AIM: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of vincamine sustained release capsules on non- arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy ( NAION) . · METHODS: Patients who were diagnosed with monocular onset NAION in acute stage from January to September 2015 were divided into two groups. Routine treatment such as steroid pulse therapy and neurotrophic treatment were given to all the patients. Vincamine was added to the treatment group patients with 30mg twice a day for 3mo. The best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA), mean deviation ( MD) of visual field, retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL ) , ganglion cell complex ( GCC ) , pattern visual evoked potential ( PVEP ) and OCT results were analyzed before and after the treatment. ·RESULTS:Totally 42 eyes of 42 patients were enrolled in our study. There were 27 patients in the treatment group, aged from 33 to 79 years old, the average value was 55. 55± 11. 83 years old. The control group has 15 patients, aged from 40 to 70 years old, the average value was 55. 71 ± 10. 06 years old. There were no statistical differences between the two groups in the baseline. After 3mo of the treatment, MD value of the two groups were lower compared with the baseline, the difference was statistically significant in the treatment and control group respectively (t= 2. 342, 2. 692; P = 0. 027, 0. 041). The difference of PVEP amplitude and potential of the two groups before and after the treatment were not statistically significant. The thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer and the ganglion cell complex were all lower than the baseline, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 001). The treatment of the two groups were both effective, the treatment group has better treatment effect than the control group. Adverse events related to the treatment of vincamine had not been found. ·CONCLUSION:Vincamine is helpful in the treatment of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.

OBJECTIVE: The study was carried out to investigate genetic polymorphism of 15 STR loci in Guangxi Miao population. METHORDS: DNA samples from southern China 274 Miao unrelated individuals were screened by using AmpFlSTR Identifiler PCR Amplification Kit and 3100 Genetic Analyzer. RESULTS: These 15 loci meet the Hardy-Weinberg expectations. The matching probability of the 15 STR loci was 5.04 x 10(-17), and combined paternity of exclution was 0.9999993 in Guangxi Miao population. CONCLUSION Our results showed Identifiler PCR Amplification systems of 15 STR loci were useful enough to forensic case work in Guangxi Miao population.
Alleles ; China/ethnology* ; Female ; Forensic Medicine ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Markers ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

A LC-MS method was established for the determination of the protein binding rates of oleanolic acid in human plasma and serum albumin. The equilibrium dialysis combined with LC-MS to determine the total concentration in plasma and free drug concentration of oleanolic acid was carried out. The human plasma protein binding rates of oleanolic acid at three concentrations were 79.6%, 81.9% and 63.3%, respectively. The human serum albumin protein binding rates of oleanolic acid at three concentrations were 53.5%, 56.6% and 47.7%, respectively. The method is shown to be simple, accurate, sensitive and specific for the determination of biological samples. The protein binding rates in human plasma and serum albumin were of high strength.
Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Dialysis ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Oleanolic Acid ; blood ; Protein Binding ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Serum Albumin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the allele frequency distribution, gene diversity and haplotype diversity of 12 Y-specific short tandem repeats (STR) in Guangzhou Han population and evaluate their forensic application.

METHODSTwelve Y-STR loci in 401 unrelated male Han individuals in Guangzhou were amplified with PowerPlex(R) Y System, and the PCR products were detected with 3100 Genetic Analyzer.

RESULTSThe data of allele distribution and gene diversity of the 12 Y-STR loci were obtained from these individuals. A total of 398 haplotypes were observed and the overall haplotype diversity for the 12 Y-STR loci was 0.99997. The DNA samples of 13 different species of animals were amplified and no specific products were observed. Different tissues from the same individual exhibited the same Y-STR haplotype.

CONCLUSIONThe 12 Y-STR loci exhibit high genetic polymorphism and are of important value in understanding of the human origin, individual identification for mixed male/female DNA samples and paternity identification.

China ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; genetics ; Forensic Medicine ; methods ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Population Groups

OBJECTIVE: The genetic studies of 13 short tandem repeats(STRs) loci in two multiplex amplification systems were carried out on Chinese Han population in Guangdong. METHODS: DNA samples from 328 unrelated individuals were screened. The 13 loci were D3S1358, vWA, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, TH01, TPOX and CSF1PO. The PCR products were analyzed and genotyped by ABI 377-96 Sequencer. RESULTS: The combined power of discrimination (DP) was 0.999999999999993 and the combined paternity of exclusion(PE) was 99.999%. These 13 loci met the Hardy-Weinberg expectations. CONCLUSION The two multiplex amplification systems were very useful in forensic case investigation.
Asian People/genetics* ; China ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetics, Population ; Humans ; Male ; Paternity ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Tandem Repeat Sequences

OBJECTIVETo provide a new means for forensic examination of difficult samples including old blood stain, hair (containing hair shafts), decomposed samples and old bone tissues using co-amplification of mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

METHODSWith Identifiler kit, STR genotyping and 18 mtDNA SNPs (16 SNPs in the coding region and 2 in the control region) detection were carried out using multiple amplification with labeled fluorescence and capillary electrophoresis. The two methods were compared for their performance in forensic caseworks such as old blood stain, cast-off cells, degraded muscles, cartilages, teeth and old bones.

RESULTSThe detection rates of STR and mtDNA SNPs were both beyond 80%, but the latter had a greater success rate. The success rates of mtDNA SNPs were significantly greater than those of STR in the examination of such samples as degraded muscles, cartilages, and old bones.

