Early Diagnosis ; Hearing Loss ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn

Child ; Cryptosporidiosis ; complications ; Cryptosporidium parvum ; Cyclospora ; Cyclosporiasis ; complications ; Diarrhea ; complications ; Humans ; Hypoproteinemia ; complications ; Male

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of serum response factor (SRF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR2) in gastric carcinoma. Methods SABC immunohistochemical method was used to determine the expressions of SRF and VEGFR2 in 50 cases of gastric carcinoma, 50 cases of surgery incisal edges and 29 cases of lymph node metastasis focus. Results The detection positive rates of SRF and VEGFR2 in gastric carcinoma were 52.00 % (26/50) and 60.00 %(30/50), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the normal gastric mucosa [16.00 % (8/50) and 10.00 % (5/50), respectively] (P< 0.05), with no statistical difference with metastiatic lymph node [65.52 % (19/29) and 72.41 % (21/29), respectively]. In the gastric carcinoma group, the expression of SRF was relevant with depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The expression of VEGFR2 was not related to age, gender and tumour size (P>0.05), but closely correlated to differentiation degree, invasion depth and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The expressions of SRF and VEGFR2 in the gastric carcinoma were positively correlated (r= 0.594, P< 0.05). Conclusion Overexpressions of SRF and VEGFR2 in gastric carcinoma can be regarded as the poorly prognostic markers and play an important role in invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.

Objective To observe the effect of edaravone combined with Plantula Ixeridis Sonchifoliae(PIS) on relieving neurologic impairment symptoms of patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods Ninety-two ACI patients were equally randomized into the treatment group and the control group.The two groups were given routine western medical treatment such as use of aspirin and neurotrophic drugs,and decreasing intracranial pressure and symptomatic treatment for large-size cerebral ischemia.Additionally,the treatment group received intravenous injection of edaravone injection plus PIS injection,and the control group received PIS injection.Fourteen days constituted one treatment course,and the treatment lasted 2 courses.The score of neurologic impairment was evaluated with European Stroke Scale(ESS),and the score of activities of daily life(ADL) was observed before treatment,and after one and two treatment course(s).The adverse reaction was recorded during the treatment.Results At the end of the first treatment course,the scores of ESS and ADL were improved in both groups(P0.05).At the end of the second treatment course,the scores of ESS and ADL were markedly improved in both groups(P

Objective To investigate the time trends and age-related characteristics of mortality and disease burden for cardiocerebrovascular diseases (CVD) in Hunan, China during three periods ( 1973 -1975, 1990 - 1992 and 2004 -2005). Methods The cardiocerebrovaacular death data of Hunan residents were collected by three national retrospective sample surveys of death. Cause-specific mortality, proportion, years of potential life lost (YPLL) and associated indicators were identified in the population of Hunan in above mentioned three periods. Time trends of age-specific mortality rate were assessed by fitting curvilinear regression lines and the increase rates of mortality with age were analyzed in each period. Results The standard all-cause mortality of residents in Hunan decreased ( x~2 = 189. 947, P < 0. 001, x~2 = 54. 201, P <0. 001 ; x~2 = 27 396. 898, P < 0. 001 ) while the standard mortality for CVD increased ( x~2 = 54. 201, P <0. 001;x~2 = 27 396. 898 ,P < 0. 001 ) from 1973 to 2005. The age-specific mortality rate for CVD increased with age in all three periods, especially for citizens older than 60 years. There were age stages in each period in which the mortality increase rate was the fastest (10 -14 and 15 -19 years old in 1973 -1975; 10 -14,15 - 19 and over 80 years old in 1990 - 1992 ; 15 - 19 and over 80 years old in 2004-2005 ). Exponential regression function ((y), = b_0e~(b1x)) can be used for the proper description of age-specific mortality change. The ratio of YPLL for CVD in all death causes showed increase trend ( x~2 = 275 630. 407, P < 0. 001 ). YPLL rate (YPLLs per 1000) in 1973 -1975 was higher than those in 1990 -1992 and 2004 -2005. YPLL rate was positively correlated with mortality in all periods. Conclusions The mortality for CVD increased with time and aging. People older than 60 years were threatened by CVD mostly. Mortality trend analysis also found higher CVD deaths in people age 15 - 19 in Hunan residents.

Objective To study the bioavailability and bioequivalence of erythromycin ethylsuccinate granules in healthy male volunteers.Methods In a randomized two-period crossover study,20 healthy male volunteers received single 500 mg test and reference formulations of erythromyein ethylsuccinate granules.The plasma concentrations of erythromycin were assayed by microbiological method.Results The parameters of test and reference preparations were as follows:T_(max)(0.86?0.22)and (0.80?0.13)h,C_(max)(2.13?0.64)and(2.16?0.61)mg/L,t_(1/2)(2.04?0.2)and(1.97?0.4)h,AUC_(0-t)(4.96?1.73)and(4.63?1.52)mg?h/L,respectively.There was no significant difference between the two preparations.The rela- tive bioavailahility of the test granules was(109.1?22.8)%.Conclusions The two preparations of erythromycin ethylsucci- nate granules are bioequivalent.

Acetaminophen (APAP, also known as paracetamol)-induced liver injury is the leading cause of drug-induced liver injury in the world. Wuzhi Tablet (WZ, an ethanol extract of Schisandra sphenanthera) is widely used in clinical practice to protect liver function. Our previous studies have shown that pretreatment with WZ for 3 days can significantly protect against APAP-induced liver injury; however, the effect of different intervals between APAP and WZ treatment on APAP-induced liver injury remains unclear. In this study, the change in liver injury indexes, APAP metabolites, and the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes after treatment with WZ and APAP at different intervals were determined. The animal experiment was reviewed and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Sun Yat-sen University. The results show that 0 h, 0.5 h, and 2 h pretreatment with WZ significantly protected against APAP-induced liver injury in mice, as evidenced by a significant decrease in biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and malonaldehyde (MDA). WZ inhibited the metabolic activation of APAP mediated by CYP450 enzymes and reduced the formation of APAP metabolites. This study further demonstrates that pretreatment with WZ at different intervals (0 h, 0.5 h, and 2 h before APAP dosing) exerts a significant hepatoprotective effect against APAP-induced liver injury, and a single-dose of WZ inhibits the activity of CYP450 enzymes related to APAP metabolic activation, thereby protecting against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.

Objective To prepare a new bone-targeted drug of epirubicin-oxidized dextran-alendronate compound,and explore the effect of compound on osteosarcoma cells.Methods (1) Based on Schiff's base theory,we synthesized the compound.(2) We investigated physicochemical character with ultraviolet (UV),infrared (IR),and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR),molecular weight and aldehyde group content in oxidized dextran,alendronate content in oxidized dextran-alendronate compound,epirubicin drug loading capacity in the compound,and rate of charge for three matters,and affinity to bone in vitro though Hydroxyapatite (HA) absorbing test.(3) We investigated the compound's cytotoxicity effect through methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test,apoptosis influence through flow cytometry (FCM).Results (1) There were typical physicochemical characters.(2) Oxidized dextran molecular weight (MW) was 4 251 ± 68,number of average molecular weight (MN) was 2 551 ± 42,and molecular weight distribution width was 1.78.Aldehyde group content of oxidized dextran was (10.41 ± 0.2)mmol/mg,epirubicin drug loading capacity was (5.28 ± 0.23) ％,rate of charge was 5,and 2 ～ 3 between aldehyde group content in oxidized dextran and alendronate (ALN).(3) In the MTT test,epirubicin (EPI)-Dex-ALN,EPI,ALN obviously restrained osteosarcoma cell proliferation,the minimum concentration(μg/ml) was 1,1,and 40; IC50 (μg/ml) of EPI-Dex-ALN,EPI,ALN was 0.142,0.505,0.219; 0.251,0.739,and 0.518; 45.21,27.97,and 18.96 after 24 h,48 h,72 h; in FCM (flow cytometry),apoptosis and necrosis rate of EPI-Dex-ALN,ALN,and Dex was 80.13 ±4.05,97.01 ±2.58,31.53 ±6.9,and 14.01 ±2.51.Conclusions We successfully synthesized a new bone-targeted drug delivery system,which showed better bone affinity in vivo,and kept biological activity with powerful targeted function.

Objective To analyze the application of quality control cycle (QCC) in reducing the false negative rate of minimal residual disease (MRD) of flow cytometry in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods In AML patients with abnormal fusion gene detected in hematology laboratory of Changhai Hospital during the year of 2014, the prevalence of AML-MRD detected both by flow cytometry (FCM) and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) were analyzed retrospectively. The possible causes of false negative rate of flow cytometric MRD referring to PCR were further deeply analyzed, and the improvement measures were adapted from January 2015 to December 2015 and further judged all according to the QCC methods. Results Pareto diagram showed that the dilution and coagulation of the specimen, the improper analysis strategy and the incomplete combination of the MRD index [composition ratio:83.3 % (60/72)] were the main factors leading to the leakage of FCM MRD in 2014. The QCC group devised measures to reduce the dilution probability of bone marrow and develop a standard operating procedures (SOP) for sampling and testing, strengthen the maintenance of the flow instrument and more importantly, focused on optimizing the antibody panels and gated strategies referring to the current two main kinds of MRD detection combination modes on the basis of the latest advances published in 2015. Finally, the undetected rate of AML-MRD was reduced by FCM from 14.8 % (72/486) in 2014 to 2.6 % (16/620) in 2015. Conclusions The QCC can effectively reduce the leakage rate of flow cytometric AML MRD, improve the ability of laboratory quality control and the ability to solve problems. Solving problems with QCC is thus worthy of being popularized.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy and safety of methotrexate (MTX),Mifepristone combined with Huayu xiaozheng decoction in the treatment of uterine scar pregnancy. METHODS:86 patients with uterine scar pregnancy were randomly divided into control group(43 cases)and observation group(43 cases). Control group orally received 50 mg ultrasound-guided lo-cal injections of MTX,once a day+50 mg Mifepristone tablet,twice a day;observation group additionally received 100 ml Huayu xiaozheng decoction,twice a day with warm temperature. The treatment course for both groups was 15 d. Clinical efficacy,HCG levels,mass diameter before and after 7,14 and 28 d of treatment,and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were ob-served. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,the difference was sta-tistically significant(P<0.05). HCG levels and mass diameter after 7,14 and 28 d were significantly lower than before,it gradual-ly reduced by time prolonged,and research group was lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05 or P<0.01). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Ultra-sound-guided local injections of MTX combined with Huayu xiaozheng decoction shows good efficacy and safety in the treatment of uterine scar pregnancy.