In recent years, interventional radiology has effectively solved lots of difficult clinical problems related to airway disorders, and has rapidly developed with the technique being widely practiced in the clinical work. However, the complications caused by airway stent have occurred more and more common, one reason for it is that there are few necessary fundamental studies in animal model. The paper aims to summarize the current situation and progress in animal experiment with regard to airway stent both at home and abroad in order to lay a foundation for promoting relevant basic researches.

Objective To explore the expression of annexin A10 (ANXA10) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),and analyze its correlation with matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),thus to provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and assessment of HCC.Methods 88 HCC patients were selected,and they were all performed surgical treatment,HCC stage Ⅰ in 11 cases,stage Ⅱ 25 cases,stage Ⅲ 31 cases,stage ⅣV 21 cases.The expressions of ANXA10,MMP-9,VEGF of HCC cancer tissues,adjacent liver tissues and normal liver tissues were tested by immunohistochemical method.The correlation of ANXA10 with VEGF and MMP-9 was analyzed.Results The absorbance value of ANXA10 expression in the HCC cancer tissue was (0.074 ± 0.012),which was lower than that in the adjacent liver tissues [(0.091 ± 0.013)] and normal liver tissues[(0.131 ±0.025)],and ANXA10 expression of the adjacent liver tissue was lower than that of the normal liver tissues,the differences were statistically significant (t =8.96,9.44,8.71,all P ＜ 0.05).The absorbance values of MMP-9 and VEGF expression in the HCC cancer tissue were (0.147 ± 0.017) and (0.127 ± 0.028),respectively,which were higher than those in the adjacent liver tissues [(0.096 ± 0.012),(0.091 ± 0.015)] and normal liver tissues [(0.075 ± 0.014),(0.077 ± 0.019)].The absorbance values of MMP-9 and VEGF of the adjacent liver tissues were higher than those of the normal liver tissues,the differences were statistically significant (t =8.05,9.30,8.11;8.28,9.51,8.02,all P ＜ 0.05).The absorbance value of ANXA 10 expression in the HCC stage Ⅲ + Ⅳ cancer tissue was (0.056 ± 0.010),which was lower than that in the stage Ⅰ + Ⅱ cancer tissue [(0.082 ±0.016)],the difference was statistically significant (t =8.90,P ＜ 0.05).The absorbance values of MMP-9 and VEGF expression in the stage Ⅲ + Ⅳ cancer tissue were (0.157 ± 0.022) and (0.169 ± 0.033),respectively,which were higher than those in the stage Ⅰ + Ⅱ cancer tissue [(0.114 ±0.015),(0.091 ±0.021)],the differences were statistically significant (t =9.13,9.72,all P ＜ 0.05).ANXA10 was correlated with MMP-9 and VEGF (r =0.324,0.295,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ANXA10 presents lower expression in HCC cell,and the expression decreased with the increase of staging.It is negatively related with the MMP-9 and VEGF.ANXA10 expression missing or inactivation of malignant change may be one of the most important features in HCC.

To compare the effects of immune enhancement, anti-fatigue and anoxia tolerance on mice of four kinds of dodder seeds in Shandong Province.

Objective:To correlate diaphragmatic ultrasound parameters and pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its clinical value in the diagnosis of COPD.Methods:Eighty patients with COPD who received treatment in The First People's Hospital of Huzhou from January 2019 to June 2020 and 80 healthy subjects who concurrently received health examination were included in this study. Pulmonary function index, diaphragmatic ultrasonic parameters and activity endurance index were compared between COPD group and healthy control group. Diaphragmatic ultrasound parameters in COPD patients were correlated with pulmonary function index and activity endurance index.Results:The forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity (FEV 1/FVC) ratio in the COPD group was significantly lower than that in the healthy control group [(56.27 ± 8.98)% vs. (87.42 ± 6.29)%, t = 14.583, P < 0.05]. The residual volume/total lung capacity (RV/TLC) ratio in the COPD group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group [(54.81 ± 6.95) % vs. (27.59 ± 3.92) %, t = 17.904, P < 0.05]. The walking distance in 6-minute walking test (6MWT) in the COPD group was significantly shorter than that in the healthy control group [(502.36 ± 82.41) m vs. (824.59 ± 63.37) m, t = 11.726, P < 0.05]. The diaphragm mobility using quite breathing (DM QB), the diaphragm mobility using deep breathing (DM DB), and diaphragmatic thickening fractions (TF) in the COPD group were (1.71 ± 0.45) mm, (4.03 ± 0.81) m and (117.56 ± 24.83) %, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the healthy control groups [(2.24 ± 0.30) mm, (5.36 ± 0.62 ) mm, (159.60 ± 22.35)%, t = 4.736-7.592, all P < 0.05]. DM QB, DM DB and TF in patients with COPD were positively correlated with FEV 1/FVC and 6MWT distance ( r = 0.705-0.819, all P < 0.05), but they were negatively correlated with residual volume/total lung capacity (RV/TLC) ratio ( r = -0.774 to -0.847, all P < 0.05). Conclusions:DM QB, DM DB and TF decrease in COPD patients, and their values are correlated with pulmonary function and activity tolerance index. Ultrasound examination of diaphragmatic morphological change is of certain clinical value for the diagnosis and evaluation of COPD.

