OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for quality evaluation of Ejiao. METHODS:The contents of 17 amino acids in 18 batches of Ejiao from 18 manufacturers were analyzed by automatic amino acid analyzer;the content data was processed by prin-cipal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA),in order to understand the relationship among these amino acids and categorize the Ejiao products. RESULTS:Except for a batch of Ejiao,the other 17 batches contained 17 various amino acids,including 7 necessary amino acids(Thr,Val,Met,Ile,Leu,Phe and Lys)for human being,especially the contents of Gly and Pro were higher. The total content of amino acids was arranged from 66.1% to 82.0%,showing great difference. Four main components were extracted by PCA,the cumulative contribution of which was 89.578%,and accordingly it may be consid-ered that Pro,Ala,Glu,Asp,Leu,Ile and Thr were characteristic amino acids of Ejiao products. In hierarchical clustering analy-sis,3 tree figures of commercial Ejiao product were achieved and Euclidean distance was varied among 0-25. CONCLUSIONS:There is great difference in total control of amino acid in commercial Ejiao product;Ejiao products from various manufacturers dif-fer in their amino acid contents. Ejiao is rich in collagen,and therefore,using amino acid determination would be helpful to moni-tor its quality.

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between HIF-1αt and VEGF expression and the clinicopathological characteristics in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods The expression status of HIF-1α and VEGF were examined by immunohistochemistric method (IHC) in 62 tumor tissue and 19 paracancerous normal tissue.The relationships between the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF and clinicopathological characteristic were analyzed. Results HIF-1αt and VEGF expression were higher in hypopharyngeal carcinoma tissues than those in paracancerous normal tissues (66. 1％:26. 3％ ;x2 =18. 02,P ＜0. 05 ;67. 7％ : 31.6％ ; x2 =19.22, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The expression intensity of HIF-1 α was related to T stage, N stage and TNM stage ( x2 =4. 23,5.83,9.94,all P ＜0. 05). The expression intensity of VEGF was related to metastasis, T stage, N stage and TNM stage (x2 =5.62,7. 38,15.75,4. 29 ,all P ＜0. 05 ). There was minus relationship between overall survival and expression level of HIF-1 α and/or VEGF (x2 =29. 25, P＜0.01; x2 =24.88, P＜ 0.01 ).On multivariate analysis,HIF-1α expression and T stage were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (x2 =4.80,5.74, all P＜0. 05).ConclusionsHIF-1α and VEGF may be considered as a parameter in evaluation of progression, metastasis and prognosis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma and also may be a direction of molecular target therapy.

Objective To compare the acceptance of 2 different teaching modes－physicians and therapists teaching together and separately in continuing education students of rehabilitation medicine. Methods A questionnaire was filled by the students who attended the lectures of both Rehabilitation of Elbow Injury and Rehabilitation of Wrist Injury in the 9th National Orthopedic Class. The former lecture was taught by the rehabilitation physician and physical therapist together (together mode), and the latter lecture was taught by the rehabilitation physician and physical therapist separately (separate mode). The questionnaire included the choices and text questions. Results There were 45 copies of effective questionnaire all together. The satisfaction of both lectures were above 90%. As to teaching modes, 77.8% students liked together mode better, and 22.2% students preferd the separate mode. 93.9% students would or maybe use together mode in their future work, and 88.9% in separate mode. Conclusion The mode of physician and therapist giving lectures together is well accepted by students.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of yiqi huoxue formula (YHF) on healing and recurrence of peptic ulcer.

METHODSAdopting randomized and controlled principle, the 46 patients with active peptic ulcer were randomly allocated into the treated group and the control group, they received respectively the treatment of YHF + Omeprazole and Omeprazole alone for 5 weeks. If exhibiting positive Hp, the Trigeminy one-week eradicating treatment, using Omeprazole, Clarithromycin and Amoxicillin, was applied firstly, after then, followed with the prescriptive treatment. Gastroscopy was performed before and after treatment to assess the status of Hp eradicating and the endoscopic and histological maturity of regenerated mucosa. Meanwhile, the changes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) levels were detected with ELISA. Patients with ulcer healed were followed up for 6 months to observe the condition of recurrence.

RESULTSThe percentage of Sc phase maturity and excellent histological maturity of regenerated mucosa obtained in the treated group were more than those in the control group respectively (P < 0.05), and levels of VEGF and bFGF increased significantly in the treated group after treatment (P < 0.05). But the difference of ulcer recurrence rate between the two groups in the 6-month follow-up study showed no statistically significance. However, the recurrence rate in patients with excellent histological maturity of regenerated mucosa was lower than that with good histological maturity (P < 0.05); and it was decreasing along with the progressing of regenerated mucosa endoscopic maturity, i.e., Sc < Sb < Sa (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONYHF can improve the quality of ulcer healing, and its mechanism is possibly related to the increase of VEGF and bFGF expressions. The higher the quality of ulcer healing, the lower the recurrence rate.

