microarteriole). Injury became more serious with the decrease of the temperature. In contrast to the erythrocytes, necrosis of other cells were rarely seen in 0℃ and — 10℃ groups, though degeneration existed. It is indicated that erythrocytes showed extreme sensitivity to cold. The morphological features of the crystal—like inclusion bodies are described also in the paper.

Neurohypophyses of six adult rats were observed under electron microscope toinvestigate the morphological features of pituicytes and their possible functionalsignificance.The results of morphological observation showed that the pituicytesmay be divided into 4 types,the two of which,astral pituicytes and ependymalpituicytes,obviously resemble to the neurogliocytes of central nervous system intheir morphological features.The third,dark pituicytes,was rich in mitochondria.Little was known about secretory pituicytes other than their presumable secretoryfunction suggested by the secretory granules present in their cytoplasm.The interstitial cisternae were the sites where the neurosecretory activities carriedon.The dilations of nerve fiber around the interstitial cisternae were rich in vesi-cles.It was substantiated that the pituicytes can participate in supporting andnourishing the nerve fibers,removing cell debris and may also serve a function oftransferring excitation,because of the presence of gap junction between pituicytes andynapselike contact between pituicyte and the nerve fiber.

Objective To discuss the role of interleukin (IL)-12 in capillary bronchiolitis disease.Methods Fifty-nine cases of capillary bronchiolitis children under 2 years old were enrolled as the bronchiolitis group Ⅰ(n =28) and bronchiolitis group Ⅱ(n =31),36 cases of children with bronchopneumonia of the same age and 31 cases of children suffered from non-infectious diseases such as hernia and renal calculus of the same age were enrolled as bronchopneumonia control group and normal control group respectively.The peripheral blood IL-12 levels of four groups were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The levels of the peripheral blood IL-12 in bronchiolitis group Ⅰ,bronchiolitis group Ⅱ,bronchopneumonia control group and normal control group were (34.72±7.96) pg/ml,(55.30 ±6.72) pg/ml,(56.79±10.36) pg/ml and (61.23 ± 11.51) pg/ml respectively.The level of the peripheral blood IL-12 in bronchiolitis group I was significantly lower than that in bronchiolitis group Ⅱ,bronchopneumonia control group and normal control group respectively (P ＜0.05),and the level of the peripheral blood IL-12 in bronchiolitis group ⅡⅡ was significantly lower than that in bronchopneumonia control group and normal control group respectively (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between bronchopneumonia control group and normal control group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The level of IL-12 is one of the important factors for bronchiolitis disease,the reducing of serum level of IL-12 in children who have a high risk factor of capillary bronchiolitis is more obvious.

AIM:To explore the potential correlation between the expression of phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN) and RIF in IgA nephropathy.METHODS:Forty-seven patients diagnosed as primary IgA nephropathy by renal histology were involved.10 specimens from normal renal tissue of renal carcinoma served as control group.Tubulointerstitial lesion(TIL) was classified by using Katafuchi scale,including no TIL(group I),mild TIL(group II),moderate TIL(group III),severe TIL(group IV).The expressions of PTEN,TGF-?1,?-SMA and ColⅢ in renal tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry.PTEN mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization.RESULTS:Renal tissues from renal biopsy showed abundant expressions of PTEN and PTEN mRNA in endochylema of renal tubular epithelial cells,and negligible expression in glomeruli.With the progress of TIF in IgA nephropathy,the expressions of PTEN and PTEN mRNA decreased gradually(P

Objective: To examine the microbial flora within the root canals with failed root canal therapy by PCR test, to identify detection rate of bacteria and the predominant bacteria species, and to determine the association of the various species with clinical features. Methods: Forty roots with failed root canal therapy were selected for this study. According to clinical features the roots were divided into three groups: pain, fistula and symptomless. After removal of the root filling material, the microbial samples were taken from the canal and detected by PCR test. Results: The microbial flora within root canals of teeth with failed root canal therapy was found to be mixed, six kinds of bacteria were detected. Enterococcus faecalis was the most commonly recovered bacteria species. Significant associations were observed between Prevotella nigrescens and pain, while dependablity was observed between Actinomyces israelii and fistula. Conclusion: The main cause of root canal treatment failure is the persistent microorganisms. The composition of bacteria in teeth with failed root canal therapy has its own specificity.

Objective: To study the contents of hyperoside in Semen Cuscutae,which grew in different host and different environment.Methods: Hyperoside was determined by HPLC.Results: The content of hyperoside is 0.28%-0.65% in the semen Cuscutae growing in different conditions in Shandong.The content is higher in semen of C.chinensis in Linyi,whose host is Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.The content of hyperoside is lower in semen of C.australia which grew in Humulus scandens(lour.) Merr.The content has no obvious difference between C.chinensis and C.australis.Conclusions: The content of hyperoside in semen Cuscutae has relation with the hosts.The content increased with the seed mature degree.

With light and electron microscope, we studied the morphology of the thymus of the neonatal mouse. The results showed: 1.the lobules of the thymus had not well developed and there was no distinct demarcation between the cortex and medulla; 2.a cyst composed of epithelial cells with microvilli or cilia might be frequently seen in the medulla; 3.occasionally small lymphocytes with some glycogen particles in their cytoplasm were observed; 4.only a few small-sized thymic corpusles existed in the medulla, The article also described the ultrastructure of the lymphocytes, epithelial reticular cells, macrophage, interdigitating cell and blood-thymus barrier in the thymus of the neonatal mouse.

Objective:To explore the validity of the effective arterial elastance (Ea) before and after fluid challenge in evaluating the fluid challenge in septic shock patients.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted in the medical intensive care unit (MICU) of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from October 2016 to October 2020. 116 septic shock patients were enrolled. All patients received fluid challenge by 500 mL Gelatin or normal saline under invasive hemodynamic monitoring. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO) and other hemodynamic variables were collected at 10 minutes before and immediately after fluid challenge. An increase in CO greater than 10% after fluid challenge was defined as the positive preload responsiveness, as well as the definition of positive pressure responsiveness was an increase in MAP greater than 10%. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC curves) were established to evaluate the predictive abilities of baseline Ea and other arterial load indices in detecting the preload responders and pressure responders. The correlation of the baseline Ea with CO changes after fluid challenge as well as MAP changes were tested by Pearson correlation analysis. Patients with positive preload responsiveness were divided into two groups according to the pressure responsiveness. The changes in Ea and other arterial load indices were analyzed.Results:A total of 116 patients were finally analyzed. Sixty-three patients were preload responders and 53 patients were preload non-responders. There was no significant difference in demographics and baseline physical variables between the two groups. Ea in preload responders was higher than that in preload non-responders (mmHg/mL: 2.51±1.08 vs. 1.87±0.68, P < 0.01). ROC curve analysis showed that the baseline Ea could predict the preload responsiveness at an area under ROC curve (AUC) = 0.71 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 0.62-0.81, P < 0.001]. The cut-off value was 1.97 mmHg/mL with a sensitivity of 71.4% and a specificity of 60.4%. The baseline Ea did not present the predictive ability to detect the pressure responders and pressure non-responders (AUC = 0.52, 95% CI was 0.41-0.63, P = 0.73). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the changes in CO after fluid challenge was moderately correlated to the baseline Ea ( r = 0.47, P < 0.001), meanwhile a weak positive correlation between the changes in MAP and baseline Ea was found ( r = 0.20, P = 0.03). In preload responders, 27 (42.9%) of 63 patients were pressure responders and 36 (57.1%) patients were pressure non-responders. No statistical difference was found in the baseline Ea or other arterial load indices between the two groups. Fluid challenge decreased Ea both in pressure non-responders and pressure responders (mmHg/mL: 2.13±0.94 vs. 2.51±1.08, P < 0.01; 2.47±1.18 vs. 2.69±1.30, P < 0.05). Moreover, the changes in CO and changes in MAP were strongly correlated with the changes in Ea ( r values were -0.50 and 0.58, respectively, both P < 0.001). Conclusions:The Ea > 1.97 mmHg/mL before fluid challenge could predict fluid responsiveness in septic shock patients. The baseline Ea was not able to predict the subsequent changes in arterial pressure through fluid challenge. A significant decrease in Ea inducing by fluid administration explained why patients increased their CO without improving blood pressure.

Objective To investigate the effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on expression of phosphatase PHLPP1 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).Methods Rabbit aortic VSMCs were cultured.VSMCs proliferation ability was determined by measuring cell number and mitochondrial dehydrogenase (MD) activity with MTT assay.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of phosphatase PHLPP 1.Results IGF-1 (100μg/L) increased cell number and MD activity to 3.02 and 3.59 times of that in control group.oxLDL(50μg/ ml) elevated the above two parameters to 2.03 and 2.91 times respectively.Western blot showed that IGF-1 and oxLDL inhibited the expression of PHLPP 1 to 39.27% and 40.26% of the control group (P＜0.01).Conclusion IGF-1 and oxLDL may enhance the proliferation of VSMCs by decreasing the expression of phosphatase PHLPP1 .

Through comparative study on Naotaifang containing serum and plasma proteomics (peptide), this article revealed differential proteins (peptides) in the Naotaifang. The characteristics of differential proteins were identified with mass spectrometry. It provides scientific evidences for the pharmacodynamic material basis and Chinese herbal medicine plasma pharmacological method development in the exploration of Naotaifang. A total of 20 healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, Naotaifang treatment group according to their weights. Ten rats in each group. Intragastric administration of medication was given for seven consecutive days. Before surgery, rats were fed with water but without food. One hour after the last drug administration, 10% chloral hydrate was injected for intraperitoneal anesthesia. Blood was taken through the common carotid artery. Serum and plasma samples were made after blood was taken from each rat. Serum and plasma samples of five rats were randomly selected from each group. And the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) technique was used in the comparative study of serum pro-teomics (peptide). The 300 DPI scanning and PDQuest 7.3.0 were used in the analysis. The ESI-MS/MS was used to identify important differences in proteins and screen characteristic serum and plasma protein. The results showed that 20 differential proteins of 5 plasma samples were identified. There were 15 types of proteins expressing up-regulation and 5 types expressing down-regulation. Comparative analysis on the 2-DE gel pictures of Naotaifang containing serum, 19 differential proteins of 5 plasma samples were identified, among which 15 types of proteins express up-regulation and 4 down-regulation. Comparative analysis on the 2-DE gel pictures of Naotaifang containing serum and Naotaifang containing plasma showed that 24 differential proteins of 5 plasma samples were identified, among which 9 types of proteins express up-regulation and 15 down-regulation. The highly expressed proteins were selected to MALDI-TOF-MS between Naotaifang containing serum and Naotaifang containing plasma. There were six successful-ly identified proteins, which were inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor, heavy chain 3, group-specific component, comple-ment factor B, Receptor Complexed with A Heterodimeric Fc, isoform CRA-d, Transferrin. It was concluded that protein with obvious changes in the Naotaifang containing serum and plasma may be related with fibrinolysis and an-ticoagulant. These proteins are involved in angiogenesis, inflammation and other pathological regulations of physiolog-ical processes. They are of great significance in the study of effective target and its signal transduction pathway of Naotaifang.