In order to evaluate the characteristics of the spray drying of total flavonoids of Epimedium extracts assisted with soybean polysaccharide, a certain percentage of soybean polysaccharide or polyvidone were added to the total flavonoids of Epimedium extract to conduct the spray drying. The effect of soybean polysaccharides against the wall sticking effect of the spray drying was detected, as well as the powder property of total flavonoids of Epimedium spray drying powder and the dissolution in vitro behavior of the effective component. Compared with the total flavonoids of Epimedium spray drying powder, soybean polysaccharide revealed a significant anti-wall sticking effect. The spray drying power which had no notable change in the grain size made a increase in the fluidity, improvement in the moisture absorption and remarkable rise in the dissolution in vitro behavior. It was worth further studying the application of soybean polysaccharide in spray drying power of traditional Chinese medicine.
Epimedium ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Particle Size ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; Powders ; Soybeans ; chemistry

In order to study the spectral reflectance differences of Glycyrrhizae Radix under different growth conditions and lay the foundation for quantitative monitoring of Glycyrrhizae Radix remote sensing images, spectra of Glycyrrhiza species under different growth period and different varieties and different regions were measured by a portable spectrometer. The results showed that the reflectivity of annual G. uralensis was obviously higher than that of the two years plant in the visible light band own to the contents of crown layer chlorophyll. The reflectivity of two years G. pallidiflora was higher than that of G. uralensis in the near infrared band own to the leaf area index and the content of leaf water. The red edge spectrum of annual plant fluctuated largely than that of two years plant due to vegetation coverage and leaf area index. G. pallidiflora grew well than G. uralensis. Under different regions of the Glycyrrhiza species, spectral data analysis showed that within a certain range, the average annual precipitation and average annual evaporation were the major factors to affect the differences of Glycyrrhiza species spectral data under different regions owe to the leaf water content, the higher leaf water content, the lower spectral reflectance. The principal component analysis and continuum-removed method of the spectral data under different regions found that, within a certain range, the average annual precipitation and average annual evaporation were the major factors caused by the differences of Glycyrrhiza species spectral data under the different regions, Glycyrrhiza species spectral similarity related to the spatial distance.
Geography ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Principal Component Analysis ; Spectrum Analysis

0.01),which were significantly different from group Ⅲ(P

Objective To evaluate clinical outcomes of treating displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures with Orthofix external fixation (EF) in comparison with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).Methods Between February 2013 and December 2014,39 patients with 41 calcaneal fractures were treated operatively and fully followed up at our department.They were 27 men and 12 women,aged from 27 to 56 years(average,42.5 years).The left foot was affected in 15 cases and the right in 26.By the Sanders classification,there were 11 cases of type Ⅱ,22 ones of type Ⅲ and 8 ones of type Ⅳ.The 5 open fractures were Gustilo type Ⅰ (2 cases) and Gustilo type Ⅱ (3 cases).Of the 11 fractures complicated with soft tissue injury,4 were Tscherne-Oestern type Ⅰ and 7 Tscherne-Oestern type Ⅱ.The patients were divided into group EF (25 cases) and group ORIF (16 cases) according to the operation they had received.The 2 groups were compared in intraoperative indexes and follow-up radiological data.The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores for ankle and hindfoot were recorded at the final follow-up for every patient.Results The mean duration of surgery,intraoperative bleeding,time for hospitalization and bone healing in group EF were significantly less than in group ORIF (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in follow-up duration,AOFAS score,Bthler angle,Gissane angle,calcaneal axis,calcaneal horizontal length,tuberosity height,hillock calcaneal height,calcaneal width,or talar inclination angle (P ＞ 0.05).According to the AOFAS scores at the final follow-ups,15 cases were rated as excellent,8 as good and 2 as fair in group EF while 10 were rated as excellent,5 as good and one as fair in group ORIF.Conclusions All types of calcaneal fracture can be treated using Orthofix external fixation which may lead to advantages of earlier surgery regardless of soft tissue condition,minimal invasiveness with less devascularization to the calcaneus and decreased risk of complications,and good clinical outcomes.

Objective To investigate the incidence of auditory nerve pathway injury complicated with cere- bral palsy(CP) and its related factors relationship between the incidence rate of it and sexes,classification and risk factors. Methods The clinical data of 272 children with CP,including the data of brainstem auditory evoked po- tentials,were retrospectively reviewed.The incidence of auditory nerve pathway injury and the related factors were analyzed.Results In the 272 CP children,the incidence of auditory nerve pathway injury was 29.8% (81:272), which had a significantly relationship with the clinical types of CP (P0.05).In addition,it was found that the pathological jaundice (OR=2.945,95% CI:1.649-5.260) and intrauterine infection (OR=3.319,95% CI:1.037-10.625) were significantly related to auditory nerve pathway injury. Conclusion The auditory nerve pathway injury is common in CP children,especially in those with athetosis and mixed CP.Pathological jaundice and intrauterine infection are the risk factors of auditory nerve pathway injury.