CONCLUSIONMultiplex amplification of mitochondrial DNA SNPs shows a bright prospect in the examination of difficult forensic samples.

DNA Fingerprinting ; methods ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Forensic Medicine ; methods ; Genotype ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Specimen Handling

To prepare composite phospholipid liposomes containing total alkaloids of Strychnos nux-vomica with hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) and 1, 2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphacholine (DPPC), and compare with normal DPPC thermosensitive liposomes for thermosensitive release property. Total alkaloids were extracted from S. nux-vomica with the impregnation method and further purified. Liposomes containing total alkaloids, thermosensitive liposomes and conventional thermosensitive liposomes without thermosensitive release property were prepared by ammonium sulfate transmembrane gradients and stealth liposome technique. Their encapsulation efficiency (EE), grain size, zeta potential and drug release behavior were compared. Their EEs and zeta potentials were almost identical; but the grain sizes of composite phospholipid liposomes and thermosensitive liposomes were significantly smaller than conventional liposomes. After comparing release behaviors of the three liposomes at 37, 43 degrees C, we found that the release of composite phospholipid liposomes was significantly lower than that of thermosensitive liposomes at 37 degrees C, but higher than that of thermosensitive liposomes at 43 degrees C. Meanwhile, conventional liposomes, with a very high phase-transition temperature, showed only slight release behavior at both temperatures. The study results showed that composite phospholipid liposomes had a better thermosensitive release behavior when the dosage of lysophosphatidic was reduced by 2. 5 times.
Alkaloids ; chemistry ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Phospholipids ; chemistry ; Strychnos nux-vomica ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical results and complications of three methods for microgenia, including chin augmentation with silicone implant, bone autograft, and genioplasty.

METHODSThe advantages and disadvantages of the three methods for microgenia were assessed through 3-D CT reconstruction, X-ray and intraoperative observation during the second operation. The indications for each technique were also studied.

RESULTSThe frequently observed problems for chin augmentation with silicone implants were implant malposition, underlying bone absorption, periosteal reaction and undercorrection. Chin augmentation with bone autograft had a great long-term bone graft absorption which led to undercorrection. Genioplasty showed a satisfactory cosmetic result with no serious complication.

CONCLUSIONSChin augmentation with silicone implant is suitable for mild microgenia with a shallow mentolabial groove, but without facial vertical insufficient and facial asymmetry. Genioplasty can be used in all kinds of microgenia in any severity, especially those with deviated chin and facial asymmetry. Chin augmentation with bone autograft can't achieve good long-term result and should be applied prudently.

Adult ; Chin ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Prostheses and Implants ; Silicone Elastomers ; Surgery, Plastic ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of gastric cancer in young patients (YGC) in order to improve the treatment outcome of YGC.

METHODSClinical data of 63 YGC patients (40 years of age and less) who underwent surgery from January 2004 to December 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 654 older gastric cancer patients (OGC, above 40 years) during the same period patients were selected and compared to the YGC patients.

RESULTSThe proportions of female patients, patients with a family history or with undifferentiated tumor in YGC were significantly higher than OGC (all P<0.05). The curative resection rate of YGC patients was 61.9% (39/63), significantly lower than that of OGC (93.1%, 595/654, P<0.01). A total of 653 (91.1%) patients were followed up, with a period of time of 1 to 84 months. The 5-year survival rates for YGC and OGC patients were 40.5% and 55.6% respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Cox proportional hazards model showed that the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and radical surgery were the independent factors associated with the prognosis of YGC (all P<0.05). The stratified analysis showed that the 5-year survival rates for YGC and OGC patients undergoing radical surgery were 63.2% and 56.7% respectively and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The 5-year survival rates for YGC and OGC patients undergoing palliative surgery were 4.2% and 22.2% respectively and the difference was statistically significan t(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONGastric cancer in young patients is highly malignant, with lower rate of curative resection and poorer prognosis. The long-term outcome of YGC is similar to that of OGC if radical resection is possible.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo report the diagnosis and treatment experience of pediatric gastric cancer.

METHODSClinicopathological data of a girl with gastric carcinoma in December 2011 was analyzed retrospectively. The literatures were reviewed. The disease onset, clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis of the patient with gastric carcinoma were studied.

RESULTSThe patient was a 12-year-old girl, and the tumor was located in greater curvature. The girl underwent laparoscopy-assisted radical total gastrectomy (D2). Pathological examination showed gastric ulcerative signet-ring cell cancer (pT4N0M0, stage II b). The outcome at the recent follow up was satisfactory. Literature review demonstrated 15 cases of pediatric gastric carcinoma, of whom 7 were boys and 8 girls. Their average age was 12.7 years (2.5-17.8 years). Tumor locations included cardia (n=5), gastric body (n=1), gastric antrum or stomach corner (n=4), gastric antrum and gastric body (n=1), and unknown (n=4). Histology showed signet-ring cell cancer in 4 patients, poorly differentiated in 6, moderate to poorly differentiated and moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma in 2. Operation was performed in 11 cases and perioperative chemotherapy in 8 cases. Nine patients had follow-up. Four patients died within 6 months and other 4 patients survived for 6 months to one year. The survival time of one patient who underwent radical surgery and perioperative chemotherapy was 102 months.

CONCLUSIONSPediatric gastric carcinoma is extremely rare. It is highly malignant and associated with poor prognosis. Radical surgery is the most important treatment. Perioperative chemotherapy may improve the prognosis.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy