASPM high/low-expression group were 97.6%, 80.6%, 80.6% and 93.3%, 89.7% and 89.7% respectively ( P>0.05). There was no statistical significance. And 1/3/5-year long-term disease-free survival rates were 78.6%, 55.5%, 55.5% and 86.3%, 86.3% and 86.3% respectively ( P=0.036). The difference was statistically significant. The disease-free survival rate was lower in ASPM high-expression group and post-transplantation prognosis was worse. Conclusions:The expression of ASPM is significantly higher in liver cancer tissues than that in adjacent tissues. And the expression level of ASPM in liver cancer tissues is correlated with pathological differentiation types of liver cancer and has an impact on tumor-free survival of patients after liver transplantation for liver cancer.

Objective: To investigate the modification of the classic techniques of total auricle reconstruction with skin expansion, and its clinical application. Methods: We performed three-dimensional measurement of the normal auricle and the expanded flap on 150 microtia patients. According to the data, we carried out total auricle reconstruction using extended postauricle expanded flap techniques for 82 patients of the group. Firstly, a 50 ml kidney-shaped expander was inserted subcutaneously in the mastoid region. Approximately 65 ml saline was injected in about 30 days, and expansion was kept without injection for another 30 days. In the second stage, we removed the expander and dissected the scalp 4-5 cm around the expanded skin, to make a composite flap consisted of expanded skin and extend scalp. Then we used the flap to encapsulate the three-dimensional rib cartilage framework to accomplish total auricle reconstruction. Results: The blood supply and venous drainage of the flap was good. No obvious postoperative flap swelling was observed. Only 2 cases of helix skin necrosis happened in 48 hours after operation. Small area of skin defect was treated by debridement and suture, while larger area of skin defect was repaired with postauricular fascia flap and free skin graft. Postoperative follow-up period was 4-15 months, about 6.7 months in average. Bilateral ear size and position were similar with clear structures and shapes. Helix seemed more slim, auriculocephalic sulcus was obvious, auriculocephalic angle was similar to the other side. There was no color abberration between the front and back side of reconstructed ear. Scars of retroauricular hairline incision and costal cartilage harvesting incision were not obvious. Conclusions The novel surgical techniques is reasonable and simple without fascia flap or skin graft, which is worthy of application by more plastic surgeons.

Objective: To investigate the refractive status of children and adolescents aged 4-18 years in Chengdu, and to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of refractive parameters. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted among 82 024 children and adolescents aged 4-18 years in Gaoxin District of Chengdu from August to September 2021. The prevalence of screening myopia, low vision rate, high myopia rate, refractive status and axial development were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of screening myopia in students aged 4-18 years was 40.42%(33 158/82 024). Low myopia was 24.51%(20 108/82 024), moderate myopia was 13.05%(10 703/82 024) and high myopia was 2.86%(2 347/82 024). The prevalence of screening myopia was 1.81% (233/12 848) in kindergarten, 34.44%(17 095/49 644) in primary school, 79.73%(9 738/12 214) in junior high school and 83.25% (6 092/7 318) in senior high school. The rate of visual impairment increased by year from the age of 4, and the rate of myopia increased most rapidly from 6 to 15 years old, the prevalenct of high myopia was compared between adjacent age groups: there were statistical differences between 9-15 years old were more likely to be nearsighted than boys( P <0.035 7). Significant differences in screening myopia between 5- and 7-17 year old groups,and in boys and girls.The median total diopter was 0.40 D at the age of 4 and developed to -2.90 D at the age of 18 . The diopter of girls aged 8-15 years was higher than that of boys, and there was statistical significance( Z=-2.53, -4.09, -5.67, -8.64, -5.56, -4.97, -2.52, -2.14, P <0.05). The axial length gradually increased with age, with the mean value of (22.31±0.59) mm at 4 years old and (24.91±1.00) mm at 18 years old. The mean corneal curvature did not change with age (43.19±1.47)D. Conclusion 6-15 years old is a especially critical period for myopia development. More efforts need to be taken to decrease the prevalence of myopia before 6 years old. Prevention of the development of high myopia should start before the age of 10. The prevalence of myopia in girls is higher than that in boys, more prevention and control of myopia should focus on girls.

Objective:To explore the relationship between illness perceptions and disability, and the relative importance of association of illness perceptions items and disability in HIV-infected people aged ≥50 years in Sichuan Province.Methods:By using multi-stage cluster sampling, the baseline data of a cohort of HIV-infected people aged ≥50 years in 5 counties (district) in Sichuan were obtained from 2018 to 2021. The disability was evalauted with instrumental activities of daily living scale (IADL), and the illness perception was evaluated by using brief illness perception questionnaire. General additive model and general linear model were used to analyze the association between illness perceptions and IADL. Weighted sum quartile sum regression was used to find the dominant items on the association. Software R was used for statistical anlysis.Results:A total of 1 587 HIV-inbfected peoeple aged ≥50 years were included in this study. The prevalence of disability was 26.1% ( n=414). The median score of illness perception was 33. The illness perceptions had a negative effect on the IADL score ( β=-0.15, P<0.001) and the partial score of IADL declined when illness perception score was larger than 38 ( P<0.05). Personal control (32.98%) and consequence (22.50%) whose weight were higher than average (12.50%) were the dominant items on the association between the score of illness perception and IADL score. Conclusions:The prevalence of disability in HIV-infected people aged ≥50 years in Sichuan was high. It is necessary to intervent on personal control and consequence in HIV-infected people aged ≥50 years when their illness perception scores are high to prevent the incidence and development of disability.