Objective To evaluate the effect of fractional Er:YAG laser therapy on collagen and elastic fibers in photoaged skin of ultraviolet-irradiated Guinea pigs.Methods Sixty Guinea pigs were randomly divided into the non-intervention group (n =10) and model group (n =50) by a random number table.To establish a model of photoaging,the 50 Guinea pigs were irradiated by ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB) on the back every other day for two months.Subsequently,the 50 mice were equally classified into five groups:photoaging group receiving no laser therapy,as well as 2-week,4-week,8-week and 12-week group receiving one,one,two and three sessions of successive multi-pulsed fractional Er:YAG laser therapy,respectively,on the left side (treatment side) of the back,with the right side as the control side.The interval of laser therapy was four weeks.Skin biopsies were obtained from the right and left side of the back of Guinea pigs after the laser therapy,and subjected to haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining,Masson staining and Weigert-van Gieson staining.The content of hydroxyproline was measured by using an alkaline-hydrolysis method.Results The minimal erythema dose for UVA and UVB was 4224 mJ/cm2 and 504 mJ/cm2 respectively on Guinea pig skin.The model for photoaging was successfully established in 50 Guinea pigs after two months of irradiation with the cumulative dose of UVA and UVB being 459.36 J/cm2 and 54.81 J/cm2 respectively.HE staining revealed an obvious increase in newly-growing collagen and elastic fibers,which were arranged densely,in the treatment side compared with the control side of the back of Guinea pigs after laser therapy.The area ratio of collagen fibers stained positive for Masson's trichrome and content of hydroxyproline were significantly higher in the treatment side than in the control side of the 12-week group (0.70 ± 0.12 vs.0.63 ± 0.08,t =1.18,P ＜ 0.05;(4.73 ± 0.39) mg/g vs.(3.66 ± 0.85) mg/g,t =3.40,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Successive multi-pulsed fractional Er:YAG laser irradiation can result in an increase in collagen fibers and renewal of elastic fibers in superficial dermis of photoaged skin of Guinea pigs.

Altitude ; Altitude Sickness ; Animals ; Hypoxia ; Iron ; Mice ; Spleen

Drynaria fortunei (Kunze) is a common medicine in department of orthopaedics and traumaology, more researches about it recently, including basic theory, pharmaco and clinical study.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Humans ; Osteoarthritis ; drug therapy ; Osteoblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; Polypodiaceae ; chemistry

Pharmaceutical preparations, particularly as a "secret recipe" of traditional Chinese medicine in medical institutions, are the product of China's medical and health industry, and they are also an important means of competing of different medical institutions. Although pharmaceutical preparations have advantages and characteristics than institutes for drug and pharmaceutical companies, the quality standards of pharmaceutical preparations in medical institutions has not reached the desired level over the years. As we all know, the quality of pharmaceutical preparations is important to ensure the efficacy, especially under the environment of people pay more sttention on drug safety and effectiveness and contry increase emphasis on the stste of pharmaceutical preparations. In view of this, we will improve the grade, stability, and clinical efficacy of pharmaceutical preparations by the advanced equipment, testing instruments and the process dynamic quality control technology. Finally, we hope we can provide new ideas for the quality control of pharmaceutical preparations.
Drug Compounding ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Quality Control

Objective To study the influencing factors and quality control of chromosome preparation during chromosome aberration test in vitro,and to summarize and analyze the method and key points of successful preparation of chromosome specimens in vitro. Methods Chinese hamster lung cells(CHL)were used for cell culture and chromosome preparation. Mitomycin and cyclophosphamide were used as positive mutagens. After routine hypotonic treatment,fixation, and squash preparation, finally, to read the film under the microscope. Results The CHL chromosome aberration test showed that both the chromosome aberration rates of mitomycin- and cyclophosphamide-treated cells were significantly increased(>20%),while the aberration rates in the negative control group were less than 5%, either with and without metabolic activation. The success rate was high and the prepared chromosomes were well dispersed with a moderate length. Conclusions Many factors can affect the specimen preparation in chromosome aberration test. Every step is very important,and it should be strictly following the operating procedures. It is of importance to grasp the principle of each step and to operate carefully,patiently and scientifically in order to prepare good specimens.