OBJECTIVE:To optimize the matrix formulation and preparation technological parameters of Compound Bingjia Cream. METHODS:To prepare water phase and oil phase matrix solutions respectively,and then the former was added into the lat-ter and well mixed together. The matrix formulation was optimized with the overall scores of appearance,high temperature,low temperature and oil and water stratification after centrifugal test as the evaluated indexes. High performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the content of metronidazole. Gas chromatography was adopted to determine the content of borneol. With the matrix temperature at the time of adding the main drug mixture,matrix quantity,emulsification method and emulsification time as observed factors,and the overall scores of metronidazole content,borneol content and the overall scores of preparation(the overall scores of appearance and stability tests) as the observed indexes,L9(34) orthogonal test was designed to optimize the preparation technological parameters of Compound Bingjia cream and verification for technology was conducted. RESULTS:The optimal oil phase matrix formulation was as follows as cetanol of 10 g,glyceryl monostearate of 16 g,stearic acid of 20 g,albolene of 8 g, while the optimal water oil matrix formulation as triethanolamine of 2 g,glycerinum of 24 g. The optimal preparation technological parameters were the matrix temperature of 50℃at the time of adding the main drug mixture,matrix of 300 g,emulsification meth-od of colloid emulsification,emulsification time of 30 min,where metronidazole content was 1.83%,borneol content 2.88%. The results of 3 verification tests showed the overall scores were all 25,with metronidazole content of 2.1%,2.1%,2.2%(RSD=2.71%,n=3),borneol content of 3.2%,3.3%,3.1%(RSD=3.12%,n=3). CONCLUSIONS:The optimal matrix formulation and technological parameters of the preparation are stable and feasible,and suitable for mass production.

Objective To summarize the experience and lesson of surgical treatment of acute traumatic brain injury.Methods A total of 516 cases with acute traumatic brain injury treated surgi- cally from January 2001 to December 2004 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Of all,there were 56 cases with simple comminuted depressed fractures,138 with brain contusion and laceration and/ or intracerebral hematoma,122 with epidural hematoma,126 with suhdural hematoma,48 with diffuse brain swelling,18 with open brain injuries and eight with other kind of injury,all of whom were treated with standard large eraniectomy under general anaesthesia.The treatment results were evaluated by Glas- cow Outcome Scale(GOS).Results Of all,standard large craniectomy was performed in 194 cases, of which 304 cases(58.9%)were with good recovery,66(12.8%)with moderate deficit,72(13.9%) with severe deficit,12(2.3%)under persistent vegetative status and 62(12.0%)died 3-6 months after surgery.Conclusions More attention should be paid to surgery for traumatic brain injury.Individual surgical treatment should be performed under surgical principles.

Objective To analyze the association of polymorphisms of estrogen receptor (ER) α and β genes with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Chinese Han cohort of Yunnan Province.Methods XbaⅠ and Pvu Ⅱ of ERα gene,Rsa Ⅰ and Alu Ⅰ of ERβ gene were typed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 697 SLE patients and 638 healthy controls.The frequency distribution of the alleles and genotypes were analyzed by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test and x2 test.Results ① For ERα gene,the frequency of minor allele of Pvu Ⅱ C in SLE patients was significantly higher than healthy controls (x2=15.427,P=0.001);the allele frequencies of XbaⅠ in SLE patients showed no significant difference compared with healthy controls (P＞0.05).The frequency of minor genotype of Pvu Ⅱ CC in SLE patients was significantly higher than healthy controls (x2=17.371,P=0.011).The frequency of two locus haplotype AATT in SLE patients was significantly lower than healthy controls (x2=6.333,P=0.012);the frequency of the two locus haplotype AACC in SLE patients was significantly higher than healthy controls (x2=7.771,P=0.038).② For ERβ gene,the frequency of minor allele RsaⅠ A in SLE patients was significantly lower than healthy controls (x2=12.595,P=0.013);the allele frequencies of Alu Ⅰ in SLE patients showed no significant differences compared with the healthy controls (P＞0.05).The frequency of minor genotype AA of Rsa Ⅰ in SLE patients was significantly higher than healthy controls (x2=41.456,P=0.000).The frequency of two locus haplotype AAGG in SLE patients was significantly higher than healthy controls (x2=37.063,P=0.000).The frequency of the two locus haplotype AAGA in SLE patients was significantly lower than healthy controls(x2=21.086,P=0.001).③ Pvu Ⅱ C was related with splenomegaly (x2=4.212,P＜0.05).The two locus haplotype AGTC of Xba Ⅰ and Pvu Ⅱ was related with edema (x2=7.898,P＜0.05).Conclusion There are associations between the polymorphisms of ERα and ERβ genes and SLE.The ERα and ERβ genes may be the susceptible genes for SLE in Yunnan Han Chinese Cohort.

