Objective To observe the effects of polysaccharide extracted from Yangwei Mixture on immunologic functions in mice.Method Immuno-suppressant mice model was established by intraperitoneal injection of CTX.The effects of the polysaccharide were observed through phagocytosis test of mice celiac macrophagocyte and serum hemolysin level test as well as lymphocyte transformation test.Result The polysaccharide can obviously increase the percentage of phagocytosis of mice celiac macrophagocyte,accelerate the formation of hemolysin and promote the lymphocyte transformation.Conclusion Polysaccharide extracted from Yangwei Mixture is a good immuno-stimulant,and can counteract the immuno-suppression induced by CTX.

OBJECTIVETo study the roles of stromal interaction molecule 2 (STIM2) and transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3) in extracellular Ca(2+)-sensing receptor (CaR)-induced extracellular Ca2+ influx and the production of nitric oxide (NO) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).

METHODS(1) The interaction of STIM2 and TRPC3 was determined using the immunofluorescence technique. (2) The expressions of STIM2 and TRPC3 genes were silenced in HUVEC by transfection constructed STIM2 and TRPC3 RNA interference plasmids. The interference efficiency of STIM2, TRPC3 protein and mRNA levels were determined by Western blot and real time RT-PCR, respectively. (3) The second to fifth passage of HUVEC were divided into: STIM2-002 short hairpin RNA (STIM2-002 shRNA ) + spermine + Ca2+ group and TRPC3-004 short hairpin RNA (TRPC3-004 shRNA ) + spermine + Ca2+ group; control group (spermine + Ca2+ group) and vehicle+ spermine + Ca2+ group. The four groups of cells were incubated with CaR agonist spermine, the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was detected using the fluorescence Ca2+ indicator Fura-2/AM, and the production of NO was determined by DAF-FM (NO fluorescent probe) of each group in HUVEC.

RESULTS(1) Immunofluorescence technique results showed that STIM2 and TRPC3 proteinswere present in the cytoplasm of HUVEC. (2) The results of transfection constructed STIM2 and TRPC3 RNA interference plasmids demonstrated that shRNA targeted to the STIM2 and TRPC3 genes decreased STIM2 and TRPC3 mRNA levels by 88.2% and 74.0%, respectively (P < 0.05), simultaneously, the STIM2 and TRPC3 protein levels were decreased by 79.9% and 71.8%, respectively (P < 0.05). (3) Compared with spermine + Ca2+ group, the [Ca2+]i and the net NO fluorescence intensity of spermine + Ca(2+) + ShSTIM2-002 group, spermine + Ca(2+) + ShTRPC3-004 group and spermine + Ca2+ Vehicle group were not changed (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTIM2 and TRPC3 do not participate in CaR-mediated Ca2+ influx and NO production individually.

Calcium ; metabolism ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; physiology ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Stromal Interaction Molecule 2 ; TRPC Cation Channels ; physiology

Objective To investigate the role of CD4~+CD25~+ Treg cells on the pathogenesis of ankylos- ing spondylitis(AS), and to study the machanism of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-?blocker on the treatment of AS by detecting the number of CD4~+D25~+ Treg cells before and after the treatment. Methods The diagno- sis of 10 AS patients was made based on the 1984 modified New York criteria. The patients received subcuta- neou injection of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor-Fc fusion protein(rhTNFR-Fc)(etaner- cept)50 mg weekly for 8 weeks and 10 heathy subjects were enrolled for control. The mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood in beth patients and controls. The number of CD4~+CD25~+ T cells and CD4~+ CD25~(high)T cells and the expression of CTLA-4. were detected by flow cytometry. Results The proportion of CD4~+CD25~+ T cells(24?19)% in total CD4~+ T lymphocytes of peripheral blood and CD4~+CD25~(high)T/CD4~+ T (6?6)% from AS patients before treated with rhTNFR-Fc was higher than that in healthy volunteers and AS patients after treatment(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the tongue movement during swallowing in skeletal Class III adult patients using M-mode ultrasonography combined with cushion scanning technique.

METHODSTongue movement during swallowing in 20 skeletal Class III adult patients (11 females, 9 males, mean age 20.5 years) and 11 healthy adults (8 females, 3 males, mean age 23.5 years) was examined with M-mode ultrasonography combined with cushion scanning technique. The results were compared.

