Objective:Through 51 SPECT and SPECT/CT systems for performance test results of the collation and analysis, to understand the status of the operation of the SPECT and SPECT/CT systems, and in-depth analysis of indicators and find out the weak links and puts forward suggestions for improvement. Methods:According to the NEMA standards and requirements of the manufacturer, the systems have been tested on intrinsic uniformity, intrinsic spatial linearity, intrinsic spatial resolution, maximum count rate, system sensitivity, system spatial resolution and tomographic spatial resolution. Results:The results show that the majority of SPECT or SPECT/CT systems can pass the test;the failure rate is 9.80%. And the failures mainly show intrinsic uniformity and intrinsic spatial linearity. Conclusion:It is effective to improve the equipment performance by doing well in the daily quality control, regular maintenance and calibration, reducing factors that influence the inherent uniformity and inherent linear.

Objective To analyze the influence factors on, and the relationship between, the system performance parameters by testing SPECT equipment.Methods By reference to National Electrical Manufactures Association standards and manufacturer's specifications, the performances of a total of 31 SPECTs in 12 provinces were measured, for the first time, with regard to their system spatial resolution (SSR) , system planar sensitivity (SPS) and tomographic spatial resolution (TPR).Results The results were as follows: (7.90 ± 0.62) mm for SSR, with the highest 9.46 mm and the lowest 7.04 mm;(78.54± 13.17)s-1· MBq-1 for SPS, with the highest 123.80 s-1 · MBq-1 and the lowest 56.70 s-1·MBq-1;and (13.12 ± 2.59) mm for TSR, with the highest 18.13 mm and the lowest 8.45 mm.These values indicated a nearly consistent upward and downward trend and could meet the clinical requirements by comparison with the manufactuer' s specifications.Conclusions Mutual restrictions have been shown between SSR and SPS.Increased thickness of the system crystal plane can improve the SPS, but also has a negative impact on the SSR.For all the above reasons, it is the optimum solution to choose the right type of collimator and crystal thickness for different clinical applications.

Objective:It is to discuss results and significance of PET/CT in the performance tests.Methods: According to NEMA NU 2-2007 Performance Measurements of Positron Emission Tomographs and GB 17589-2011 specifications for quality assurance test for computed tomography X-ray scanners standards, with phantoms of nuclear medicine and CT, performance testing was done.Results: Spatial Resolution (FWHM): transverse 1 cm 4.16 mm, axial: 1 cm 4.04 mm, transverse 10 cm 4.92 mm, axial: 10 cm 5.74 mm. Sensitivity: 9.6 s-1·kBq-1, scatter fraction: 35.4%, peak NEC rate: 1.69×105 s-1.Conclusion: According to manufacturers and national standards, the results of performances testing are up to standard. It is necessary to enhance the effect of in quality control(QC) of PET/CT and the fundamentality of the performance tests, so that the devices come to the demands for clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the effect of Bazhen granules combined with conventional treatment in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica and effect on immune level.MethodsFrom December 2013 to May 2016 in the second hospital of Shandong University 80 cases with polymyalgia rheumatica were randomly divided into the Banzhen granule group and the conventional group, 40 cases in each group.The two groups were given basic treatment with prednisone.The Bazhen granules group were given Bazhen granules at the same time.The two group were given continuous treatment for 3 months.ResultsBefore treatment, the difference of serum ESR and CRP levels between the Bazhen granules group and the normal group was not statistically significant.After treatment, in the Bazhen granule group, serum ESR, CRP levels were lower than those in the conventional group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);serum CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, IgG, IgM, IgA levels were higher than those in the conventional group (P<0.05), CD8+ level was lower than that in the conventional group (P<0.05).The effective rate in the Bazhen granule group 85%was higher than that in the conventional group 62.50% (P<0.05).The total effect rate in the Bazhen granule group95% was higher than that in the conventional group 87.50%, but the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionThe effect is better that Bazhen granules combined with conventional treatment on the treatment of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica, which can improve the patient's immune level.

Child ; Fructose ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Status Epilepticus ; drug therapy

Ginseng is a typical adaptogen which has resistance to various stresses. This effect is related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. As the main active ingredients, saponin has the similar structure to steroids. The regulation characteristics of ginseng saponin on the HPA axis are narrated from the aspects of total saponin and saponin monomers in this paper after the introduction of adaptation definition and HPA axis regulation mechanisms. Pharmacological effects of ginseng saponin and the regulation effect of HPA axis are summarized finally.
Adaptation, Physiological ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; secretion ; Animals ; Corticosterone ; secretion ; Ginsenosides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; drug effects ; secretion ; Panax ; chemistry ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; drug effects ; secretion

Objective To explore the clinical value of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP) in chronic kidney disease(CKD) and the relationship between hsCRP and the different stages of CKD in children.Methods This study population consisted of patients who was diagnosised as CKD in Beijing Children′s Hospital from Mar.2007 to Feb.2008.The total number of subjects was 62 patients with 35 male and 27 female,the mean age was(8.7?4.0)years old,the course was from 3 months to 10 years.The healthy control group contains 30 healthy children with 16 male and 14 female,the mean age was(7.8?3.2) years old.The serum levels of hsCRP,creatine and ?2-microglobulin(?2-MG) were determined.The glomerular filtration rate(GFR) was caculated.The relationship between serum levels of hsCRP and ?2-MG,blood pressure as well as the renal function in these patients with CKD,stratified according to GFR were evaluated.The relationship between hsCRP and the blood pressure was evaluated.The statistical analysis for the data was done with SPSS 12.0 software.Use the t-test,order and examination and correlation analysis,P

Currently, it is considered that the tumor cells get abnormal activity by EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) activation, inducing the generation and survival of CTCs (circulating tumor cells). After dissemination of CTCs through the blood, MET (mesenchymal-epithelial transition) occurs to form secondary tumor metastasis. Given that EMT is a key factor to induce CTCs to promote tumor metastasis, more and more attention was paid on CTCs in prognosis and targeted therapy of tumors. This review is mainly involved the current progress in the role of EMT in generation and survival of CTCs and the role of MET in metastasis formation from EMT-derived CTCs, and discusses the problem of the clinical application of detection of CTCs-EMT phenotype. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

Objective To study the relationship of peripheral vascular disease(PVD) with gender and serum uric acid in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods Lower extremities of 82 male and 70 female patients with type 2 diabetes were screened for PVD by color Doppler uhrasonography,and the levels of serum uric acid,fasting blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin and serum lipid were examined.Results In male,serum uric acid(328.12?107.30) ?mol/L,age(65.00?9.66) yrs,durations of diabetes(7.38?6.17) yrs, HBA_1Cc(7.74?1.83)% were significantly higher in the diabetic patients with PVD than those in patients without PVD.And these changes were not shown in female patients.In male,the detectable rate of PVD(82.14%)in diabetics with high level uric acid was also increased than that in normal uric acid group(53.70%).Conclusion The higher level of serum uric acid in type 2 diabetics was closely related with the occurrence of peripheral vascular disease in male.So we should actively control the level of serum uric acid in male.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the satisfaction degree of outpatients on policy of separation of clinical pharmacy from 4 third grade hospitals in Shanghai,and provide reference for promoting medical reform policy. METHODS:Parts of outpatients in the 4 new suburb third grade hospitals were investigated by the questionnaire and interview in Shanghai city,and the data was sta-tistically analyzed by Excel software and SPSS 19.0 software. RESULTS:Totally 400 questionnaires were sent out and 368 were valid with effective recovery of 94.3%. The awareness rate of medical separation policy was 81.3% in the outpatients;55.5% of outpatients thought that medicine cost savings effect was not obvious;the overall satisfaction of patients was 91.6%,and the high-est of satisfaction was the service attitude and the lowest was medical expenses. CONCLUSIONS:Policy of separation of clinical pharmacy has reduced the medical expenses,guided the triage treatment of patients partly and improved the satisfaction of patients. It is suggested to shorten the waiting time by optimizing examination process,strengthen price regulation in drug,standardize pro-duction and distribution process,improve use rate of essential medicines and promote clinical rational drug use for further improve-ment of satisfaction.