OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the rational drug use and glycemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS:160 patients with type 2 diabetes in 3 communities of Tianjin were divided into 2 groups based on the understanding of the diabetic knowledge,group A(86 cases)had understanding of diabetic knowledge and group B(74 cases)had no. They were carried on the questionnaire survey about the general information,medication and glycemic control. RESULTS:A total of 160 ques-tionnaires were conducted,and 160 were effective with the effective rate of 100%. The proportion of patients with highly educated (college or above)in group A was significantly higher than group B,low education(secondary or below)was significantly lower than group B(P<0.05). The proportion of patients with medicine background in group A was significantly higher than group B(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the use ratio of different types of drugs for diabetes between group A and group B (P>0.05),however,the use ratio of self-purchase functional food in group A was 0,and group B(60.8%)was significantly high-er than group A(P<0.05). The recent self-test average blood glucose levels,the average blood glucose levels in the investigation day,the 2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels in group A were significantly lower than group B(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The medication and glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes is closely related to the understand-ing of glycemic knowledge. Therefore,propaganda and education of medication and related functional food for patients need to be strengthened to promote the rational medication.

Child ; Early Diagnosis ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; diagnosis ; Humans

Objective To identify the chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Methods Chemical components of 86 traditional Chinese medicines were identified by two methods,observation group with LC-MS method and control group with traditional LC methods.The identification efficacy,accuracy,and identification time between two methods were compared. Results The excellent rate in observation group was 76.74% (66/86),the excellent and good rate was 90.70%(78/86),which were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05 ).83 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine were successfully identified in observation group,the success rate was 96.5 1%,significantly higher than control group(P<0.05).The identification tine,retention time after correction of errors in observation group were significantly less than control group(P<0.05 ).Conclusion LC-MS has high accuracy,short identification time and wide adaptation range in identification of chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Chilblains ; therapy ; Female ; Ginger ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Seasons ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: The parameters of blood platelet(B-PLT) can reflect its thrombo-function, but the variation of blood-platelet parameters in patients with thrombotic disease is controversial and not unanimous.OBJECTIVE: To observe the changing rule of the B-PLT parameters in patients with cerebral infarction(CI), and investigate whether blood cell counter can be used in the evaluation of the variation of B-PLT parameters in CI patients.DESIGN: A case-control and experimental study based on patients and healthy people.SETTING: Department of laboratory and internal medicine in a university.PARTICIPANTS: During the January and March 2002, 37 CI patients including 28 males and 9 females aged 45 - 87 years were selected from Department of Neurology, Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Among 37 healthy people,20 males and 17 females aged 40 - 60 years were selected as control group.METHODS: Platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet-large cell ratio(P-LCR) and the changing quantity of B-PLT of 37 CI patients were analyzed with blood cell counter, meanwhile,the healthy people were analyzed as control subjects.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes of B-PLT parameters in two groups respectively.RESULTS: A positive relation between PDW and P-LCR was observed and between P-LCR and MPV as well( r = 0. 99, 0.92, P ＜ 0. 001 ). A negative correlation between B-PLT quantity and MPV was observed and also between B-PLTquantity and P-LCR(r= -0.58, -0.59, P ＜0.05) .In CI patients, PDW, MPV and P-LCR were(14.51 ± 2. 88)%, (10.95 ± 1.48) fl and(34.24 ± 11.23)% respectively, which were higher than those of healthy people [ (12. 86 ± 2.02)%, (10. 19 ± 1.29) fl, (28.47 ± 9.41 )% ]respectively, and the difference was significant( P =0. 019 31, 0. 021 77 and 0.026 35), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in B-PLT quantity.CONCLUSION: The blood platelets' parameters in CI patients, which reflect the function of the B-PLT, are significantly higher than those in healthy people. It shows that the enhanced function of platelet is a risk factor of cerebral infarction, the use of blood cell counter in analysis can observe the variation of the platelets' function rapidly and accurately. It can be a useful method of the therapy and prevention in CI patients.