Objective: To compare the effects of invigorating the kidney and strengthening yang on four kinds of Semen Custutae. Methods: Sexual organs of juvenile rat and shen yang deficiency rat were weighed to analyze its contents of SOD and MDA. Results: Alcohol extracts of four kinds of Semen Custutae have conspicuous effects on increasing weight of sexual organs. Water extracts of Semen Custutae have better effects on raising the contents of SOD and MDA and increasing weight of immune organs of shen yang deficiency rat. Conclusion: The effects of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. and C.australis R. Br. have better than that of C. japonica Choisy and C.lupuliformis Krockr in invigorating the kidney and strengthening yang.

Objective To investigate the optimal window width and window level for measuring the airway dimensions with spiral CT scan in Japanese white big-ear rabbits so as to lay the foundation for airway stenting in animal experiments. Methods Multi-slice spiral CT scanning of cervico-thoracic region was performed in 30 healthy adult Japanese white big-ear rabbits, the anteroposterior and transversal diameter of the thoracic trachea, the anteroposterior diameter of the right and left bronchus were measured with lung window, mediastinum window and special fat window separately. The revealing rate of the tracheal wall and the measuring results in different windows and levels were recorded and compared with the anatomical data. The differences of the relevant data were statistically analyzed. Results With lung window, the tracheal wall was well demonstrated, but the relevant data were smaller than that with mediastinum window. With mediastinum window, the data were bigger and the tracheal wall border appeared blurred. The results obtained with fat window were close to the actual anatomical data. Conclusion For accurately measuring the anteroposterior and transversal diameter of the thoracic trachea in Japanese white big-ear rabbits with multi-slice spiral CT scan, fat window should be adopted, which is helpful for the preparation of tracheal and bronchial stents.

Objective To study the efficacy of double inverted Y-shaped airway covered stent for patients with thoracostomach-right main bronchus fistula.Methods Fifteen cases with thoracostomach-right main bronchus fistula were investigated retrospectively.All patients had accepted esophageal resection and thoracostomach esophagus anastomosis,as well as radiation therapy after surgery due to esophageal cancer. All fistulas located close to the opening of right upper lobe bronchus.According to the normal tracheobronchial diameter and length of patients,two inverted Y-shaped airway covered stents were designed individually.Stenting was performed under X-ray,and the situation of fistula and clinical symptoms improvement were investigated.Results The double inverted Y-shaped airway covered stents were implanted and fistulas were closed successfully.All patients could take normal diet,and the supine cough symptoms disappeared, without complications such as airway bleeding and pneumothorax after stenting.Conclusion The stenting of double inverted Y-shaped airway covered stent may be an effective,feasible and safe treatment for thoracostomach-right main bronchus fistula.