[Objective] To observe the effect of Wumei Wan on histological features of colic mucosa of rats with uleera-tive colitis. [ Methods ] Forty rats were randomly allocated to normal control group ( Group A), model group ( Group B), salicylazosulfapyridine group (Group C) and Wumei Wan group (Group D). Ulcerative colitis models were established by immune method combined with local stimulation. After gastric infusion treatment, the histological features of colic mucosa of rats were observed under light microscope and transmission electron microscope. [Results] The results of pathological slices showed histological feature of colic mucosa in Wumei Wan group was much improved as compared with Group C. [Conclusion] Wumei Wan has a certain effect in treating ulcerative colitis.

Objective To study thyroid hormone changes in women with pre-eclampsia patients,the characteristics of thyroid disease and its relationship with pre-eclampsia.Methods From May 2011 to December 2012 171 patients with pre-eclampsia who delivered in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were recruited as prc-eclampsia(PE) group,among which 114 cases were defined as early onset pre-eclampsia (EP) group and 57 cases were defined as late onset pre-eclampsia (LP) group.And 171 healthy women with same age and same stage of pregnancy were selected as the control group.Their blood pressures were normal and they had no obstetrical complications.Serum thyrotropin (TSH),free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were determined by solid-phase chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay method (CMIA).Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) were measured by electro-chemiluminescent assay (ECLIA).The positive rate was calculated (TPOAb ＞ 5.6 U/L,TGAb ＞ 4.1 U/L were defined as positive result).The relationship between TSH,FT3,FT4 level and blood pressure was analyzed in women with pre-eclampsia.Results (1) The median values of TSH,FT4 and FT3 in PE group were 3.4 mU/L,(12.0 ± 3.0) pmol/L and(3.9 ± 0.9) pmol/L.In the control group,they were 1.9 mU/L,(13.4 ± 2.4) and (5.0 ± 1.3) pmol/L.There were statistically significant differences between the two groups(P ＜ 0.01).In EP group,the median values of TSH,FT4 and FT3 were 3.3 mU/L,(12.1 ± 3.4) pmol/L and (3.8 ± 0.9) pmol/L.The differences between EP group and the control group were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).In LP group,the median values of TSH,FT4 and FT3 were 3.4 mU/L,(11.9 ± 3.1) pmol/L and (3.9 ± 1.0) pmol/L.There were statistically significant differences compared to the control group(P ＜0.01).While there was no difference between EP group and LP group (P ＞ 0.05).(2) The positive rate of TPOAb and TGAb in PE group were 15.2％ (26/171)and 21.6％ (37/171),and were 12.3％ (21/171) and 14.6％ (25/171) in the control group.There was statistically significant difference in the TGAb positive rate (P ＜ 0.01),but the difference in TPOAb positive rate was not statistically different(P ＞0.05).The TPOAb positive rates in EP group and LP group were 12.3 ％ (14/114) and 21.1％ (12/57),respectively,with no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).And the positive rates of TGAb in EP group and LP group were 21.9％ (25/114)and 21.1％ (12/57),respectively,with no statistically significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).The positive rate of TPOAb in LP group and in the control group had statistically significant difference(P ＜0.01).(3) The morbidity of thyroid disease in PE group and in the control group were 47.4％ (81/171) and 16.4％ (28/171),with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).(4) The morbidity of subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroidism in PE group and in the control group were 45.0％ (77/171) and 16.4％ (28/171),with statistically significant difference(P ＜0.01).(5) The morbidity of subclinical hyperthyroidism in PE group and in the control group were 2.3 ％ (4/171) and 1.8 ％ (3/171),with no statistically significant difference (P＞0.05).(6) In PE group,women with TSH level of 0.3-3.3 mU/L had systolic pressure of(170 ± 21)mmHg (1mmHg =0.133 kPa)and diastolic pressure of(112 ± 15) mmHg; women with TSH ＞ 3.3 mU/L had systolic pressure of(166 ± 21)mmHg and diastolic pressure of(109 ± 13)mmHg.There was no statistically significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).But the diastolic pressure in EP group and LP group had statistically significant difference(P ＜ 0.01).In PE group,no correlation was found among TSH,FT4 levels and systolic pressure,diastolic pressure(P ＞ 0.05).FT3 level was negatively correlated to diastolic pressure (r =-0.172,P =0.023).Conclusions It is common that pre-eclampsia is complicated with thyroid dysfunction,mainly subclinical hypothyroidism.Thus it is nessesary to test thyroid hormone and thyroid antibodies in women with pre-eclampsia.The decrease of FT3 and FT4,the increase of TSH and the presence of TPOAb and TGAb are related with the presence of pre-eclampsia.

