This article introduced the experiences of nongovernmental capital running hospitals in US,Germany,India and Israel and put forward some suggestions that need to be considered in China, such as innovating supply model of health care service,treating social capital running hospitals equally and strengthening supervision.

Angiography ; methods ; Coronary Angiography ; methods ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; methods ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; therapeutic use ; Camptothecin ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Rectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Remission Induction

Objective To evaluate the kinetics of peripheral blood cells in DTC patients before and after 131I treatment.Methods A total of 64 patients were divided into 2 groups with different therapeutic doses:high-dose group (3.70-5.55 GBq,n =24) and low-dose group (1.11 GBq,n =40).The WBC,neutrophils (NEUT),lymphocytes (LY),RBC and PLT were counted before operation,before 131I treatment,and on 3 d and 7 d after 131I treatment.One-way analysis of variance and two-sample t test were used to analyze the data.Results The counts of WBC and NEUT in both groups along with the LY in high-dose group varied significantly before,and on 3 d and 7 d after 131I treatment(WBC:high-dose group,(6.30±1.04),(8.86±2.07),(6.59±1.64) × 109/L;low-dose group,(6.65±1.48),(10.17±3.04),(7.17± 1.57) ×109/L; NEUT:high-dose group,(3.75±0.88),(6.42± 1.91),(4.53± 1.54) × 109/L; low-dose group,(3.88±0.90),(7.12±2.77),(4.40±1.17) × 109/L;LY:(2.11±0.67),(2.06±0.74),(1.59±0.49) × 109/L;F values:3.88 to 30.20,all P＜0.05).The counts of WBC and NEUT in both groups were significantly higher on 3 d after 131I treatment than that before treatment (all P＜0.05).The counts of WBC and NEUT in both groups along with the LY in high-dose group decreased significantly on 7 d compared to that on 3 d after 131I treatment (all P＜0.05).The counts of LY in high-dose group also significantly decreased on 7 d after 131I treatment than before treatment(P＜0.05).The counts of RBC before 131I treatment and LY on 7 d after 131I treatment were significantly different between the 2 groups(t=2.36,-4.30,both P＜0.05).Compared with the counts before operation,LY,RBC and PLT were significantly higher (t values:from-4.92 to-2.45,all P＜0.05) during hypothyroid state induced by thyroxine withdrawal before 131I treatment.Conclusions Short-term kinetics of WBC and NEUT present as an increase first followed by a decrease after 131I treatment; while LY of high-dose group presents as a gradually decrease.Hypothyroid state induced by levo-thyroxine withdrawal leads to increased counts of LY,RBC and PLT before 131I treatment.

N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl) adenosine, HEA (1), an active ingredient isolated from cultured mycelia of cordyceps species which is a famous traditional tonic in China, showed brain protective, sedative hypnotic activity in pharmacological tests. In order to explore novel non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic agents, HEA was treated as the lead compound. Twenty three target compounds were designed and synthesized. Their chemical structures were characterized by 1H NMR, MS and elemental analysis. Pharmacological test in vivo showed that target compounds 8, 4, 13 were more active than HEA on locomotor and gasping activities of mice. Structure-activity relationships showed that the ribose moiety at N-9 position of adenine base was critical for activity.

Objective To investigate the effects of intranasal administration of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) on expressions of nestin and caspase-3 in the perihematomal tissue after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Methods A total 36 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: an HB-EGF group, a control group, and a sham operation group (n = 12 in each group). Then they were further divided into 4-, 7-, and 10-day subgroups (n = 4 in each subgroup). A model of intracerebral hemorrhage was induced by injecting type Ⅳ colagenase. At 1 to 3 days after modeling, the HB-EGF group was intranasaly administrated HB-EGF. The control group was administrated the same volume of saline. The Bederson score was conducted at the corresponding time points and the rats were sacrificed after the forelimb placing test. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of nestin and caspase-3 in the perihematomal tissue. Results The sham operation group did not have neurological deficits. The Bederson scores (P < 0. 05) and the result of forelimb placing test (al P < 0. 01) at day 4 and 7 in the HB-EGFgroup were better than those in the control group. There were no significant differences at day 10. At day 4, 7, and 10, the number of nestin positive cels in the perihematomal tissue in the HB-EGF group was significantly more than that in the control group (al P < 0. 05), and the number of caspase-3 positive cels was less than that in the control group (al P < 0. 01). Conclusions Intranasal administration of HB-EGF can improve the early neurological function, upreguate the nestin expression and downregulate the caspase-3 expression in the perihematomal tissue after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats, indicating that intranasal administration of HB-EGF may promote the proliferation of precursor cels and decrease cel apoptosis in the perihematomal tissue.

