Recently, it is reported that regulatory T cells (Tregs) can be reprogrammed into a novel population [interleu?kin (IL)-17+Foxp3+T cells] phenotypically and functionally resembling Th17 cells under complicated cytokine circumstanc?es. IL-17+Foxp3+T cells are characterized by production of IL-17 and expression of retinoic acid receptor related orphan re?ceptor (ROR)γt, demonstrating dual functions in immune response and providing novel insight into the interconnection be?tween Tregs and Th17 cells. In this review, we lay emphasis on the phenotype features, origination, differentiation and the pleiotropic functions of IL-17+Foxp3+T cells. Furthermore, we summarized the functions of IL-17+Foxp3+T cells in inflam?matory disease and tumor microenvironment.

A questionnaire survey was conducted among 319 mental health workers from 319 grassroots health institutions of 21 districts (cities,counties) in Chengdu in March 2013.The items of survey included general information of participants,subjective perceptions and status of community mental health services.Total 252 effective questionnaires were received,the average age of participants was (33.12 ± 9.39) years (19-61);59.5％ had clinical medicine and 16.3％ had public health background;most of them had educational levels of three-year college or below (84.9％);the average duration of working experience was 18 months;86.5％ was part-time;most of participants (87.4％) thought that the mental health service was a hard job and only 25.3％ expressed satisfaction with the work.Only 16.3％ of community health service centers had rehabilitation facilities for mental illness patients.Public health education was carried out for average (2.21 ± 1.62) times/year,the education for mental patients and family members was (1.62 ± 1.83) times/year.Between areas with sufficient detection rate of mental illness and those with insufficient detection rate,there was significant difference in training frequency of mental workers (P =0.012),there were no significant differences in having formal employment of mental workers (P =0.064),professional guidance,co-working with police officers,co-working with Disabled Persons' Federation,and the duration of working experience (all P ＞ 0.05).The results suggest that the capacity of mental health service in community levels is relatively weak in Chengdu,and the personnel training,public education and rehabilitation work of mental health need to be strengthened.

As the necessary depletion material in hospitals,sterile packing material shows category diversification when being selected.This paper briefly analyzes the functions and values of domestic common sterile packing material such as pure cotton wrap cloth,hard quality packing container,paper/ plastics packing bag and the crease wrapping paper.Reasonable suggestions are also put forward.

This study was aimed to explore the mechanism of baicalin on high altitude cerebral hypoxia-ischemia on mice and its influence on related target protein expressions. Morris water maze was used to screen 50 Kunming mice, which were randomly divided into the model group, control group, the low dose (0.05 mg·kg-1), middle dose (0.20 mg·kg-1) and high dose (0.60 mg·kg-1) baicalin group, with 10 rats in each group. The space memory and learning ability of mice were tested. The animal cabin with low oxygen (simulating at 4 000 m altitude) was used to establish the stable high altitude cerebral hypoxia-ischemia mouse model. Changes on SOD content, GSH-PX activities and MDA content in hippocampal tissues of mice were detected. The expressions of different target proteins, including cleaved-caspase 3, P-AKT, GFAP, Bax and Bcl-2 in brain stem of mice were detected by western blot. The results showed that the latent period of the model group was obviously longer than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The latent period of high dose baicalin group was shorter than the model group with significant difference (P< 0.05). Therefore, the best effective dose of baicalin was 0.60 mg·kg-1. Compared with the control group, the content of MDA in the hippocampal tissues of mice in the model group was significantly increased; the SOD and GSH-PX activity were obviously reduced (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the SOD and GSH-PX activity were obviously increased in the brain tissues of mice in the high dose baicalin group; and the content of MDA was obviously reduced (P < 0.05). From the level of protein changes, the stripes of cleaved-caspase 3, P-AKT, GFAP protein expressions in the model group were strengthened compared to the control group; the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was also obviously increased (P < 0.05). The expression of the baicalin group was lower than that of the model group (P < 0.05). Among them, the expression of the high dose baicalin group was the lowest. It had certain dose-response relationship. It was concluded that baicalin had protective effect on high altitude cerebral hypoxia-ischemia. Its mechanism may be related to its powerful oxidation resistance and its inhibition on expression of different target proteins, including cleaved-caspase 3, P-AKT, GFAP, Bax, Bcl-2 for the change of apoptotic pathway.