RESULTSCompared with mature swallowed, the skeletal Class III adult patients had longer phase 2 [(0.24 +/- 0.07) s], phase 3 [(1.17 +/- 0.21) s], longer total duration [(1.98 +/- 0.24) s], faster speed in phase 1 [(3.20 +/- 1.30) mm/s], and smaller range in phase 5 [(0.38 +/- 0.28) mm].

CONCLUSIONSThe skeletal Class III adult patients had distinctly different tongue movements during swallowing.

Adolescent ; Case-Control Studies ; Deglutition ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Tongue ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the value of ultrasound-guided liver biopsy for infantile hepatitis syndrome regarding diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.Methods Fifty children with infantile hepatitis syndrome hospitalized in Guiyang Maternal and Child Hospital during Aug.2010 to May 2012 were involved in this study.Ultrasoundguided liver biopsies were performed to evaluate the inflammation grade and fibrosis stage.Immunohistochemical staining was used for pathogen diagnosis.The clinical outcomes were followed-up.Results Thirty-four cases (68％)were CMV infection,6 cases(12％) were vanishing bile duct syndrome,4 cases(8％) were chronic intrauterine infection,4 cases(8％) were congenital anomaly of bilirubin metabolism,and 2 cases (4％) were obstructive cholangitis.All 50 cases showed mild inflammation at portal area(G1-G2 grade).All 50 cases exhibited liver fibrosis.Sixteen cases were S1 stage,20 cases were S2 stage,8 cases were S3 stage and 6 cases were S4 stage.Pathogen analysis:all 50 cases showed intrahepatic cholestasis:38 cases were diffuse cholestasis,and 12 cases were moderate cholestasis.Treatment:all cases were treated using 2-week heteropathy; antivirus was used for CMV infected cases,thus 39 cases were finally cured,9 cases were relieved,and 2 cases were ineffective.Conclusion Liver biopsy is valuable for diagnosis,treatment and prognosis infantile hepatitis syndrome.

The change in plasma ghrelin level after 4-and 12-week adjunctive therapy of rosiglitazones in type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled by sulphonylurea alone was observed and the relation between ghrelin and insulin resistance was analysed.The results showed that rosiglitazones significantly increased circulating ghrelin level and obviously decreased insulin resistance index after therapy for 4 and 12 weeks in type 2 diabetic patients.

PURPOSE: Insufficient sensitivity and specificity prevent the use of most existing biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer. Recently, it was reported that serum microRNAs (miRNAs) may be potential biomarkers in many cancer diseases. In this study, we investigated whether serum levels of 5 miRNAs including miR-21, miR-125b, miR-145, miR-155, and miR-365 could discriminate breast cancer patients and healthy controls. METHODS: Serum levels of miRNAs were measured by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 99 breast cancer patients and 21 healthy controls. The abundance change of serum miRNAs were also evaluated following surgical resection in 20 breast cancer patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers. RESULTS: Serum levels of miR-21 and miR-155 was significantly higher, while miR-365 was significantly lower in breast cancer as compared with healthy controls. The serum levels of miR-21 and miR-155 significantly decreased following surgical resection. Additionally, the serum level of miR-155 at stages I and II was significantly higher compared to stage III. The serum miR-145 level was remarkably higher in progesterone receptor (PR)-positive patients than PR-negative. The positivity of miR-21, miR-155, and miR-365 was high compared to CA 153 and CEA in breast cancer. ROC curve analyses of a combination of miR-21, miR-155, and miR-365 yielded much higher area under curve and enhanced sensitivity and specificity in comparison to each miRNA alone. CONCLUSION: The combination of serum miR-21/miR-155/miR-365 may potentially serve as a sensitive and specific biomarker that enables differentiation of breast cancer from healthy controls.
Area Under Curve ; Biomarkers ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Progesterone ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To investigate the relations of absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC) to the therapeutic responses in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after the first course of decitabine (DAC) treatment.Methods Clinical data of 35 patients with MDS and MDS-derived secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who were admitted in the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from Jan.2014 to Dec.2016 and treated with DAC were included in the present study.The patients were grouped into high lymphocyte group (H-Lym,ALC ≥ 1.2 × 109/L) and low lymphocyte group (L-Lym,ALC＜1.2 × 109/L) based on the ALC in days 28-35 after the first course of DAC treatment.The baseline data of both groups were compared with Pearson x2 analysis,while t test was used to analyze the changes of lymphocyte number before and after the first course of DAC treatment.Progressionfree survival (PFS) was estimated with Kaplan-Meier method,and the cumulative survival (CS) was compared between the two groups using log-rank test.Results Of the 35 patients,15 were in H-Lym group and 20 in L-Lym group.No significant difference existed in the baseline lymphocyte levels between the two groups (P＞0.05).The statistically significant differences (P＜0.05) existed only in the patients of the two groups who were with the proportion of bone marrow blasts ≥ 10％.The ALC in H-Lym group were slightly higher after the first course of DAC treatment than that at the time of diagnosis,but with no statistically significant (P＞0.05).However,the ALC in L-Lym group were significantly lower after the first course of DAC treatment than that at the time of diagnosis (P＜0.05).Patients had higher overall response rate (ORR) in H-Lym group than in L-Lym group (80％ vs.40％,P＜0.05).The median PFS was 10 months in H-Lym group and 7.6 months in L-Lym group (P＜0.05).Univariate analysis showed that the low ALC was a poor prognostic factor for the progression ofMDS (P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with ALC ≥ 1.2 × 109/L after the first course of DAC treatment will have better ORR and longer PFS.

