· AIM:To investigate the prevalence and related factors of dry eye in primary school pupils in Lanzhou,Gansu Province.· METHODS:From October to November 2016,1347 pupils in two primary schools in Lanzhou,Gansu Province,were randomly selected as subjects.Every pupil was carried on the questionnaire of dry eye and eye inspection to confirm the diagnosis of dry eye.Besides,the prevalence and influencing factors of dry eye in pupils were analyzed by chi-square test,Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression model.· RESULTS:A total of 1 268 pupils took part in this study and the inclusion ratio was 94.14％;271 individuals were diagnosed as dry eye,and the prevalence rate was 21.37％.Statistical analysis showed that the risk factors of dry eye were male,senior pupils,often using eye drops,poor reading habits,wearing contact lenses,video terminals last for a long time,learning pressure.· CONCLUSION:Dry eye has become one of the main diseases that plagued pupil's life and learning.It should cause wide attention.Considering the above factors,rational use of eye and improve lifestyle will help to reduce the damage to eye of pupils.

OBJECTIVETo study on the Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome distribution of ulcerative colitis (UC) and the distribution of CM syndrome types at different staging periods.

METHODSFrom March 2007 to April 2010, 110 UC out- or inpatients at the Department of Digestive Diseases of Guangzhou Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were recruited. The patients' symptoms were calculated. The systematic clustering was used. The symptom was taken as the variable in the clustering. The syndrome types were confirmed according to the clustering results. The syndrome typing was performed and its results were analyzed.

RESULTSThere were 64 main symptoms in UC patients, including diarrhea, mushy stool, watery stool, abdominal pain, and bloody stool. Seventy cases belonged to the active period and 40 to the remission period. The UC syndrome types were sequenced from high to low as the dampness-heat of Dachang syndrome, Pi-Wei qi deficiency syndrome, Gan depression and Pi deficiency syndrome, Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome, blood stasis in the intestinal collaterals syndrome, yin and blood deficiency syndrome. There was statistical difference in the case number among different syndrome types (P < 0.05). In the active period, dominated were the dampness-heat of Dachang syndrome (28 cases, 25.5%), Gan depression and Pi deficiency syndrome (14 cases, 12.7%), and blood stasis in the intestinal collaterals syndrome (10 cases, 9.0%). In the remission period, dominated were Pi-Wei qi deficiency syndrome (18 cases, 16.4%) and Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome (10 cases, 9.0%), showing statistical difference (P<0.05). The typical symptoms of patients of the dampness-heat of Dachang syndrome were sequenced from high to low as yellow tongue fur (31 cases, 28.1%), tenesmus (26 cases, 23.6%), mucopurulent bloody stool (25 cases, 227%), diarrhea (24 cases, 21.8%), anal burning (24 cases, 21.8%), watery stool (21 cases, 19.0%), abdominal pain (19 cases, 17.2%), red tongue (19 cases, 17.2%), and greasy tongue fur (19 cases, 17.2%). The typical symptoms of patients of Pi-Wei qi deficiency syndrome were sequenced from high to low as tastelessness (25 cases, 22.7%), fine pulse (25 cases, 22.7%), pink tongue (22 cases, 20.0%), eructation (21 cases, 19.1%), hypodynamia (21 cases, 19.1%), loss of appetite (20 cases, 18.2%), and white tongue fur (20 cases, 18.2%). The typical symptoms of patients of Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome were sequenced from high to low as abdominal pain (17 cases, 15. 5%), preference for warmth (17 cases, 15. 5%), diarrhea (16 cases, 14.5%), aggravation while encountering cold (15 cases, 13.6%), white tongue fur (15 cases, 13.6%), pale white tongue (14 cases, 12.7%). The typical symptoms of patients of Gan depression and Pi deficiency syndrome were sequenced from high to low as emotions inducing (18 cases, 16.4%), eructation (16 cases, 14.5%), white tongue coating (16 cases, 14.5%), dry stool before loose stool (15 cases, 13.6%), frequent break wind (15 cases, 13.6%), and frequent sigh (15 cases, 13.6%). The typical symptoms of patients of blood stasis in the intestinal collaterals syndrome were sequenced from high to low as abdominal pain (12 cases, 10.9%), sting (12 cases, 10.9%), soreness of the waist (12 cases, 10.9%), dark red tongue with petechiae (12 cases, 10.9%), thick fur (12 cases, 10.9%). There was statistical difference in the symptom ratio among each syndrome types (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in other symptoms except yin and blood deficiency syndrome (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe dampness-heat of Dachang syndrome, Gan depression and Pi deficiency syndrome, and blood stasis in the intestinal collaterals syndrome were dominated in the UC active period. Pi-Wei qi deficiency syndrome and Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome were dominated in the remission period.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cluster Analysis ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; classification ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Yang Deficiency ; Yin Deficiency ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the clinical features and treatments of pituitary abscess.Method The clinical data of 6 patients with pituitary abscess were examed along with a review of the literature.Results Of 6 patients,headache was presented in 5 patients,hypopituitarism in 4 patients,visual disturbance and/or bitemporal hemianopsia in 4 patients and fever in 1 patient.MRI and CT images showed a cystic sellar lesion with ring enhancement in 5 patients.Preoperative diagnosis of pituitary abscess was made in 2 patients,pituitary adenomas in 3 patients and craniopharyngiomas in 1 patient.All cases were treated surgically by transsphenoidal approach in 5 patients and transscranial in 1 patient.Followed with postoperative antibiotics therapy for 3 weeks,the symptoms were improved postoperatively in all cases.Followed up 8 months to 10 years,1 patient who underwent craniotomy recurred and wag cured by via transsphenoidal surgery.Conclusions The pituitary abscess is easily misdiagnosed.The cystic pituitary lesion should be considered the possibility of pituitary abscess.Transsphenoidal surgery and proper perioperative antibiotics therapy are the keys to the treatment of pituitary abscess.