Objective To study the effects of pulmonary function training on the lung function and surgical tolerance of lung cancer patients with different degrees of obstructive ventilatory defect.Methods Pulnonary function training was performed with 103 lung cancer patients with obstructive ventilatory defects (26 mild cases,53 moderate cases,24 severe cases).The duration of the intensive training was 5-7 days.Vital capacity (VC),vital capacity percentage (VC％),forced vital capacity (FVC),forced vital capacity percentage (FVC％),forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1),percentage of the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1％),maximum voluntary ventilation percentage (MVV％),peak expiratory flow percentage (PEF％),fraction of the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1/FVC),and maximum mid-expiratory flow percentage (MMEF％) were measured before and after the training.Any postoperative complications were recorded.Results The average MMEF％ improved significantly among the moderate patients after their training.Eventually 19/26 patients (73.08％) in the mild group,34/53 patients (64.15％) in the moderate group,and 8/24 patients (33.33％) in the severe group met the requirements to undergo lung operations.These were significant differences among the groups.Among those operated on,27 (44.26％) suffered from postoperative complications,a significantly higher percentage than among the normal controls (20.00％).Conclusion Lung function exercises can improve the operation tolerance of lung cancer patients with obstructive ventilation dysfunction,but the risk of operating is still much higher than for patients with normal ventilation function.

Coronary Artery Disease ; complications ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; etiology ; Spasm ; complications

Objective: This study aims to investigate the correlation between the expression of FoxP3, TGF-β1, and epitheli-al-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer and to determine the clinical significance of FoxP3. Methods: The expression of FoxP3, TGF-β1, E-Cadherin, N-Cadherin, Vimentin, and Fibronectin protein were detected in the cancer cells of 74 cases with breast carcinoma via immunohistochemistry. The correlation of FoxP3 protein with clinico-pathologic features of breast carcinoma and the re-lationships among the expressions of FoxP3, TGF-β1, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were analyzed. Results:The ex-pression rates of FoxP3, TGF-β1, and EMT are 36.5%(27/74), 39.2%(29/74), and 40.5%(30/74), respectively. The FoxP3 protein ex-pression in breast cancer is correlated with lymph node metastasis (P<0.05) but not with other clinico-pathological features (P>0.05). The expression of FoxP3 is also correlated with the expression of TGF-β1. Furthermore, TGF-β1 can induce EMT (P<0.05). Conclu-sion:The expression of FoxP3 is correlated with lymph node metastasis and EMT in breast cancer. Therefore, FoxP3 may be a marker for predicting metastasis.

To study the effects of Xifeng Capsule, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, combined with carbamazepine on spontaneous epileptic seizure induced by lithium and pilocarpine in rats and the expression level of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1).

BACKGROUND: It is of significance to imitate facial nerve paralysis of temporal trauma, establish the model of facial nerve paralysis, and study the histopathologic changes of facial muscle after denervation and the effect on rehabilitation of facial muscle function.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between rehabilitation of facial muscle function and the structural changes of mitochondria and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) of oris muscles after denervation.DESIGN: A randomized controlled trail based on experimental animals.SETTING: Department of otolaryngology in a hospital of a university.MATERIALS: The experiments were conducted in the Center of Animal Experiment, the Department of Histoembryology, and the Second Electron Microscope(EM) Center, China Medical University. Sixty white guinea pigs provided by the Center of Animal Experiment, China Medical University [certification No: SCXK (liao) 2003-0009 ], were randomly divided into three groups, 5 s squeezed group( n = 15, 10 tested for the function of facial muscle, 5 for EM specimen 15 days after operation), 15 s squeezed group( n =20, 10 tested, 5 for EM specimen 15 days and 30 days after operation), and 30 s squeezed group( n = 25, 10 tested, 5 for EM specimen 15 days after operation and 10 for EM specimen 30 days after operation).INTERVENTIONS: Models of facial paralysis were established. The threshold of facial nerve was detected with electroneurogram(ENoG) before and after squeezed, and the duration of the functional recovery of facial muscle was observed with blink reflex. Orbicularis oris was taken for SDH cytochemical staining, and the ultrastructural changes of SDH positive reaction granules,mitochondria and muscle fibers were observed under transmission electroscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ENoG threshold value, tine for recovery of facial muscle function, SDH positive reaction granules and ultrastructural changes of mitochondria and muscle fibers.RESULTS: In 5 s squeezed group, the average inhibition time of nerve excitement conduction was(35.2 ± 16.8) minutes, the structure of mitochondria and the positive reaction granules of SDH remained normal, and the muscle fiber had no pathologic changes. In 15 s squeezed group, it took an average of(47 ± 15) days for blink reflect to recover. In 15 s squeezed group of 15 days, the mitochondria showed slight bubble degeneration and the SDH granules decreased and the muscle fiber had slight pathologic changes, but recovered after 30 days. The mitochondria changed severely and SDH granules decreased significantly in 30 s squeezed group of 15 days and 30 days; no case of blink reflect recovered within' half a year.CONCLUSION: The longer the facial nerve is injured, the nore severely the function of facial muscles is damaged, and the more difficultly it will recover. Therefore, facial nerve decompression should be performed as early as possible.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of dissection of pulmonary ligament was operated on videoassisted thoracic surgery(VATS) with bullectomy for spontaneous pneumothorax.Methods From Jan 2012 to Dec 2013, 232 patients (188 males, 44 females) underwent VATS with bullectomy for spontaneous pneumothorax or hemopeumothorax, whose age were between 14 and 45 years and mean age was(26.4 ± 10.1) years.202 patients resulted from upper lobe spontaneous pneumothorax, 23 patients for lower lobe spontaneous pneumothorax, 7 patients for hemopeumothorax, and 18 cases because of recurrence after bullectomy (7.7 ％, 18/232).all the patients were accepted bullectomy with or without dissection of pulmonary ligament.Results Between 112 patients who underwent upper lobe bullectomy with dissection of pulmonary ligament, at 1 st postoperative day, it was found 92 patients whose pleural effusion were less than 300 ml (82.1％ ,92/112);20 patients whose pleural effusion were greater than or equal to 300 ml(17.9％, 20/112), and the mean drainage from thoracic cavity was(147.0 ± 61.0)ml.At 3 rd day, the mean drainage was(33.4 ± 20.0) ml.Within 23 cases who underwent lower lobe bullectomy with dissection of pulmonary ligament, the mean drainage from thoracic cavity, at 1 st postoperative day, was (155.2 ±41.1)ml,and the mean drainage, at the 3rd day, was(52.1 ± 21.3)ml.Also,within 90 patients who underwent bullectomywithout dissection of pulmonary ligament, 9 patients whose pleural effusion, at 1 st postoperative day, were less than 300ml(10％ ,9/90);81 patients whose pleural effusion were greater than or equal to 300ml (90％, 81/90);the mean drainage for 90 patients was(65.1 ± 28.0)ml.At the 3rd day, 40 patients' pleural effusion were greater than or equal to 300ml (44.4％,40/90) , and the mean drainage was(40.2 ± 25.5) ml.2 of 7 hemopeumothorax patients bled for the vessels injury during pulmonary ligament avulsion.Conclusion There was significant difference in clinical outcomes between two groups, and the dissection of pulmonary ligament was able to reduce the pooling of pleural effusion, facilitate the drainage of pleural effusion, and prevent pneumothorax recurrence, but there is no convincing evidence that dissection of pulmonary ligament can lead to bronchial deformation, stenosis, and reduce the free thoracic space.