Sleep deprivation (SD) has a profound impact on the central nervous system, resulting in an array of mood disorders, including depression and anxiety. Despite this, the dynamic alterations in neuronal activity during sleep deprivation have not been extensively investigated. While some researchers propose that sleep deprivation diminishes neuronal activity, thereby leading to depression. Others argue that short-term sleep deprivation enhances neuronal activity and dendritic spine density, potentially yielding antidepressant effects. In this study, a two-photon microscope was utilized to examine the calcium transients of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) neurons in awake SD mice in vivo at 24-hour intervals. It was observed that SD reduced the frequency and amplitude of Ca2+ transients while increasing the proportions of inactive neurons. Following the cessation of sleep deprivation, neuronal calcium transients demonstrated a gradual recovery. Moreover, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings revealed a significant decrease in the frequency of spontaneous excitatory post-synaptic current (sEPSC) after SD. The investigation also assessed several oxidative stress parameters, finding that sleep deprivation substantially elevated the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), while simultaneously decreasing the expression of Nuclear Factor erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) and activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the ACC. Importantly, the administration of gallic acid (GA) notably mitigated the decline of calcium transients in ACC neurons. GA was also shown to alleviate oxidative stress in the brain and improve cognitive impairment caused by sleep deprivation. These findings indicate that the calcium transients of ACC neurons experience a continuous decline during sleep deprivation, a process that is reversible. GA may serve as a potential candidate agent for the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate distribution specificity of human fucosyltransferase 5 (FUT5) as well as its expression and localization in spermatids. METHODS: Human semen, vaginal swab, saliva and venous blood from healthy individuals were collected. The spermatids were isolated and the spermatid membrane protein was then extracted. Expression levels of FUT5 from human spermatid membrane, seminal plasma, vaginal fluid, saliva and serum were detected by immunoblotting technique. The expression and localization of FUT5 in spermatids were analyzed by immunofluorescent method. RESULTS: Immunoblotting technique showed that FUT5 was expressed on spermatid membranes and in serum, but not in seminal plasma, vaginal fluid and saliva. The expressed FUT5 on spermatids was mostly localized on head of spermatids by fluorescent microscopy, suggesting that there was certain amount of FUT5 on human spermatid membrane, and the spermatids might be isolated from mixed stains with vaginal fluid by antigen-antibody reaction. CONCLUSION Human FUT5 shows a characteristic distribution specificity, and this feature may be used for identification of mixed stain involved in criminal sexual offence in future forensic practice.
Cell Membrane/metabolism* ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique/methods* ; Forensic Genetics/methods* ; Fucosyltransferases/metabolism* ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Male ; Saliva/metabolism* ; Semen/metabolism* ; Spermatids/metabolism* ; Vagina/metabolism*