Objective - （ ） To investigate the effects of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 NRF2 on the oxidative stress （ ） Methods ） ，， induced by trichloromethane TCM in human normal hepatocyte L02 cells. i L02 cells were stimulated with 1 2 ， ， ， （ ）， 4 8 12 16 and 20 mmol/L TCM solution dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and the control group and blank group were set ， - ， up. After culturing for 24 hours the cell viability was detected by CCK 8 colorimetric method and the concentration of TCM ） -， - stimulation was screened. ii L02 cells in logarithmic growth phase were randomly divided into control group and low medium - ， ， ， and high dose groups. After 24 hours of exposure to 0 4 8 and 12 mmol/L TCM the cells were collected. The activity of （ ）， （ ）， （ - ） （ ） superoxide dismutase SOD catalase CAT glutathione peroxidase GSH Px and the level of malondialdehyde MDA NRF2， - （HO-1）， were detected by colorimetric analysis. The mRNA expression levels of heme oxygenase 1 glutamate cysteine （GCLC） （） （NQO1） - ligase catalytic subunit and NAD P H quinone dehydrogenase 1 were detected by real time fluorescence ， - ， polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels of NRF2 HO 1 GCLC and NQO1 were detected by Western blotting.Results ） ， ， ， ， i When the concentration of TCM was 4 8 12 16 and 20 mmol/L the survival rate of L02 cells decreased （ P ） ， ， significantly compared with the control group all <0.05 . The concentration of 0 4 8 and 12 mmol/L were selected as the ） ， - stimulation doses for subsequent experiments. ii Compared with the control group the activities of SOD and GSH Px in L02 （ P ） （ P ）， - cells in the three doses groups decreased all <0.05 and the levels of MAD increased all <0.05 with a dose effect - （P ）， relationship. The CAT activity of L02 cells in the medium dose group was lower than that in the control group <0.05 and the - （ P ） CAT activity of L02 cells in the high dose group was lower than that in the others three groups all <0.05 . Compared with the ， NRF2 - （P ），NRF2 control group the relative expression levels of mRNA in L02 cells in the low dose group decreased <0.05 - （P ）， NRF2 mRNA in L02 cells in the medium dose group increased <0.05 mRNA and NRF2 protein expression in L02 cells in （ P ） HO-1，GCLC， NQO1 ， the highdose group increased both <0.05 . The relative expression level of mRNA and GCLC NQO1 （ P ） protein expression in L02 cells in the three doses groups increased compared with the control group all <0.05 . The relative NRF2 - - - expression level of mRNA in L02 cells in the high dose group was higher than that in the low and medium dose groups （ P ）， - （P ）， both <0.05 and the relative expression of NRF2 protein was higher than that in the low dose group <0.05 but the HO-1 GCLC - - （ relative expression levels of and mRNA and HO 1 protein level were lower than those in the medium dose group all P ）Conclusion - <0.05 . TCM exposure can inhibit the proliferation of L02 cells by inducing oxidative stress with a dose effect ， relationship. In this process the antioxidant mechanism mediated by NRF2 was activated. The expression of antioxidant defense ， - ， and detoxification related target genes downstream of NRF2 signaling pathway was activated and the expression of HO 1 - GCLC and NQO1 was up regulated to alleviate the oxidative damage caused by TCM.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effectiveness of treatment of recurrent malignant brain gliomas by surgical excision combined with biodegradable polymers of interstitial chemotherapy.

METHODSIn 30 patients with recurrent malignant brain gliomas, the tumor was surgically removed and Vp-16 biodegradable polymers were implanted during operation in the tumor bed at a dose of 100 - 150 mg. The patients were followed up for 3 - 24 months, and the results were compared with 46 cases with the recurrent malignant brain gliomas who received operation only.

RESULTSAt 3, 6, 12, 24 months after treatment, the recurrent rate was 16.7%, 30%, 50% and 83.3%, respectively; the mortality rate was 6.67%, 20%, 40% and 70%, respectively. All the patients had no apparent side-effects of chemotherapy.