Adult ; Anti-Ulcer Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Omeprazole ; therapeutic use ; Peptic Ulcer ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Phytotherapy ; Recurrence ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in patients with pulmonary oligometastases.Methods:Clinical data of patients with pulmonary metastases treated with SABR from 2011 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The local control rate (LCR) and overall survival (OS) were calculated by Kaplan- Meier method. log-rank test was used for univariate analysis and Cox’s regression model for multivariate analysis. Results:A total of 214 lung metastases were detected in 159 patients, and the median follow-up time was 43 months. The 1-, 3-and 5-year LCR were 90.1%, 73.9% and 65.8%, respectively. The 1-, 3-and 5-year OS were 73.8%, 43.6% and 11.9%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that biological effective dose (BED)&ge;100 Gy was significantly correlated with LCR ( P=0.033). Cox’s multivariate analysis showed that BED and primary tumor source were the independent prognostic factors of LCR ( P=0.023, P=0.043). No>grade 3 adverse events were observed in all patients during treatment. Conclusions:SABR is a safe and effective treatment of lung oligometastases. SABR should be actively aD ministered for pulmonary oligometastases, especially for those with lesions from lung cancer and the radiation dose should be selected as BED &ge;100 Gy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence and risk factors of prehypertension among adults in mainland China and identify the high-risk population.

METHODSSix databases including Chinese Biological Medical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database (WF), PubMed and Web of Knowledge were searched for publications documenting the incidence and risk factors of prehypertension among general population in Chinese adults. Eligible studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria for meta-analysis using Stata software and RevMan software.

RESULTSTwenty-one published studies were finally included. The results showed that the incidence of prehypertension was 37% in Chinese adults. The pooled SMD (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 0.37 (0.29-0.46) for body mass index, 0.20 (0.12-0.27) for fasting blood glucose (FPG), 0.17 (0.15-0.19) for total cholesterol (TC), 0.22 (0.17-0.27) for triglyceride (TG), 0.13 (0.10-0.15) for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and -0.07 (-0.16-0.02) for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). For smoking, drinking and family history of hypertension, the pooled OR (95% CI) were 1.44 (1.40-1.47), 1.60 (1.44-1.79), and 1.19 (1.04-1.35), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe incidence of prehypertension among adults in mainland China is relatively high, especially in males. BMI, FBG, TC, TG, LDL-C, smoking, drinking and family history of hypertension are positively related to prehypertension, and early intervention is recommended to reverse these modifiable risk factors.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Body Mass Index ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Male ; Prehypertension ; epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Triglycerides

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical correlation of chromosome abnormalities and microdeletion in azoospermic factor (AZF) region on Y chromosome in 25 patients with azoospermia.

METHODSChromosome analyses were performed by using chromosome GTG-banding, Q-banding, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for AZF region on chromosome Yq.

RESULTSSeven cases showed abnormal chromosome karyotype (28%). In 8 azoospermic patients tested, 2 showed microdeletions of AZFb (SY127, SY134)+ AZFc (SY254, SY255) and AZFc(SY243, SY158) on chromosome Yq, respectively.

CONCLUSIONChromosome abnormalities and AZF microdeletion are major cause of azoospermia leading to male infertility; male with azoospermia and infertility should be referred to cytogenetic diagnosis by using chromosome GTG-banding, Q-banding after ruling out clinical factors including testopathy, obstructive azoospermia, and abnormalities in incretion and immune system. FISH or PCR analysis for AZF region on chromosome Yq should be done for the patient with azoospermia if Q-banding indicates the deletion above Yq12 region. It is of essential importance to provide precise diagnosis in genetic counseling for further clinical treatment.

Adult ; Azoospermia ; genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; genetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To detect mutations in the ARAD1 gene in a pedigree with dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH).Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 8 family members (including 5 patients with DSH and 3 unaffected members) in the pedigree with DSH,as well as 100 unrelated healthy controls.All the 15 exon sequences of the ADAR1 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)followed by direct sequencing.Then,mutations were detected in comparison with the standard sequence of the ADAR1 gene in Genebank.Results A nonsense mutation C.1420C ＞ T (p.Arg474X) was identified at position 1 420 in exon 2 of the ADAR1 gene in the 5 patients with DSH,but not in the 3 unaffected members or 100 unrelated healthy controls.Conclusion The nonsense mutation C.1420C ＞ T in the ADAR1 gene is the causative mutation in the pedigree with DSH.

Object To standardize hospital high-value consumables purchasing procedure to eliminate corruption.Methods The deficiencies of some tertiary Grade A hospital were analyzed in high-value consumables purchasing, and some suggestions based on foreign countries' achievements were proposed including completing high-value consumables purchasing procedure and making anti-corruption efforts in medical institutions.Results It's suggested that high-value consumables management system be completed, admission qualification management and purchasing procedure be standardized and supervision mechanism be established in the hospital.Conclusion Improved high-value consumables purchasing procedure contributes to anti corruption in medical institutions.

The mitochondrion is a particularly important organelle in eukaryotic cells. It contains its own genetic material and is coined as “the powerhouse of cells”. Mitochondria are involved in many cellular progresses such as cell signaling and metabolic homeostasis. Its dysfunction is linked to various human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes. Mitochondrion has a unique DNA, a small size with 16 569 bp circular genome, encoding only 37 genes, which are key components of the electron transport chain (ETC) and translational machinery. Furthermore, the mutations of mitochondrion DNA correlate with some inherited disease such as Leber’ s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). There are very few treatments to fully cure these diseases. As a result, researchers are interested in developing a wide range of methods to understand mitochondrial functions. In this review, we mainly focus on works in targeting mitochondrial DNA, including drug modification, material delivery and gene editing.