Objective:To investigate the protein expression levels of breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) and Con-nexin 43 (Cx43) in thyroid cancer and their correlation with clinicopathologic parameters. Methods:Immunohistochemistry Streptavi-din-Peroxidase method was used to detect the BRMS1 and Cx43 protein expression in 195 tissue samples, including 90 cases with thy-roid carcinoma, 45 cases with thyroid adenoma, 30 cases with nodular goiter, and 30 cases with normal thyroid glands. Results:The positive rates of BRMS1 and Cx43 expression was 56.7%(51/90) and 41.1%(37/90) in thyroid carcinoma, respectively, which are sig-nificantly lower than the rates in thyroid adenoma, nodular goiter, and normal thyroid gland tissues (P<0.001). Of the three pathological types of thyroid cancer, the positive expression rate of Cx43 was 61.9%in papillary carcinoma, 27.8%in medullary carcinoma, 27.3%in follicular carcinoma, and 12.5%in undifferentiated carcinoma. Statistical differences in the BRMS1 expression among papillary car-cinoma and the other pathological types were also noted. Unlike the patients without lymph node metastasis, the positive expression of BRMS1 and Cx43 proteins were both significantly low among patients suffering from nodal metastasis. Subgroup analysis shows that the positive expression of BRMS1 and Cx43 protein gradually decreased with TNM staging. In addition, a positive correlation was ob-served between the BRMS1 and Cx43 protein expression (r=0.494, P=0.032). Conclusion:The decreased expression of BRMS1 and Cx43 proteins is significantly correlated with the metastasis of thyroid cancer and malignant grade. The combined detection of the two proteins can be ideal biomarkers for judging the prognosis of thyroid carcinoma.

Objective To explore the recurrence-prevention effect of oral contraceptive and levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (Mirena) after hysteroscopic endometrial polypectomy.Methods One hundred and seventy-four patients who received hysteroscopic endometrial polypectomy were enrolled in this research.The patients were informed and divided into three groups according to their selection:51 cases were given oral contraceptive since one month until 12 months after the surgery (oral contraceptive group); 60 cases were received Mirena since one month after the surgery (Mirena group) ; and 64 cases were received no treatment after the surgery (control group).The groups were followed up at 3,6,12 months after the surgery and compared the recurrence rate,menstruation,level of hemoglobin and complication rate.Results The recurrence rate in oral contraceptive group,Mirena group and control group was 3.9％(2/51),3.3％ (2/60) and 19.0％ (12/63),respectively.The recurrence rate in control group was higher than that in oral contraceptive group and Mirena group,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The proportion of low menstruation volume in control group was lower than that in oral contraceptive group and Mirena group,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The level of hemoglobin in control group was lower than that in oral contraceptive group and Mirena group [(124.55 ±9.33) g/L vs.(133.71 ± 11.03),(135.89 ±6.88) g/L],and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of complication in Mirena group [18.3％ (11/60)] was less than that in oral contraceptive group[35.3％(18/51)],and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Oral contraceptive and Mirena after hysteroscopy for endometrial polys significantly decrease the recurrence rate.The complication rate of Mirena is lower and it is a safe and effective way to treat and prevent the endometrial polyp.

Objective To explore clinical characteristics and treatment of the thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) induced by malignant hypertension, and provide a better understanding of the disease. Methods The clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, therapeutic methods and prognosis of 15 TMA patients induced by malignant hypertension were analyzed retrospectively. Results The clinical manifestations were characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and kidney injury. None of the patients required plasma exchange therapy. After antihypertensive treatment, all of 15 patients were discharged with improved clinical condition, remoglobin levels and platelet count. Conclusions The TMA induced by malignant hypertension is different from the classic TMA. Improving the understanding of TMA induced by malignant hypertension will contribute to early diagnosis and targeted treatment.

Based on the reality of Anhui Medical University,the paper analyzes the adverse factors of carrying out combination with teaching for the literature retrieval course from the perspectives of emphasis,professional knowledge structure and teachers of professional courses,and puts forward corresponding countermeasures from implementation of teaching and teaching effect,in order to provide reference for medical colleges to carry out literature retrieval course effectively.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of antidepressant drugs in the clinic. METHODS:The utilization of antidepressant drugs in Nanjing during the period of 2011-2013 were analyzed statistically in respect of DDD,DDDs,DDC,av-erage annual growth rate and ratio of ranking method . RESULTS:From 2011 to 2013,consumption sum and DDDs of antidepres-sant drugs increased year by year in 31 hospitals of Nanjing;paroxetine occupied the first place in the list of consumption sum. Se-lective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) got the top place ranked by DDDs,followed by serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake in-hibitors and special serotonin antidressant. CONCLUSIONS:The application of antidepressant drugs in Nanjing area is basically rea-sonable. SSRIs,such as fluvoxamine,fluoxetine,citalopram,sertraline and paroxetine,are still the first-line antidepressant drugs recent years in Nanjing.