CONCLUSIONSurgical treatment combined with interstitial chemotherapy with biodegradable Vp-16 polymers improves the treatment result of recurrent malignant brain gliomas compared to surgery alone.

Adult ; Aged ; Brain Neoplasms ; mortality ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Etoposide ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Female ; Glioma ; mortality ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; therapy ; Polymers ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo review the clinical manifestations, imaging, tumor markers, treatment methods, pathology results and clinical curative effects of pineal region tumors and to evaluate the characteristics and intervention strategies for those tumors.

METHODSThe clinicopathological data of 132 patients with pineal region tumor treated in our department between January 2000 and May 2008 were retrospectively studied.

RESULTSA moderate predominance in males was presented. The clinical manifestations of the disease included increased intracranial pressure and ocular movement impairment. There were some features but no regularity and specific appearance on imaging including CT and MRI. 88.6% of patients associated with hydrocephalus. A high serum level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was presented in 14 cases and high HCG in 9 cases. Eighteen cases received direct radiation therapy and 7 had radiotherapy post biopsy. 107 cases were treated surgically and 63 cases received postoperative adjuvant treatment. 114 cases had pathology results including 56 germ cell tumors. The patients were followed up for 12 approximately 132 months. Recurrence developed in 23 cases and 12 cases died. The 5-year survival rate was 89.3%.

CONCLUSIONPineal region tumors are often associated with hydrocephalus and this makes preoperative diagnosis difficult. Imaging examination may help diagnosis but less specific. Germ cell tumors may diagnosed by some tumor markers. Radiation therapy is the choice of treatment for pure germinomas. Other types of pineal region tumors should receive surgical treatment. Postoperative adjuvant treatment based on pathology can provide a good prognosis in pineal region tumor.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; blood ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; etiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Pineal Gland ; pathology ; surgery ; Pinealoma ; blood ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; Survival Rate ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the dynamic changes of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 in acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their correlations to the severity of brain injury and the condition of the patients.

METHODSThirty-four patients with acute TBI were divided into two groups according to the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, clinical manifestations and the imaging data, namely patients with GCS score < or = 8 and those with GCS score between 9 and 12. Radioimmunoassay was employed to determine the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 at 6 different time points within 15 days after the injury in the two groups.

RESULTSThe serum IL-6 reached the peak level on the second day after the injury in patients with GCS score < or = 8 and on the 7th day in patients with GCS score of 9-12, showing significant differences in IL-6 variations between the two groups (P=0.046). The peak serum level of IL-8 occurred on the 7th day in patients with GCS score < or = 8 and on the 3rd day in patients with GCS score of 9-12, also showing significant differences (P=0.045). The peak level of IL-6 on the second day after the injury was significantly higher than the peak level of IL-8 that occurred on the 7th day, demonstrating significant differences in the variations of IL-6 and IL-8 after the injury (P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONThe changes of serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels show positive correlations to the severity of the condition of the patients sustaining TBI. IL-6 variation is more obvious than that of IL-8 without intimate correlations between them. Clinically, serum IL-6 level can be more informative than serum IL-8 level in evaluating the changes of the condition of the TBI patients in early stage following the injury.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain Injuries ; blood ; Child ; Female ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Interleukin-8 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Trauma Severity Indices ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the infection of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) in the liver tissue of patients with chronic liver disease and the association between Hp and chronic liver disease.

METHODSLiver tissue samples were obtained by liver biopsy and surgical resection from 30 healthy subjects, 30 patients with chronic hepatitis, 30 with cirrhosis and 30 with liver cancer. All the samples were confirmed by pathological examination. The gene fragment coding for 16SrRNA were amplified by PCR with sequence analysis.

RESULTSThe PCR product of the 16SrRNA gene was 109 bp in length. Hp 16SrRNA was detected in 18 out of 30 liver biopsy samples from patients with primary cancer (60.0%), in 14 samples from patients with liver cirrhosis (47.0%), and in none of the samples from normal subjects or patients with chronic hepatitis. Sequencing analysis of Hp 16SrRNA gene in the liver tissue showed a 98.8% homology with the gene fragment encoding Hp 16SrRNA.

CONCLUSIONHp is identified in the liver tissue of patients with chronic liver disease, suggesting the possible correlation between Hp infection and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Base Sequence ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Helicobacter pylori ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; complications ; microbiology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Liver Neoplasms ; complications ; microbiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA, Bacterial ; analysis ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; analysis ; Young Adult