Objective To detect serum bone specific alkaline phosphatase(BAP) and osteocalcin(OC) in children with idiopathic short stature(ISS),and explore the status of osteoblast.Methods Thirty-six cases of ISS in this study were divided into two groups(preaddescence group and adolescence group),50 healthy children as control group.The height,weight and body mass index in every group were measured.Left hand and wrist were measured with CHN way for bone age.Serum BAP and OC were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results BAP and OC in ISS group of preadolescence were(79.90?25.96) U/L,(60.96?18.46)?g/L,and(152.17?35.36)U/L,(76.16?28.03)?g/L in normal children.In the ISS group of adolescence BAP and OC were(108.33?35.20)U/L,(63.82?24.81)?g/L,and(156.30?35.29)U/L,(104.92?28.26)?g/L in normal group.There was significant difference between ISS and control group in both age in the levels of BAP and OC(Pa

Biomarkers ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Protein Precursors ; Prothrombin ; Vitamin K Deficiency ; complications ; diagnosis ; Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding ; etiology ; pathology ; prevention & control

AlM:To evaluate the early diagnosis of sub-clinic stage of diabetic retinopathy.
METHODS: This was cross sectional study, multifocal retina electroretinogram ( mf-ERG ) , contrast sensitivity ( CS) and central retinal artery color Doppler examination were recorded from 30 cases ( 30 eyes ) matched control subjects, 35 cases (35 eyes) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) without diabetic retinopathy ( NDR) and 38 cases ( 38 eyes ) with non-prolifera tive diabetic retinopathy ( NPDR) . One-way ANOVA and SNK-q test were used for data analysis.
RESULTS: P1 response density of NDR patients were found decrease, N1 implicit time were delayed. Which were related with the degree of retinopathy (P<0. 05);CS of NDR patients were found significant in middle and high frequency ( P < 0. 05 ), NPDR patients were found significant in full frequency ( P<0. 05 ); Central retinal artery (CRA) blood flow in the control groups and NDR groups were not found statistically significant (P>0. 05), The differences between normal group, NDR group and NPDR group were found statistically significant (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSlON: mf-ERG and CS are sensitive indexes for early evaluation of visual function in patients with diabetes mellitus, with development of the disease, CRA blood flow also appears to decline.

Objective To establish a quantitative biomechanical relationship between the anterior cruciate ligament deficiency and the posterior horn of medial meniscus. Methods 10 human cadaveric knees were examined using an in vitro knee-testing apparatus. In response to a combined 134 N anterior and 200 N axial compressive tibial load, the in situ forces in the posterior horn of medial meniscus were measured. Testing was performed on 10 knees at multiple angles of flexion (30?, 60?, 90?) before and after resection of anterior cruciate ligament. Results The resultant forces on the posterior horn of medial meniscus were as follows: intact ACL knees, (22.8?11.5) N in 30? flexion, (27.1?16.3) N in 60? flexion, (26.7?14.5) N in 90? flexion. ACL deficiency knees, (87.3?43.9) N in 30? flexion, (77.7?43.3) N in 60? flexion, (66.2?40.1) N in 90? flexion. The resultant forces significantly increased as a result of ACL deficiency(P

Objective To describe the arthroscopic reductions and fixation of tibial intercondylar eminence fracture with cannulated screws. Methods During February 2003 to September 2005, 40 patients were treated arthroscopically for fracture of the tibial intercondylar eminence. The average age was 29.5 years (11-58 years), with a mean follow-up time of 20.1 months(6-37 months). Among the 40 patients, there were 4 type Ⅱ fractures (10%), 24 type Ⅲ fractures (60%) and 12 type Ⅳ fractures (30%). The fragments were reduced and fixed with cannulated screws. All-arthroscopic technique was adopted in all cases. The hematoma and the fragment were debrided, and the bony fragment was reduced and temporarily fixed with 2-3 guide wires through the portal superomedial to the patella. Intra-operative X-ray was taken to prove the reduction. One or two cannulated screws were used to fix the fragment as the definite fixation. Results The fracture healed completely in all but 1 patient. Lachman test were negative in all patients postoperatively. The average postoperative KT-1000 manual maximum displacement(MMD) was 0.625 mm(?蛳1-2 mm) and average Lysholm score was 98.3 points(87-100 points). The range of motion was normal in 34 patients. Flexion deficit was found in 5 cases, but within 10?. Knee joint stiffness was found in 1 case with range of extension and flexion 0?-30?-45?. A secondary operation with arthroscopic release was performed. The range of extension and flexion was improved to 0?-10?-80? postoperatively. Mild anterior knee pains were found in 8 patients. For 4 young patients with open epiphysis, the cannulated screws were removed 10-12 weeks post operation. No growth disturbance was detected for these 4 patients at final follow-up. Conclusion Arthroscopic fixation of fracture of the tibial intercondylar eminence with cannulated screw is a simple, safe and effective procedure suitable for both children and adult patients.

Objective To present the preoperative planning protocol and surgical procedures of computerized navigation technique in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, and the comparative study results of tibial and femoral bone tunnel positions between navigation and arthroscopy technique. Methods The proper placement of femoral and tibial tunnels were planned preoperatively in standard AP and lateral X-ray view. Intraoperative fluoroscopic images were taken and inputed into navigation computer system to form the virtual interactive working fields. After placement and registration, signals from patient trackers being fixed into distal femur and tibia respectively, and tool trackers being attached with ACL tibial and femoral guide, were identified and captured by the optic navigation camera and so, the navigation computer system could pursued the real-time position of the ACL guide tools and the virtual tunnel positions were projeted into the working fields to help precise placement of femoral and tibial tunnels. From December 2005 to April 2006, 46 patients underwent fluoroscopy assisted anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Of them, 40 cases were evaluated with the postoperative X-ray lateral view to measure the placement of both femoral and tibial tunnels, and compared with the group of 40 cases of arthroscopy assisted ACL reconstruction in the same study period. Results For the navigation group, the average position of tibial tunnel was 45.35%?3.827% (37% to 53%) and 62.25%?5.610% (52% to 73%) for femoral tunnel. For the arthroscopic group, the average tunnel positions was 41.05%?6.008% (25% to 54%) for the tibia, and 56.62%?7.316% (46% to 77%) for the femur. With reduced SD, the average positions for both of the 2 tunnels in the navigation group were significantly more posterior than the arthroscopic group(P

BACKGROUND:Eucommia ulmoides gum has good thermoplastics, liquidity, bondability and antimicrobial properties. However, the application of Eucommia ulmoides gum as a root canal filing material is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To compare the different contents of gas phase nano-silica on mechanical performance of composite material taking the gutta-percha as the matrix, and observe the effect of the root canal filing. METHODS:Four kind of root canal filing materials were prepared through adding barium sulfate (20%), nano-hydroxyapatite (10%) and different contents of gutta-percha and gas phase nano-silica (40% and 15%, 45% and 20%, 50% and 25%, 55% and 30%). PureEucommia ulmoidesgum served as the blank control. The mechanical properties (hardness, tensile strength and rupture elongation rate) of those five materials were detected. Furthermore, four kinds of composite materials, pureEucommia ulmoidesgum and Gutta-Percha Pelets were filed into the fresh extracted premolar root canal by using Obtura II technology. The effect of root canal filing was observed under X-ray and scanning electron microscopy.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Along with the increase of the content of gas phase nano-silica, the hardness of Eucommia ulmoides gum composite material increased, tensile strength increased firstly and then decreased, and rupture elongation rate decreased. PureEucommia ulmoides gum was transmitted to the X-ray and no image of filing material was obtained. Four kinds of composite materials were resistant to X-ray, and images showed that al composite materials were equaly filed into the root canal, without cacuole, and were in contact with the root canal inner wal, showing good filing effect. Scanning electron microscopy showed that, fingerlike projections were the longest at the surface of pureEucommia ulmoides gum; as the content of gas phase nano-silica increased, fingerlike projection length reduced at the surface of composite materials.Eucommia ulmoides gum composite materials could be developed as a canal filing material under heat flow condition.

Adult ; Female ; Hematologic Tests ; Hexanes ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

Objective To find out about the development of nongovernmental medical services in China as well as the appraisals of such services by various quarters so as to provide basis for the formulation of policies for their management and development. Methods Cross-sectional studies were made in the provinces of Guangdong, Shanxi and Sichuan. By means of questionnaires and interviews, appraisals of nongovernmental medical services by residents, physicians, managers of medical institutions, investors of nongovernmental medical institutions and managers from the administrative departments of health were collected and differences in the appraisals made by people representing various interest groups were analyzed. Results Over 30% of the residents make use of nongovernmental medical services and appraisals of them surpass those of public medical services. Nongovernmental medical institutions have both advantages and disadvantages, with unfair social treatment being the major obstacle to their development. Conclusion Since nongovernmental medical services have already taken an important position in the setup of medical services of China, efforts should be made to coordinate relevant policies so as to bring their role into greater play.

Contemporary management ideas and social movements have impelled governments and service providers to value healthcare consumers' opinions and experiences. Patient satisfaction surveys have been used as a routine tool to measure a hospital's service quality from the patient's angle and patients' fidelity towards service providers. Quality improvement measures and service development strategies are consequently formulated. However, there still exist many problems in the research on and use of satisfaction surveys as a measurement tool, including lack of strategies for scientific tool selection and development, lack of standardization and analysis benchmarking, emphasis on nursing service at the expense of a hospital's overall service quality, lack of psychological surveying and research on applicability and practicability, artificially introduced bias factors in conducting the surveys, oversimplified presentation of survey results, and limited use of information, It is suggested that guidelines for tool selection and development be formulated, regional or nationwide benchmarking be established, plan designs in conducting the surveys be perfected, presentation of survey results be improved, and rational use of information be promoted.