Background and purpose: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) is the member of tyrosine kinase receptor family. Its differential expression plays the key role in choosing targeted drug for breast cancer. This study focused on screening the breast cancer cell clones of different HER-2 expression levels, and studying the bi-ological characteristics of these cells. Methods: Breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells were clonally purified, and the expression level of soluble HER-2 (sHER-2) from the culture supernatant was detected by the ECLIA on ADVIA Centaur CP System. Cell clones with high expression (>50.0 ng/mL), medium expression (15.8-50.0 ng/mL) and low expression (<15.8 ng/mL) of sHER-2 were identified, respectively. This study observed the morphological changes of cell strains with differential expression levels of sHER-2 by cell culture. Besides, biological characteristics were compared by a series of experiments in vitro, such as clone formation, scratch assay, and transwell detection. Results: Compared with normal breast cells, sHER-2 was overexpressed significantly in SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. Furthermore, the abilities of clone formation, mobility and invasion of sHER-2 high expression cell strain [(51.3±3.4)%, (50.0±0.6)% and (53.5±4.2)%] were signifi-cantly higher than those of sHER-2 medium expression [(42.0±3.7)%, (19.5±3.4)% and (33.2±3.9)%] or sHER-2 low expression [(26.7±2.9)%, (13.6±1.0)% and (28.9±5.4)%], and the differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Breast cancer cell strain with high expression level of sHER-2 can enhance cell proliferation, promote cell motility and other biological effects, which may lay the foundation for clinical screening of targeted drug therapies for breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the expressions of CXCR4 in Barrett esophagus (BE), esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and its relationship with pathology, clinical staging and lymph node metastasis. Methods The expressions of CXCR4 in 56 cases of normal esophageal mucosa, 80 BE (including 22 BE with multifocal dysplasia), 25 EADC and 48 ESCC were examined with immunohistochemical method. Results CXCR4 was expressed in most samples of BE (80. 8% ), EADC (68. 0% ) and ESCC (78.4%) without significant difference ( P ＞ 0. 05 ), which was significantly higher than that in normal esophageal mucosa (39. 3%, P ＜0. 01 ). The level of CXCR4 expression in BE, EADC or ESCC were not related with gender, age, or location of the foci ( P ＞ 0. 05). There was no significant difference in CXCR4 expression between BE without dysplasia or BE with multifocal dysplasia ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). CXCR4 expression level in well-differentiated EADC was significantly higher than that of mild or poorly differentiated (P ＜ 0. 05 ). CXCR4 expression level was higher in EADC with lymph node metastasis than those without ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). CXCR4 level in ESCC with TNM staging grades Ⅲ -Ⅳ was higher than that of grades Ⅰ - Ⅱ, and this variable was also higher in cases with lymph node metastasis than those without (P ＜ 0. 05), so was the case of well and poorly differentiated ESCC (P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion Increased expression level of CXCR4 may be a common feature of EADC and ESCC, which is irrelevant to pathological types. CXCR4 level rises at the stage of BE, which is associated with the degree of tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and TNM staging. CXCR4 expression is of guiding significance in the diagnosis of BE, EADC and ESCC, and is the potential drug target.

Objective To analyze the etiology in pancreatic pseudocyst (PPC). Methods Medical records were reviewed and analyzed for 366 PPC patients who were admitted in Changhai hospitals from April 2000 to December 2009 in terms. Demographic data, etiology and primary disorders of PPC patients were recorded. Results The causes of 366 patients varied as follow: gallstones in 158 patients (43.2%);idiopathic in 79 (21.6%); alcohol in 50 (13.7%); trauma in 17 (4.6%); pancreatic tumor in 9 (2.5%);hyperlipidemia in 8 (2.2%); post-operative in 7 (1.9%), other in 38 (10.3%). Depending on Atlantes classification systerm the PPCs were classified into acute PPC in 204 patients (64.2%), chronic PPC in 98 patients (30.8%) and abscess in 16 patients (5.0%). The 4 most common causes of acute PPC were gallstones, idiopathic, alcohol and trauma; the 3 most common causes of chronic PPC were gallstones,idiopathic, alcohol. Conclusions Gallstones is the main etiologic cause of the PPCs in China, followed by idiopathic and alcohol, which is significantly different with that in Western countries.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of atlantoaxial pedicle screw instrumentation in treatment of intractable atlantoaxial dislocation in children. Methods A total of 7 patients with intractable atlantoaxial dislocations were treated with aflantoaxial pedicle screw instrumentation plus atlantoaxial bone grafting from June 2002 to January 2001. Results The dislocation in all patients reached complete reduction, with no complications. All patients were followed up for average 10 months (8-14 months). Radiographs showed successful bone fusion in all patients. Conclusion Atlantoaxial pedicle screw fixation and fusion is an effective method for treatment of intractable atlantoaxial dislocation in chil dren.