Objective To explore the prophylactic effect of methylprednisolone combined with granisetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting.Methods Two hundred patients scheduled for lumpectomy of breast were randomly divided into four groups with 50 cases each.The patients in group M1 received a pre-anesthesia intravenous doses of methylprednisolone 25 mg,the patients in group M2 were injected methylpredsisolone 25 mg repeatedly four hours later,in group D received a pre-anesthesia doses of dexamethasone 5 mg,in group N normal saline 2 ml.All the four groups of patients received granisetron 3 mg intravenously at the end of surgery.The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the 24 hours were observed.Results The PONV incidences of group M1,M2,D,N were 36%,18%,38% and 58%.Both group M1,M2 and D significantly decreased the total inci-dence of PONV (P <0.05)in the 24 h.The incidence of PONV was significantly lower in group M2, compared with group M1 and group D respectively (P <0.05).Conclusion Methylprednisolone-gran-isetron combination is as equally effective as dexamethasone-granisetron combination for preventing PONV in lumpectomy,but repeated methylprednisolone after 4 h is more effective than dexametha-sone and single-used methylprednisolone.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of coaxial micro-incision phacoemulsification for intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) during cataract surgery.Methods A prospective randomized control study was conducted in 80 patients (80 eyes) taking tamsulosin more than two weeks with age-related cataract from October 2014 to October 2016.All cases were randomly divided into microincision group (MICS group) and standard incision group (SICS group),40 cases in each group.Coaxial 1.8 mm microincision cataract surgery was performed in the MICS group,and coaxial 2.6 mm standard incision cataract surgery was performed in the SICS group.The incidence and the degree of IFIS and complications were recorded during the operation.The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was compared at 1 day,1 week,1 month after surgery.Results At postoperative 1 day,1 week and 1 month,UCVA was 0.83 ± 0.12,0.86 ±0.10,0.89 ±0.11 in the MICS group,and was 0.71-±0.12,0.75 ±0.11,0.83 ±0.12 in the SICS group,there were statistical differences (all P ＜ 0.05),the UCVA of MICS group was better than that of SICS group.The incidence of IFIS was 60.0％ in the MICS group,and 82.5％ in the SICS group,there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was statistical difference on degree of IFIS between two groups (P ＜ 0.05),the degree of IFIS in the MICS group was lower than that in the SICS group.Conclusion The coaxial microincision phacoemuisification is a safe and effective surgery for the patients with cataract and high risk of IFIS.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between the uterine incisional hematoma following cesarean section and scar diverticulum.Methods:This is a retrospective study involving 1 939 women who underwent cesarean section for the first time at the People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen from January 2020 to December 2021. Women with uterine incisional hematoma were selected as the hematoma group ( n=149) and were further divided into the dehiscence group, including patients with uterine incisional dehiscence caused by hematoma, and non-dehiscence group, including those without uterine incisional dehiscence. The patients without uterine incisional hematoma during the same period were selected as the control group ( n=110). The incidence of scar diverticulum after uterine incision healing and the long-term outcomes in the two groups were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using a t-test or Chi-square test. Results:(1) The incidence of uterine incisional hematoma was 7.7% (149/1 939). In the 149 cases with uterine incisional hematoma detected by postoperative ultrasonography, 74 were in the dehiscence group and 75 in the non-dehiscence group. (2) The number of women developing cesarean section scar diverticulum was 41, with an incidence of 2.1% (41/1 939), and all of them were in the hematoma group, accounting for 27.5% (41/149). The proportion of women who developed scar diverticulum in the dehiscence group was higher than that of the non-dehiscence group [52.7% (39/74) vs. 2.7% (2/75), χ2=35.96, P<0.001]. (3) The incidence of scar diverticulum in patients with uterine incisional dehiscence caused by intra-incision hematoma, intra- and posterior incision hematoma, as well as a combination of intra-, anterior, and posterior incision hematoma were 10/18, 55.1% (27/49), and 2/2, respectively. None of the five patients with uterine scar diverticulum were caused by anterior incision hematoma plus partial intra-incision hematoma. The incidence of scar diverticulum was 2.7% (2/75) in the non-dehiscence group. (4) Among the 41 cases with scar diverticulum, ultrasound re-examination by postpartum 6-24 months found that the results of 40 (97.6%) cases were consistent with the last ultrasound findings. A small "v"-shaped scar diverticulum was observed in another patient by ultrasound 42 d after delivery, which disappeared in a re-examination 13 months after surgery. Conclusions:Uterine incisional hematoma is associated with scar diverticulum following cesarean section. Uterine incisional dehiscence due to hematoma may be an influencing factor for diverticulum formation.