BACKGROUND: Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a disorder involving the pulmonary circulation resulting from a blockage of the pulmonary artery. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of aspirin on the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity in a rat model of APE. METHODS: A total of 108 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into six groups (n=18 rats per group): control group, sham operation group, APE model group, and low-, medium- and high-dose aspirin groups. Six, 24, and 72 hours after the induction of APE, rats in the low-, medium- and high-dose aspirin groups were given aspirin at a respective daily dose of 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg by gavage for three consecutive days. Rats in the other groups were treated with equal volumes of normal saline. Six rats in each group were anesthetized with 10％ chloral hydrate solution at each time point, and then the lung tissues were colected and analyzed using immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Positive immunohistochemical staining was present in the bronchial epithelial cells, alveolar cells, macrophages, and surrounding bronchial smooth muscle cells. When compared with the APE model group, the number of positive cells was significantly lower in the other groups at each time point (P<0.001). Statistically significant differences were also observed among the aspirin-treated groups at 6 hours (P<0.05,P<0.001). Compared with the APE model group, NF-κB protein expression was reduced in the other groups at each time point (P<0.05,P<0.001). Rats from the APE model group had thrombosis, damaged alveolar walls, and pulmonary hemorrhage, along with different degrees of infl ammatory cellular infiltration at each time point. However, pathological changes such as pulmonary hemorrhage and infiltration of inflammatory cells were attenuated after the aspirin treatment. CONCLUSION: Aspirin can significantly inhibit NF-κB activity in the lung of rats with APE in a dose-dependent manner, and can alleviate lung injury after APE.

Gene Expression Profiling ; Hep G2 Cells ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Transfection

AIM:To investigate the effect of Eph receptor A2 (EphA2) on drug resistance of colorectal carci-noma cells and its possible mechanisms .METHODS:Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of EphA2 at mRNA and protein levels in LoVo and LoVo/5-FU cells.EphA2 siRNA was transfected to down-regulate the EphA2 expression in LoVo/5-FU cells, and the drug sensitivity was calculated by CCK-8 assay.Meanwhile, cell migration and invasion were measured by wound healing assay and Transwell assay , and the protein levels of E-cadherin,β-catenin, N-cadherin, vimentin, Notch and Snail were determined by Western blot .RESULTS: The expression of EphA2 at both mRNA and protein levels was significantly up-regulated in LoVo/5-FU cells (P<0.05).Knockdown of EphA2 suppressed the cell viability, and migration and invasion abilities , but promoted drug sensitivity of LoVo/5-FU cells.Up-regulation of E-cadherin and β-catenin, and down-regulation of N-cadherin and vimentin were observed , indicating that the epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT) process was suppressed .Knockdown of EphA2 decreased the expression levels of Notch and Snail.CONCLUSION:Down-regulation of EphA2 partly reverses drug resistance of LoVo/5-FU cells.The mechanism may be related to suppressing cell growth , migration, invasion and EMT process via Notch/Snail signaling pathway .

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the significance of a panel of immunohistochemical markers for distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

METHODSTen markers including hepatocyte paraffin 1 (Hep Par 1), polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen (pCEA), CD34, CD10, CD105, multidrug resistance-associated protein-3 (MRP-3), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), mucinous glycoprotein-1 (MUC-1), aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) and CK19 were immunohistochemically stained in the samples from 90 surgically resected HCC and 80 ICC, respectively,and the positive rate of their expression were compared statistically.

RESULTSThe positive expression rates of Hep Par 1, pCEA, CD34, CD10, CD105, MRP-3, COX-2 were 85.6%, 82.2%, 87.8%, 18.9%, 8.9%, 11.1% and 48.9%, respectively, in HCC. While the positive expression rates of MUC-1, AQP-1 and CK19 were 73.8%, 65% and 92.5%, respectively, in ICC.

CONCLUSIONBased on our results, Hep Par 1 and CD34 can be used as the first line markers, and pCEA and COX-2 as the second line makers, for differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. While MUC-1 and CK19 can be used as the first line markers and AQP-1 as the second one for the differential diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma from hepatocellular carcinoma.

Bile Duct Neoplasms ; chemistry ; diagnosis ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; chemistry ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; chemistry ; diagnosis ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; chemistry ; diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hepatocytes ; chemistry ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver Neoplasms ; chemistry ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged

The study was aimed to investigate the application value of interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on cell smears in hematological diseases. Both interphase FISH on peripheral blood smears and bone marrow smears treated by methanol/acetic acid, and routine interphase FISH of bone marrow cells dropped on slides were done at the same time, in order to detect Ph chromosome by BCR/ABL dual color, dual fusion probe in 20 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia which had been proven to display Ph chromosome positive. The results indicated that as compared with routine interphase FISH, the interphase FISH on cell smears could also offer reliable result. It is concluded that interphase FISH on cell smears is a kind of reliable and time-saving technique, which is also suitable for retrospective research and worthy to further apply in clinic.
Adult ; Aged ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; methods ; Female ; Hematologic Diseases ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Interphase ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

The research aimed to evaluate the intestinal absorption of alkaloids extracted by decoction and alcohol extraction proces- ses from Rhizoma Coptidis-Rheum rhabarum herbal pair via everted gut sacs. Berberine, palmatine, coptisine and epiberberine were the main alkaloids in this herbal pair and taken as the standard indexes in the quantitative analysis with multi-components by single marker (QAMS) method, in order to calculate absorption rate constant (Ka) and evaluate intestinal absorption characteristics of these four alkaloids extracted by different extraction methods in different intestinal segments in rats. The results showed that the four alkaloids extracted by two different processes in high, medium and low doses had linear absorption properties in the small intestine segment, which conformed to zero-order absorption rate, intestinal segment than 0.99. The absorption rate constant (Ka) of decoction group was higher than that of alcohol extraction group.
Alkaloids ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rheum ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo examine the effect of exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF EMFs) on the liver function of workers.

METHODSThe workers in a factory were selected as subjects, and the recent physical examination data of these workers were collected. The workers aged 20∼40 years and with more than 2 years' working experience were included for analysis; considering the intensity of electromagnetic field, the workers exposed to less electromagnetic radiation were assigned to exposure I group (n = 123), those exposed to more electromagnetic radiation to exposure II group (n = 229), and those not exposed to electromagnetic radiation to control group (n = 212). There were no significant differences in sex, age, height, and body weight between the three groups (P > 0.05). Physical examination, including measurements of direct bilirubin (DBil), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and albumin, was performed in a health examination center. The intensity of electromagnetic field was measured by EFA-300 power frequency electromagnetic field analyzer, and the intensity of noise by AWA5610D integrating sound level meter.

RESULTSThe intensities of electric field and the magnetic field in exposure II group were significantly higher than those in the exposure I group. The levels of ALT, ALP, AST, GGT and albumin in exposure II group were significantly higher than those in exposure I group and control group. However, the level of direct bilirubin in exposure II group was significantly lower than that in exposure I group and control group.

CONCLUSIONOccupational exposure to ELF EMFs may affect human liver function.

Adult ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Young Adult